Griboedov grief from mind meaning of the work. Woe from mind analysis. Legends about the creation of a unique creation
Although there are hunters everywhere,
Yes, laughter is scary these days
And keeps shame in check.
A. Griboyedov
The meaning of the comedy “Woe from Wit,” I believe, is to show the spirit of Moscow at that time, its morals. The comedy unfolds as a confrontation between two forces: the old world of aristocrats, who do not want to leave the stage of life, and the new generation of progressive-minded people of Russia.
The clash between Chatsky and Famusov is inevitable, because the old aristocrats do not like change, they are used to living and living out their lives in a way that is convenient for them. The life of society in this sense is not enough
Interested.
Famusov immediately felt that with Chatsky’s arrival various troubles and disturbances in order would begin, although he did not yet know about his views. The young, strong, blossoming principle in a person in itself gives people like Famusov a reason for concern. And what can we say about the reaction to Chatsky’s bold judgments?
The world that Famusov so diligently protects from external influences is a complete lie of relationships and depressing immorality. Sophia hides her poetic feelings for Molchalin, fearing that they will not be understood. And Molchalin, in turn, pretends to be in love.
At Famusov’s balls, a spirit of swagger and arrogance reigns. The Tugoukhovsky princes, for example, are deaf to everything in the world except wealth and titles.
There is a chill of caution and hostility towards each other in the relations between the guests.
Naturally, Chatsky, having found himself in such an environment, fell into melancholy and boredom. Even falling in love with Sophia did not help him cheer up at all. He leaves, but his love for Sophia and his homeland still brings him back to Moscow, already energetic and full of creative aspirations. But new disappointments await him: no one needs his energy and noble impulses in Famusov’s Moscow. Love also fails: after a conversation with Famusov, Chatsky has suspicions that he dreams of giving Sophia for General Skalozub. Yes, Chatsky himself, gradually getting to know Sophia, becomes disappointed in her. He notices that she sees the world distorted. Hearing how admiringly she speaks about Molchalin, Chatsky is convinced that she does not understand his true essence at all. He asks her: “But does he have that passion? That feeling? That ardor? So that, except for you, the whole world seems like dust and vanity to him?” Then he adds: “And Skalozub! What a sight for sore eyes!..”
But Sophia felt neither caution nor irony in his words. She replies: “The hero is not my novel.”
Chatsky is tormented by the thought of how such an intelligent girl could fall in love with the scoundrel Molchalin, a self-interested man and a sycophant:
With such feelings, with such a soul We love!
Liar, she laughed at me!
At the end, when everything is finally revealed, Chatsky admits to himself that he was bitterly deceived in Sophia;
Why did they lure me with hope?
Why didn't they tell me directly?
That you turned everything that happened into laughter?..
... Here I am donated to someone!
But the sacrifice of love is not the greatest sacrifice in Chatsky’s life. Him, with the light hand of Sophia, who dropped: “Ah, Chatsky! You love to dress everyone up as jesters. Would you like to try it on yourself,” they declare him crazy, and this rumor quickly spreads throughout Moscow.
The meaning of the comedy, in my opinion, is that Chatsky, despite his defeats and moral torment, did not retreat from loyalty to his ideals.
In Famusov’s house, he acts to the end as an exposer of its inhabitants, who are clinging to the past with all their might, trying to stop the passage of time.
The main idea of the work “Woe from Wit” is to illustrate meanness, ignorance and servility before ranks and traditions, which were opposed by new ideas, genuine culture, freedom and reason. The main character Chatsky acted in the play as a representative of that same democratic-minded society of young people who openly challenged conservatives and serf owners. Griboedov managed to reflect all these subtleties that were raging in social and political life using the example of a classic comedic love triangle. It is noteworthy that the main part of the work described by the creator takes place over the course of just one day, and the characters themselves are depicted by Griboedov very vividly.
Many of the writer's contemporaries awarded his manuscript with sincere praise and advocated for permission to publish the comedy to the Tsar.
The history of writing the comedy "Woe from Wit"
The idea of writing the comedy “Woe from Wit” came to Griboyedov during his stay in St. Petersburg. In 1816, he returned to the city from abroad and found himself at one of the social receptions. He was deeply indignant at the Russian people’s craving for foreign things, after he noticed that the city’s nobility worshiped one of the foreign guests. The writer could not restrain himself and showed his negative attitude. Meanwhile, one of the invitees, who did not share his beliefs, retorted that Griboyedov was crazy.
The events of that evening formed the basis of the comedy, and Griboyedov himself became the prototype of the main character Chatsky. The writer began work on the work in 1821. He worked on comedy in Tiflis, where he served under General Yermolov, and in Moscow.
In 1823, work on the play was completed, and the writer began to read it in Moscow literary circles, receiving rave reviews along the way. The comedy was successfully distributed in the form of lists among the reading population, but it was first published only in 1833, after the request of Minister Uvarov to the Tsar. The writer himself was no longer alive by that time.
Analysis of the work
The main plot of the comedy
The events described in the comedy take place at the beginning of the 19th century, in the house of the capital official Famusov. His young daughter Sophia is in love with Famusov's secretary, Molchalin. He is a prudent man, not rich, and holds a minor rank.
Knowing about Sophia's passions, he meets with her for convenience. One day, a young nobleman, Chatsky, a family friend who has not been in Russia for three years, comes to the Famusovs’ house. The purpose of his return is to marry Sophia, for whom he has feelings. Sophia herself hides her love for Molchalin from the main character of the comedy.
Sophia's father is a man of the old way of life and views. He is subservient to the ranks and believes that young people should please their superiors in everything, not show their opinions and serve their superiors selflessly. Chatsky, in contrast, is a witty young man with a sense of pride and a good education. He condemns such views, considers them stupid, hypocritical and empty. Heated disputes arise between Famusov and Chatsky.
On the day of Chatsky’s arrival, invited guests gather at Famusov’s house. During the evening, Sophia spreads a rumor that Chatsky has gone crazy. The guests, who also do not share his views, actively pick up this idea and unanimously recognize the hero as crazy.
Finding himself the black sheep of the evening, Chatsky is about to leave the Famusovs’ house. While waiting for the carriage, he hears Famusov’s secretary confessing his feelings to the master’s maid. Sophia also hears this and immediately drives Molchalin out of the house.
The denouement of the love scene ends with Chatsky's disappointment in Sophia and secular society. The hero leaves Moscow forever.
Heroes of the comedy "Woe from Wit"
This is the main character of Griboedov's comedy. He is a hereditary nobleman, in whose possession there are 300 - 400 souls. Chatsky was left an orphan early on, and since his father was a close friend of Famusov, from childhood he was raised together with Sophia in the Famusovs’ house. Later he became bored with them, and at first he settled separately, and then left to wander the world.
Since childhood, Chatsky and Sophia were friends, but he had more than just friendly feelings for her.
The main character in Griboyedov's comedy is not stupid, witty, eloquent. A lover of ridicule of stupid people, Chatsky was a liberal who did not want to bend to his superiors and serve the highest ranks. That is why he did not serve in the army and was not an official, which was rare for the era of that time and his pedigree.
Famusov is an older man with gray hair at the temples, a nobleman. For his age he is very cheerful and fresh. Pavel Afanasyevich is a widower; his only child is Sophia, 17 years old.
The official is in the civil service, he is rich, but at the same time flighty. Famusov without hesitation pesters his own maids. His character is explosive and restless. Pavel Afanasyevich is grumpy, but with the right people, he knows how to show proper politeness. An example of this is his communication with the colonel, to whom Famusov wants to marry his daughter. For the sake of his goal, he is ready to do anything. Submission, servility before ranks and servility are characteristic of him. He also values society’s opinion of himself and his family. The official does not like to read and does not consider education to be something very important.
Sophia is the daughter of a wealthy official. Pretty and educated in the best rules of the Moscow nobility. Left early without her mother, but under the care of the governess Madame Rosier, she reads French books, dances and plays the piano. Sophia is a fickle girl, flighty and easily attracted to young men. At the same time, she is gullible and very naive.
During the course of the play, it is clear that she does not notice that Molchalin does not love her and is with her because of his own benefits. Her father calls her a disgrace and a shameless woman, but Sophia herself considers herself an intelligent and not a cowardly young lady.
Famusov's secretary, who lives in their house, is a single young man from a very poor family. Molchalin received his noble title only during his service, which was considered acceptable in those days. For this, Famusov periodically calls him rootless.
The hero's surname perfectly matches his character and temperament. He doesn't like to talk. Molchalin is a limited and very stupid person. He behaves modestly and quietly, respects rank and tries to please everyone around him. He does this solely for profit.
Alexey Stepanovich never expresses his opinion, due to which those around him consider him a completely handsome young man. In fact, he is vile, unprincipled and cowardly. At the end of the comedy, it becomes clear that Molchalin is in love with the maid Liza. Having confessed this to her, he receives a portion of righteous anger from Sophia, but his characteristic sycophancy allows him to remain in the service of her father further.
Skalozub is a minor hero of the comedy; he is a lack of initiative colonel who wants to become a general.
Pavel Afanasyevich classifies Skalozub as one of the eligible Moscow bachelors. In Famusov’s opinion, a rich officer with weight and status in society is a good match for his daughter. Sophia herself did not like him. In the work, the image of Skalozub is collected in separate phrases. Sergei Sergeevich joins Chatsky’s speech with absurd reasoning. They betray his ignorance and lack of education.
Maid Lisa
Lizanka is an ordinary servant in Famus’s house, but at the same time she occupies a fairly high place among other literary characters, and she is given quite a lot of different episodes and descriptions. The author describes in detail what Lisa does and what and how she says. She forces other characters in the play to confess their feelings, provokes them to certain actions, pushes them to various decisions that are important for their lives.
Mr. Repetilov appears in the fourth act of the work. This is a minor but bright character in the comedy, invited to Famusov’s ball on the occasion of his daughter Sophia’s name day. His image characterizes a person who chooses the easy path in life.
Zagoretsky
Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky is a secular reveler without ranks and honors, but he knows how and loves to be invited to all receptions. Due to your gift - to be pleasing to the court.
Hurrying to be in the center of events, “as if” from the outside, the secondary hero A.S. Griboedov, Anton Antonovich, himself, finds himself invited to an evening at the Faustuvs’ house. From the very first seconds of the action with his person, it becomes clear that Zagoretsky is still a “frame”.
Madame Khlestova is also one of the minor characters in the comedy, but still her role is very colorful. This is a woman of advanced years. She is 65 years old. She has a Spitz dog and a dark-skinned maid - a blackamoor. Khlestova is aware of the latest gossip of the court and willingly shares her own life stories, in which she easily talks about other characters in the work.
Composition and storylines of the comedy "Woe from Wit"
When writing the comedy “Woe from Wit,” Griboyedov used a technique characteristic of this genre. Here we can see a classic plot where two men are vying for the hand of one girl at once. Their images are also classic: one is modest and respectful, the second is educated, proud and confident in his own superiority. True, in the play Griboyedov placed accents in the characters’ characters a little differently, making Molchalin, and not Chatsky, sympathetic to that society.
For several chapters of the play there is a background description of life in the Famusovs’ house, and only in the seventh scene does the beginning of the love plot begin. A fairly detailed long description during the play tells about just one day. The long-term development of events is not described here. There are two storylines in the comedy. These are conflicts: love and social.
Each of the images described by Griboyedov is multifaceted. Even Molchalin is interesting, towards whom the reader already develops an unpleasant attitude, but he does not cause obvious disgust. It's interesting to watch him in various episodes.
In the play, despite the adoption of fundamental structures, there are certain deviations to build the plot, and it is clearly evident that the comedy was written at the junction of three literary eras: flourishing romanticism, emerging realism and dying classicism.
Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" gained its popularity not only for the use of classical plot techniques in a non-standard framework, it reflected obvious changes in society, which were then just emerging and taking their first sprouts.
The work is also interesting because it is strikingly different from all other works written by Griboedov.
The main idea that Alexander Griboyedov put into his comedy was to show the life and customs of his contemporary society, his contemporary Moscow. In the work, two camps, two worldviews collide - old conservative conformist aristocrats who worship rank, wealth, trying with all their might to preserve the existing habitual way of life, and progressive people striving for change, wanting a better life than they have.
In the work there is a confrontation between Chatsky and Famusov, and this clash is completely predictable. This conflict had to happen, because old townsfolk like Famusov, accustomed to caring only about their personal welfare, and indifferent to the aspirations of those around them, cannot stand people like Chatsky, “sowing trouble,” disrupting the established order for everyone, striving to establish justice. In people like Chatsky, Famusov sees a real enemy, a threat to his high position, his comfortable, idle, stultifying life. The spirit of pride and arrogance reigns at Famusov’s balls. Chatsky, once at one of the balls, fell into unbearable boredom because of the host of people living there (even falling in love could not save him from boredom, everything was so depressing). And all because their interests are limited only by banknotes and titles. In addition, all the guests are wary of each other, and there is an atmosphere of hostility and arrogance among them.
What did Griboedov want to tell us with this work? What is the meaning of comedy? It lies in Chatsky’s loyalty to his convictions, despite mental anguish and multiple failures. In the vile house of Famusov, he plays the role of an accuser of ignorant inhabitants, retrogrades who make every effort to maintain the existing order, who do not strive for a more honest and just life, who think about themselves. Such subjects slow down our time, the development of the world, and those like Chatsky make our planet turn and progress. People like him are trying to free ordinary people from unbearable oppression.
In the play Woe from Wit, the essence lies in the conflict between a gifted, progressive individual (prone to Decembrism) and Famus society (reverence for money, rank, vanity and hypocrisy), which appears as a struggle for human rights and dignity. Through the lips of Chatsky, the author’s position in relation to his contemporary society was expressed. A lot of images from the work have become household names, and some passages have become aphorisms.
Option 2
A satirical comedy written by one of the famous Russian authors of the 19th century, Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov. Initially, Griboedov intended to write a comedy about the rather strange and cruel living conditions of ordinary peasants during serfdom.
Since comedy touches on satire, this work makes the reader understand that even the smartest person who has not done anything wrong can also become the object of various gossip, discussions, and so on. The main theme of the comedy is the vices of humanity, which they both ridicule and try to hide. Hypocrisy and veneration makes the reader think about how these two main vices can affect the outcome of the work.
The title of the work, “Woe from Wit,” hides a small meaning that is revealed in the work itself. After all, it is easier to accuse another person of illiteracy or madness than to change yourself and try to live in accordance with the new directions and styles of life itself that came with the advent of the new century.
The comedy also touches on serfdom, court morals and much more, which affects the very meaning of the work and its essence. When reading this work, one can notice its connection with Decembrism, however, Griboyedov himself was not a member of the Decembrist societies and did not share the main trends of Decembrism with his friends or in literature.
Not the deepest meaning of the comedy is manifested in the fact that Chatsky, with all his efforts, despite his failures throughout the action of the comedy and despite moral principles and torment, did not retreat, but remained true to his inner ideals.
Griboedov did not hesitate to add some kind of confrontation to this work; on the one hand there were aristocrats who did not want to leave the brightness of life, and on the other hand there was a society of progressive-minded people who wanted to fill their lives with vivid emotions and unforgettable memories. In other words, two generations collided in this comedy - the new generation of the then 19th century and the generation of the past, 18th century. This disagreement between the two generations has not disappeared even now, in the 21st century.
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Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" is a satirical work that ridicules the mores of the aristocratic society of Moscow during the times of serfdom. After analyzing the work, you can find that Moliere’s play “The Misanthrope” served as a model for writing this comedy. Below is one of the options for analyzing comedy according to plan. This material can help you understand the meaning of “Woe from Wit,” highlight the main idea of the comedy, and draw the right conclusion when preparing for a literature lesson in 9th grade, and independently preparing for the Unified State Exam.
Brief Analysis
Year of writing – 1822-1824
History of creation– Griboedov’s desire to create a new direction in literature by combining different styles.
Subject– The problems of the comedy are varied, it raises many sensitive topics of that era, ridiculing veneration and grandeur before higher ranks, ignorance and hypocrisy. Serfdom, bureaucracy - all the pressing problems of that time are covered in one play.
Composition– The comedy consists of four acts, skillfully combined into a single script, where some appropriate intervals give the play a special rhythm and unique tempo. The action of the play moves progressively, in the fourth act the development accelerates, and rapidly moves towards the finale.
Genre- A play. Griboedov himself believed that the first writing of this work was more significant, but to stage it on stage, he had to simplify the comedy. According to critics, this is not just a comedy, but realistic sketches of ordinary social life, played on stage.
Direction– Classicism and realism. Griboyedov confidently introduced a bold realistic solution into the traditional classical direction, creating an unusual genre diversity.
History of creation
The history of the creation of “Woe from Wit” dates back to the period of the writer’s return from Persia to Tiflis; the initial version of the comedy was completed in Moscow. In Moscow, Griboedov had the opportunity to observe the mores of noble society, and the heroes of his work received realistic images. A bold idea of a socio-political nature embraces a whole generation of people of the era of the Decembrist movement.
Griboyedov was prompted to create just such a comedy by an incident that took place at one of the aristocratic receptions. The writer noticed with what servility and hypocrisy high society fawns over a representative of a foreign state. An ardent man with more progressive views on life, Griboyedov spoke sharply on this matter. The hypocritical guests reacted to the young writer’s statement with condemnation, quickly spreading rumors about his madness. Griboyedov decided to make fun of the generally accepted vices of society, the struggle between progressive and conservative views, and began work on the play.
Subject
In the comedy “Woe from Wit,” analysis of the work makes it possible to highlight many themes involved by the author. The topical problems of that era, raised by Griboedov, were met with hostility by the censorship. main topic“Woe from Wit” is the vices of society that have taken deep roots and bloom in full bloom. Hypocrisy and bureaucracy, arrogance and veneration, love for foreignness - all this takes place in Griboyedov’s play.
the main problem- this is a confrontation between “new” and “old” life, an eternal conflict of generations, where Famusov is a representative of the old way of life, and Chatsky is an adherent of new views.
In this and meaning of the name“Woe from Wit” - at that time a man of progressive views, striving for a new life, thinking broadly and comprehensively, for ordinary people, adhering to the old fashioned way, was a madman, a man with oddities. For the Famusovs and Mollins, such a representative, suffering from “grief from the mind,” is Chatsky, an intelligent and passionate man of the new generation.
Herself idea The play is already contained in its title. Chatsky's progressive views do not correspond to the generally accepted norms of the conservative nobility, and society accuses him of madness. It is easier to be accused of insanity than to change your quiet, philistine life in accordance with the new trends of the times, because this will affect not only everyone’s personal world, but also society as a whole, affecting many other areas of life. It will be necessary to reconsider national-cultural, everyday, and political issues, and change the entire structure of life.
Composition
The peculiarity of the composition of the text of Griboedov's play lies in its holistic completeness. Confident and bold presentation of actions, vivid images, parallel and symmetrical development of two storylines, public and personal - in general, all this results in a single, dynamic script.
Dividing the play into four actions, was Griboyedov’s innovation in the creation of this genre. The rejection of the generally accepted mechanism for creating a play, the novelty of presenting the material - all this shocked the audience, and made Griboedov’s work immortal.
The compositional features of the play caused an unfriendly attitude from critics, and these same features revealed in the author a great talent for poetic skill.
Main characters
Genre
It is impossible to define the genre of “Woe from Wit” in one word. The opinions of critics, given the genre uniqueness of the work, largely differ in their assessment of it. Griboedov's plays can be classified as both comedy and drama, but the general essence of the work does not change. Social and love conflicts run parallel to each other, they are closely interconnected, and do not lead to a logical conclusion. In both conflicts, each side of the opposing forces remains with its own opinion, without finding understanding on the part of the opponent. The development of two conflicts at once does not fit into the framework of traditional classicism, and the play, along with it, has a pronounced realistic beginning.
Griboyedov's play is one of the most quoted works of Russian classics, phrases from which have become catchphrases and scattered throughout the world, without losing their relevance to this day.
Work test
Rating Analysis
Average rating: 4.7. Total ratings received: 5388.
Although there are hunters everywhere,
Yes, laughter is scary these days
And keeps shame in check.
A. Griboyedov
The meaning of the comedy “Woe from Wit,” I believe, is to show the spirit of Moscow at that time, its morals. The comedy unfolds as a confrontation between two forces: the old world of aristocrats, who do not want to leave the stage of life, and the new generation of progressive-minded people of Russia.
The clash between Chatsky and Famusov is inevitable, because the old aristocrats do not like change, they are used to living and living out their lives in a way that is convenient for them. The life of society in this sense is of little interest to them.
Famusov immediately felt that with Chatsky’s arrival various troubles and disturbances in order would begin, although he did not yet know about his views. The young, strong, blossoming principle in a person in itself gives people like Famusov a reason for concern. And what can we say about the reaction to Chatsky’s bold judgments?
The world that Famusov so diligently protects from external influences is a complete lie of relationships and depressing immorality. Sophia hides her poetic feelings for Molchalin, fearing that they will not be understood. And Molchalin, in turn, pretends to be in love.
At Famusov’s balls, the spirit of swagger and arrogance reigns. The Tugoukhovsky princes, for example, are deaf to everything in the world except wealth and titles.
There is a chill of caution and hostility towards each other in the relations between the guests.
Naturally, Chatsky, having found himself in such an environment, fell into melancholy and boredom. Even falling in love with Sophia did not help him cheer up at all. He leaves, but his love for Sophia and his homeland still brings him back to Moscow, already energetic and full of creative aspirations. But new disappointments await him: no one needs his energy and noble impulses in Famusov’s Moscow. Love also fails: after a conversation with Famusov, Chatsky has suspicions that he dreams of giving Sophia for General Skalozub. Yes, Chatsky himself, gradually getting to know Sophia, becomes disappointed in her. He notices that she sees the world distorted. Hearing how admiringly she speaks about Molchalin, Chatsky is convinced that she does not understand his true essence at all. He asks her: “But does he have that passion? That feeling? That ardor? So that, except for you, the whole world seems like dust and vanity to him?” Then he adds: “And Skalozub! What a sight for sore eyes!..”
But Sophia felt neither caution nor irony in his words. She replies: “The hero is not my novel.”
Chatsky is tormented by the thought of how such an intelligent girl could fall in love with the scoundrel Molchalin, a self-interested man and a sycophant:
With such feelings, with such a soul We love!
Liar, she laughed at me!
At the end, when everything is finally revealed, Chatsky admits to himself that he was bitterly deceived in Sophia;
Why did they lure me with hope?
Why didn't they tell me directly?
That you turned everything that happened into laughter?..
Here I am donated to!
But the sacrifice of love is not the greatest sacrifice in Chatsky’s life. Him, with the light hand of Sophia, who dropped: “Ah, Chatsky! You love to dress everyone up as jesters. Would you like to try it on yourself,” they declare him crazy, and this rumor quickly spreads throughout Moscow.
The meaning of the comedy, in my opinion, is that Chatsky, despite his defeats and moral torment, did not retreat from loyalty to his ideals.
In Famusov’s house, he acts to the end as an exposer of its inhabitants, who are clinging to the past with all their might, trying to stop the passage of time.
