Proverbs with the name Sasha. Proverbs and sayings with people's names. Names of rivers in proverbs and sayings

proverbs and sayings with people's names

1. Fedot, but not the same one.
2. And Vaska listens and eats.
3. Meli Emelya, your week
4. Arinushka Marinushka is no worse.
   Annushka is a good daughter if her mother and grandmother praise her.
   Like Aksinya, so is Botvinya.
   Each Alenka praises her cow.
   Our Andrei is not a villain to anyone.
   Our Afonya in one robe both at the feast, and in the world, and at the windowsill.
   As Ananya is, so is Malanya.
   Neither in the city of Bogdan, nor in the village of Selivan.
   Varlam breaks in half, and Denis shares with everyone.
   Our Varvara does not like fish soup without fat.
   Every Grishka has his own affairs.
   Don't be proud, Gordey, you are no better than people.
   As Dema is, so is his home.
   Two Demids, but both cannot see.
   Dmitry and Boris fought over the garden
   Our Marya is your cousin Paraskovya.
   Sparrow Eremey will offend even a sparrow.
   Yegor talked all over the place, but everything was out of time.
   There is a saying for every Yegorka.
   Every Eremey understands himself.
   Efrem loves horseradish, and Fedka loves radish.
   All kinds of wood chips hit poor Zakhar.
   In people there is Ilya, and at home there are pigs.
   Our Ivan has no talent anywhere: he came to mass - mass went away, he came to lunch - they dined.
   Our Vanyukha has a pothole on the stove.
   When Ivashka has a white shirt, then Ivashka has a holiday.
   The filly runs, and Ivashka lies.
   Ivan was in the Horde, and Marya tells the news.
   Ivan plays the pipe, and Marya is dying of hunger.
   Ivan gets the glory, but Savva is to blame.
   Ipat made shovels, and Fedos went to sell.
   Katerina wanders to her feather bed.
   The princess has a prince, the cat has a kitten, and Katerina has her child (cuter)
   Rejoice Kiryushka, grandma will have a feast.
   Before, Kuzma dug vegetable gardens, but now Kuzma has become a governor.
   Klim smears the cart, goes to the Crimea along the turnip.
   Martyn does not wait for other people's fifty, Martin stands for his own altyn.
   As is Martyn, so is his altyn.
   You can't hit our Mina even with three clubs.
   Our Mishka does not take extra.
   Bow to Makar, and Makar to seven sides.
   For every Makar there is his own Khavronya.
   Lazy Mikishka has no time for books.
   As is Malanya, so are her pancakes.
   Grandfather Mosey loves fish without bones.
   Maxim was warming himself near the aspen trees.
   Don’t brag, Nastya: I was a little tense, and even then I lost it.
   Not every Nahum will guide the mind.
   Our Naum is on his own: to listen, he listens, but the knower slurps cabbage soup.
   Nesterok’s husband, and six children, we’re afraid to steal, we’re lazy to work - how can you tell us to live here?
   People are from the market, and Nazar is at the market.
   Each Nikita is busy with his belongings.
   Our Obrosim was thrown into God knows where.
   And our Olena became neither a peahen nor a crow.
   Okulina cooked up and scolded about Peter.
   Every Paul has his own truth.
   So-and-so Panteley, but together it’s more fun.
   Not everything is in Potap's favor.
   Our Pakhom is familiar with Moscow.
   Like the crotch, so is the hat he wears.
   Hood Roman when your pocket is empty.
   Savva ate the lard, wiped himself off, locked himself up, and said: I haven’t seen him.
   Such is Savva, such is his glory.
   Just as Senyushka has two money, so Semyon and Semyon, and Senyushka has no money - nothing worth it - Semyon.
   Every Semyon is smart to himself.
   According to Senka - a hat, according to Eremka - a cap, and according to Ivashka - a shirt.
   And you can see from his face that his name is Sazon.
   One says about Taras, and the other: one and a half hundred devils.
   Not every Taras is good at singing along.
   Our Taras is no worse than you.
   Ulyana woke up neither late nor early - everyone was leaving work, and she was right there.
   Lakoma Ustinha to botvinha.
   They gave Fedyushka money, but he also asks for altyn.
   They sent Philip along the linden tree, but he was dragging the alder tree.
   And Philip is glad that the pie is big.
   Fedot plows with his mouth open, but the needle is of no use.
   There is neither honey from stone nor offspring from Fofan.
   Our Thaddeus - neither for himself nor for people.
   Our Filat is never to blame.
   Thekla prayed, but God did not insert the glass.
   If you loved to joke about Foma, love yourself too.
   People are like people, and Thomas is like a demon.
   As misfortunes overwhelm Thomas, so people will abandon Thomas.
   Don’t beat Foma for Eremin’s guilt.
   As soon as Floriha comes to the end of her life, Floriha will also come to the point of desperation.
   Khariton came running from Moscow with news
   Yakov is glad that the pie is with poppy seeds.
5. Tell me proverbs and sayings with the name Anna
6. Masha is good, but not ours.

Give proverbs and sayings with proper names. a) Grishka b) Zakhar c) Semyon and got the best answer

Answer from Illusion(Lisa)[guru]
Stupid Avdey was stabbed in the neck.
The master of the house is like Adam in heaven.
There was kvass, but Vlas drank it, and it will reach the one who brewed it.
Our Grishka does not burp.
Danilo was really hammering, but the hammering went wrong.
Every Demid strives for himself.
Every Demid strives to himself.
Dmitry and Boris fought over the garden.
There is a saying for every Yegorka.
Emelya went, we still have a week to wait.
Ermoshka is rich: he has a goat and a cat.
Ermoshka is rich: he has a cat and a cat.
There was Ivan, but he became a fool, and it’s all his fault.
Ivan plays the pipe, and Marya tells the news.
Until they knew it, they called him Ivan, but when they found out, they called him a blockhead.
With a name - Ivan, and without a name - a blockhead.
In people there is Ilya, but at home there is a pig.
I went to Kirilo’s feast and was given a punch there.
Klim thinks he wants to cut a wedge.
In Makar's house there is a cat, a mosquito and a midge.
Yesterday Makar was digging ridges, and today Makar has become a governor.
Where does Makar drive his calves?
Maxim was basking in a circle of aspens.
Good Martin, if there is altyn.
Martin got his hands on the soap.
Hood Matvey, when he does not know how to treat guests.
Our Mishka does not take extra.
God is not Nikita, he will break the ties.
Each Nikita is busy with his belongings.

The truth went to Peter and Paul, but lies spread throughout the earth.
Hood Roman when your pocket is empty.
There was Savva, there was glory.
To the good Savva, kindness and glory.
There was money - the girls loved Senya, but when there was no money - the girls forgot Senya.
Every Semyon is smart to himself.
Our Sergunko is not squeamish - he eats gingerbread even if it is not written.
Styopka deftly built the stove: the chimney is high, and the smoke pulls into the gateway.
Our Taras is no worse than you.
Not every Taras is good at singing along.
Hungry Fedot wants empty cabbage soup.
Hungry Fedot is keen on turnips.
Fedot, but not the same one.
Filat Every Filat in his own way.
Uncle Filat gave a couple of ducklings: there they are, he says, flying.
Filya was strong - all his friends flocked to him, but trouble came - everyone left the yard.
They beat Foma for Eremin's guilt.
Foma has a great mind, but his sum is great.
Lie to someone who doesn’t know Thomas, and I’m his brother.
They talk about Thomas, and he talks about Yerema.
Good came to Foma, but went between his hands.
I am for Thomas, and he is for Yerema.
Every Yakov blathers to himself.
Yakov, Yakov! Not all of you would yakal.
Each Alenka praises her cow.
Don’t brag, Nastya: I was a little tense, and even then I lost it.
Nastya went through adversity.
Arinushka Marinushka is no worse.
Grandmother Varvara was angry with the world for three years; And so she died, so that the world did not recognize her.
I went to Varvara for reprisals.

For a prince - a princess, for a boyar - Marina, and for everyone - their own Katerina.
She did not grieve, did not cry - Martha went for Jacob.
Ulyana Ulyana woke up neither late nor early - everyone was leaving work, and she was right there.
Fedora is great and stupid.
Fedora is great, but the support is at an angle.
Source:

Answer from Alexey novikoff[guru]
Bring the sickle to sharpen for Zechariah. According to Senka and the hat. On Gregory the wind is from the south, leading to a thunderous summer.

Answer from 3 answers[guru]

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: Give proverbs and sayings with proper names. a) Grishka b) Zakhar c) Semyon

Introduction

Main part

1.1 Proverbs and sayings: history of origin, similarities and differences.

1.2 The role of a name in a person’s life and in Russian folklore.

2.1 Male and female names in proverbs and sayings.

3.1 Names of cities in proverbs.

4.1 Names of rivers in proverbs and sayings.

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

In literature lessons we studied the section “Oral Folk Art”. Since elementary school, I have been interested in the genre of proverbs and sayings. A name is one of the important components of a person’s life path. That is why I decided to take the topic “Proper names in Russian proverbs and sayings” for research.

Why do we even need proper names in proverbs? Let's take as an example the proverb: “Fedot is not the same.” Is this what they say about a person who can’t do anything? Or about a person who lies a lot? Is the name Fedot used for rhyming? (Fedot is not the same).

The purpose of the study is to find out what is the role of proper names in Russian proverbs and sayings.

Research objectives:

Define the concepts “proverb” and “saying”.

From a huge number of Russian proverbs and sayings, make a selection with proper names found in them.

Find out why male and female names are needed in proverbs and sayings.

Analyze proper names denoting the names of cities and rivers.

Object of study - Russian proverbs and sayings

The subject of the study is proper names (male and female names, names of rivers and cities).

Research methods - reading educational, popular science and reference literature; searching for information in global computer networks; analysis; etymological analysis; generalization and systematization.

Main part

Proverbs and sayings: history of origin, similarities and differences.

Oral folk art, or folklore, was born in ancient times, in the preliterate era. In the countless works of nameless authors, who for centuries composed and retold epics and legends, fairy tales and parables, lullabies and laments, nursery rhymes and carols and many other works of different genres, amazing talent, true wisdom, humanity and beauty, mischief and good humor of the people are forever captured. . It is not for nothing that the living roots of folklore nourished the work of such masters of words as Pushkin and Lermontov, Nekrasov and Tolstoy, and continue to infuse a living stream into the language of modern writers.

Proverbs and sayings are considered one of the most popular small genres of folklore. They are usually placed side by side, although there are clear differences between them.

Proverbs are short folk sayings applied to various life phenomena. They arose during the primitive communal system, long before the appearance of the first literary monuments. Since they were passed on from mouth to mouth, their main feature was the accuracy and conciseness of their content. To convey the necessary information, the authors of proverbs had to be extremely careful in choosing certain words.

Usually a proverb consists of two or three parts. The first part contains an apt description of a phenomenon or object, and the second contains an expressive assessment of it. Most often, a proverb has a double meaning: direct and figurative. The direct meaning is associated with a specific observation and its assessment, the hidden meaning reflects the centuries-old experience of the people, therefore, in some cases, the proverb must be solved in the same way as the riddle: “Know your cricket.”

The source of proverbs can be not only everyday colloquial speech, but also literary works. Thus, in A.S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit,” according to researchers, there are approximately 60 expressions that have become proverbs.

The first proverbs appeared a long time ago. They were formed by ordinary Russian people. Many of the proverbs were used in ancient chronicles and works. One of the first collections of proverbs was compiled by Aristotle. In Russia, collections of proverbs appeared at the end of the 17th century and almost immediately began to be published. The most famous collection, “Proverbs of the Russian People,” containing more than 25,000 texts, was compiled by V. I. Dahl.

A proverb is a phrase that reflects a phenomenon in life, often of a humorous nature. A distinctive feature is the combination of brevity and vividness of the assessment or description. Unlike a proverb, it does not contain a general instructive meaning and is not a complete sentence. A saying can usually replace a word. For example: “He doesn’t knit” instead of “drunk”, “I didn’t invent gunpowder” instead of “fool”.

Unlike proverbs, many sayings came into everyday speech from literary works and began an independent life as a folklore genre.

Sometimes they completely lose touch with the works from which they came. Here, for example, is the expression “from the ship to the ball.” All reference books indicate that its source is a novel in verse by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". Meanwhile, it was known in Russian back in the 18th century, since it appeared during the reign of Peter I and had already become a proverb. It was in this meaning that A.S. Griboedov used it in the comedy “Woe from Wit.”

Some proverbs and sayings appeared in connection with historical events. Thus, the times of the Tatar-Mongol invasion, the events of the Russian-Swedish war of the early 18th century, the Patriotic War with Napoleon, the civil war of the early 20th century, and the Great Patriotic War with Nazi Germany were reflected in popular sayings.

Some proverbs and sayings come from works of Russian folklore - songs, fairy tales, riddles, legends, anecdotes. For example, proverbs and sayings came from fairy tales: “The beaten one carries the unbeaten,” “Soon the fairy tale is told, but not soon the deed is done.” Some proverbs originated from church books. For example, the saying from the Bible “The Lord gave, the Lord and the father” was translated into Russian: “God gave, God took away.”

What is the main difference between a proverb and a saying?

So, a proverb is a whole sentence, and a saying is just a phrase or phrase. This is the main feature that distinguishes proverbs from sayings.

The proverb contains moral teaching, morality, instruction. A saying is simply an eloquent expression that can be easily replaced with other words.

For example:

"Small spool but precious". (Proverb) “Small but bold.” (Proverb)

“If you don’t know the ford, don’t poke your nose into the water” (Proverb) “Stay with your nose” (Proverb)

During the research, we noticed that proverbs and sayings are often confused. The title says: “Proverbs and sayings,” but the text itself contains only proverbs. In order not to confuse them, you need to know the definition of these terms.

1.2. The role of a name in human life and in Russian folklore.

Proverbs and sayings are perhaps the first brilliant manifestations of the creativity of the people. The ubiquity of proverbs is striking - they touch all objects, invade all areas of human existence. Folk art also paid attention to the “nominal” theme.

Our name is both the history of the Russian people and an integral part of the Russian language. The role of a name in a person’s life is very great. Everyone can be called only by name, so all his good or bad deeds are made public thanks to his name. Names have played a significant role in communication between people in all eras. People's personal names are part of history and universal human culture, since they reflect the life, aspirations, fantasy and artistic creativity of peoples.

Poetic creativity, represented by proverbs and sayings, truly reflects the original, rich mind of the Russian people, their experience, views on life, nature, and society. In oral language creativity, the people captured their customs and morals, hopes, high moral qualities, national history and culture. Thus, rhyming sayings with names that have become a permanent characteristic are very popular: Alekha is not a catch; Andrey the mouthy man; Afonka-quiet, Fedul pouted his lips; Filat is not to blame, etc. Proverbs and sayings are applied in life to a specific situation and to a specific person who has his own name, which does not coincide with the name in the proverb. It is through this collision of two names - real and “unreal” - that a generalization is achieved. Thus, a proverbial name is a generalization of the characteristic properties of a person.

2.1. Male and female names in proverbs and sayings.

We studied 220 proverbs and sayings with proper names. They can be divided into 3 groups:

1) Personal male and female names.

2) Names of cities

3) Names of rivers.

The first group includes 170 proverbs and sayings with male and female names. Of the 170 proverbs, there were 129 with male names. The most common name was Thomas. It has been used 15 times.

In proverbs and sayings, the name Thomas was given to indicate such character traits as stupidity (They talk about Thomas, and he talks about Yerema), stubbornness (Erema into the water, Thomas to the bottom: both are stubborn, they have never been from the bottom.), inattention ( I went to see Foma, but stopped at my godfather's), irresponsibility (They beat Foma for Eremin's guilt), absent-mindedness (Goodness came to Foma, but went between the hands), laziness (Who cares, but Foma cares), inadequacy (People are like people , and Foma is like a demon), self-criticism (He loved to joke about Foma, so love yourself.) and a person with a memorable appearance (They know Foma in the matting aisle).

This name was very popular in the 19th - early 20th centuries, especially in the provinces and villages. Now the name is almost never used, probably because its sound energy is completely preserved in the Russian sound and amazingly accurately conveys the character of the Apostle Thomas, nicknamed the unbeliever.
Thomas - Holy Apostle, October 19 (6). Saint Thomas was a Galilean fisherman who followed the Lord Jesus Christ and became his disciple and apostle. According to the testimony of the Holy Scriptures, the Apostle Thomas did not believe the stories of other disciples about the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. On the eighth day after the Resurrection, the Lord appeared to the Apostle Thomas and showed his wounds, after which the apostle, convinced of the truth of the Holy Resurrection of Christ, exclaimed: “My Lord and my God.” According to church tradition, Saint Thomas preached Christian

faith in Palestine, Mesopotamia, Parthia, Ethiopia and India. For the conversion of the son and wife of the ruler of the Indian city of Meliapora (Melipura) to Christ, the holy apostle was imprisoned, endured torture, and died, pierced by five spears.

In proverbs, the Russian people represent Thomas as a simpleton, a stupid and lazy person.

In second place is the name Eremey, used 13 times. In the text the name was used in an abbreviated form: Erema, Ermoshka.

The name Eremey has Hebrew roots and means “exalted by God.” The name was borrowed with the adoption of Christianity; it was adapted to the peculiarities of the phonetics of the Old Russian language. In a vast layer of proverbs, the name Eremey appears together with the name Thomas; These proverbs are reinterpretations of the folklore “Tale of Thomas and Erem” - a literary work of the 17th century.

Erema is the hero of a literary work, who tries his hand at different activities, tries to take on everything at once, but nothing works out. This is manifested in proverbs. “Erema, Erema, you should sit at home and sharpen the spindles.” “Erema, stay at home - the weather is bad.” “Every Eremey understands to himself: when to sow, when to reap, when to throw into haystacks.” These proverbs speak of the need for timeliness of certain actions.

And in this proverb, Erema is an envious person. “Ereme’s tears are flowing over someone else’s beer.”

Characters with the name Eremey in proverbs make up a portrait of a loser.

The third most popular name is Makar. The name is masculine, of Greek origin, translated as “blessed” or “happy.”

In the Christian naming book, the name Macarius is associated with several early Christian saints, among whom the most famous is Macarius the Great (IV century) - a hermit, author of several spiritual works. Macarius of Alexandria, who was his contemporary and friend, is also venerated among the saints. Macarius of Antioch was tortured and exiled during the reign of Julian the Apostate (361-363). Also known is the martyr Macarius, who was executed for professing Christianity in 311 under the emperor Galerius.

In proverbs and sayings, the name Makar appeared 9 times and was used to indicate the following character traits:

Luck. “Yesterday Makar was digging ridges, and today Makar has become a governor.” I believe that the proverb is related to the meaning of the name itself.

Makar is associated not only with luck, but also with misfortune. “All the cones are falling on poor Makar - both from the pines and the fir trees.” Similar to the story of the martyr Macarius.

“They will drive them to places where Makar never drove the calves.” Previously, cows and calves were grazed far away in meadows or fields. That is, very far away, where the calves were not driven.

Similar to the story of Macarius of Antioch, who was sent into exile.

“Bow to Makar, and Makar to seven directions.” This describes a case where a person becomes arrogant.

There are also proverbs that have the same meaning, but they use different names. “Ermoshka is rich: there is a goat and a cat.” “In Makar’s house there is a cat, a mosquito and a midge.” Proverbs indicate the poverty of the characters.

We examined another 43 male names: Vavila, Nikita, Ivan, Vlas, Philip, Peter, Pavel, Arseny, Ilya, Kuzma, Fedot, Isai, Gerasim, Danilo, Aksen, Demid, Klim, Filat, Mosey, Yakov, Avdey, Gregory , Maxim, Boris, Martyn, Savely, Andrey, Trifon, Nikola, Afonya, Anton, Pakhom, Taras, Kirilo, Avoska, Nesterka, Egor, Sidor, Nazar, Styopa, Foka, Emelya, Sema, Fadey, Ipat and Trofim.

These male names appeared in proverbs and sayings from one to five times.

During the research process, we studied 41 proverbs and sayings with female names. Among them were Agrippina, Akulina, Antipa, Varvara, Mina, Katerina, Fedora, Ulita, Malanya, Gagula, Masha, Olena, Alena, Aksinya, Ustinya, Pelageya, Thekla. Some names are practically not used nowadays.

The full name Malanya Malanya is the most common name in proverbs and sayings with female personal names. Used 6 times. Translated from Greek, Malania means “dark, black.”

The origin of the name is associated with Ancient Greece, very common in English-speaking countries. It became widespread on the territory of the Slavic states back in the early Christian period.

Often, with age, admiration for talent and indulgence in the whims that took place in childhood contribute to the development of not the best qualities in the character of the adult Malania. She grows into a smug and self-centered woman, intolerant of the shortcomings of others. Malania's narcissism reaches the point of ridiculousness and sometimes confuses friends and acquaintances. She still plays to the public, loves to laugh loudly, show emotions violently and attract attention to herself. I must say that Malania does this quite well.

These character qualities are used in proverbs and sayings. For example: “Dress up like Malanya for a wedding.” “They gave pancakes to hungry Malanya, but she said: they weren’t baked well.”

In proverbs, Malanya is a picky and selfish girl.

The second most frequently used name is Akulina. Also used in abbreviated form: Shark and Akulka.

Akulina has straightforwardness and firmness. Usually such a woman is very purposeful, energetic, and knows how to stand up for herself. Doesn't like to cry and complain about life.

I think this description is more suitable for a man. This can be seen in the proverb. “If I weren’t a great guy, they would have called me Akulka.”

Despite such tough character traits, they felt pity for her.

“It’s a pity for Akulin, but send him raspberries.” Because raspberries were picked in the forest, and they were very prickly.

The remaining female names were used once each, except for five names: Antipa, Varvara, Mina, Katerina and Fedora, which we met twice each.

3.1. Names of cities in proverbs.

The second group includes 43 proverbs and sayings with names of cities. In the process of research, we came across sayings and proverbs mentioning cities such as Moscow and Kyiv. St. Petersburg, Kazan, Ryazan, Tula, Rostov, Tver, Yaroslavl.

The most common proper name was the capital of Russia - Moscow. This name appeared 25 times.

“In Moscow you will find everything except father and mother”

“In Moscow, if you take care of your money, you can’t take care of yourself.”

“You can’t bow to everyone in Moscow”

“And you’ll put on a new scarf, but half of Moscow won’t see it.”

“Moscow doesn’t believe in tears, give it a job.”

“For thanks, my godfather went to Moscow.”

“For the sake of the saying, the man walked to Moscow on foot.”

“Moscow is miles away, but close to my heart”

In proverbs, Moscow is represented as a large, majestic city. She is far away, but people still remember and respect her. It’s not for nothing that they say: “Moscow is the mother of all cities.” This is probably why Moscow was included in proverbs with other cities.

"Kazan-town - Moscow corner"

"Yaroslavl - a town - a corner of Moscow."

“Moscow hits from the toe, and Peter wiped his sides.”

Often the name of the city serves to indicate the advantages of each region:

“They don’t go to Tula with their own samovar”

“Kazan boasts sturgeon, Siberia boasts of sables”

“Kashira covered everyone with matting, and Tula shod them in bast shoes.”

Names of rivers in proverbs and sayings

In the third group, 7 proverbs with such proper names as the names of rivers were studied. In most cases, the Volga River was found.

“Every country has its own national river. Russia has the Volga - the largest river in Europe, the queen of our rivers - and I hastened to bow to her majesty the Volga River!” - Alexander Dumas wrote about the great Russian river. The main nurse and water provider of European Russia, including Moscow. One of the truly Russian natural wonders is the great Volga River. One of the largest and most beautiful rivers in Europe, it is especially loved by the Russian people. Mother Volga - this is how it is affectionately called not only in Russia.

More than half of Russia's industrial enterprises are concentrated in the Volga basin. And almost half of the food needed by our population is produced on the Volga region.

And she really is the queen of the rivers. Power and grandeur, the fabulous beauty of the surrounding nature and rich history glorified the Volga throughout the world even in ancient times.

Probably because of its great glorification, the Volga River was most often used by people in proverbs and sayings.

“The Volga is the mother river of everyone”

“There is a lot of water on the Volga, but there is also a lot of trouble”

“What’s not for the Volga, then everything is for the Volga”

“When the Volga flows up”

“When there is nothing to pay the debt, one will go to the Volga”

“Mother Volga bends your back, but gives you money”

The last two proverbs say that working on the river provides an opportunity to earn money; the Volga-nurse will not let you die of hunger.

The name Volga is also used to compare with the Danube River.

“The Volga is a long sail, but the Danube is wide.” This proverb speaks of the length of the Volga and the breadth of the Danube.

Conclusion

Having analyzed groups of proverbs and sayings that include proper names, we can draw the following conclusions:

All analyzed names used in proverbs and sayings had Hebrew, Greek or Latin roots and were subject to adaptation of the phonetics of the Old Russian language.

Proverbs and sayings reflect the life of the people and historical events: “I went to Thomas, but stopped at my godfather”, “Seven will go - they will take Siberia.”

Each name in a proverb or saying denotes its own character and is used to ridicule shortcomings, compare different character traits, or indicate a person’s merits.

Men's names are used to ridicule shortcomings: “Stupid Avdei was stabbed in the neck,” “Goodness came to Thomas, but went between his hands”; to show pity: “Filya was strong - all his friends came to him, but trouble came - everyone left the yard,” “All the cones fell on poor Makar - from the pines and fir trees”; to indicate positive character traits: “To the good Savva, goodness and glory.”

In proverbs and sayings with female names, people most often make fun of the heroines: “And our Olena became neither a peahen nor a crow,” “Grandmother Varvara was angry with the world for three years; That’s why she died because the world didn’t recognize her.”

The most common male names were Foma: “Who cares what, but Foma cares about the pipe”; Eremey: “Every Eremey understands himself”; Makar: “Makar went into the hut where the calves are grazed”; female names: Akulina: “It’s a pity for Akulina, but send raspberries”; Malanya: “Dress up like Malanya for a wedding.”

In proverbs and sayings, the paired use of proper names is often found: “Malashka has lambs, and Foma has two bags,” “Own, Fadey, crooked Natalya.”

Proper names can be used in proverbs and sayings for rhyme: “Ananya and Malanya, Thomas and godfather, and they took their place.” (Ananya - Malanya, Foma - godfather); “Let’s take it and paint it, and Gerasim will come out” (let’s paint it - Gerasim).

The names of cities are used to indicate any shortcomings of the city: “To wander to Moscow is to carry your last penny.” But most often the advantages are emphasized: “Kashira covered everyone with matting, and Tula shod in bast shoes,” “Kyiv is the mother of Russian cities,” “Mother Moscow is white-stone, golden-domed, hospitable, Orthodox, talkative”; or for comparison: “Moscow hits from the toe, and St. Petersburg wiped its sides,” “Kazan - with sturgeon, Siberia boasts of sables.”

The name of the city Moscow appears most often - 28 times. The proverbs emphasize the magnitude of Moscow: “You can’t bow down to everyone in Moscow,” “Our town is a corner of Moscow,” “Yaroslavl is a town – a corner of Moscow.”

In proverbs with names of rivers, the name Volga appeared the greatest number of times - 7 times.

1. Bibliography
2. Anikin V., Selivanov F., Kirdan B. Russian proverbs and sayings. - M.: “Fiction”, 1988.- 431 p.
3. Zarakhovich I., Tubelskaya G., Novikova E., Lebedeva A. 500 riddles, sayings, counting rhymes, nursery rhymes. - M.: “Baby”, 2013.- 415 p.
4. Zimin V., Ashurova S., Shansky V., Shatalova Z. Russian proverbs and sayings: educational dictionary. - M.: Shkola - Press, 1994. - 320 p.
5. Kovaleva S. 7000 golden proverbs and sayings. - M.: AST Publishing House LLC, 2003. - 479 p.
6. Rose T. Large explanatory dictionary of proverbs and sayings of the Russian language for children. Edition 2 revised. - M.: OLMA Media Group, 2013. -224 p.

List of Internet resources

1. http://riddle-middle.ru/pogovorki_i_poslovicy/
2. http://znachenie-