The clash between Bazarov and Kirsanov. Is it possible to unequivocally say that ideological differences lie at the heart of the conflict between Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov? based on the novel Fathers and Sons (I. S. Turgenev). Pavel Petrovich - proud military man

The conflict between fathers and children is an eternal and universal problem, but in specific historical conditions it acquires special facets. Roman I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons", written during a period of profound historical changes associated with the reform of 1861, shows that in Russia at that time the problem of fathers and sons was embodied in the confrontation between old and new ideological, socio-political and moral-philosophical positions. On the one hand, this is the generation of “fathers”, to which the noble liberals belonged, on the other hand, the generation of “children” that is replacing it, that is, new, democratically minded youth who denied everything that was connected with the old world. A dispute of socio-historical generations is unfolding before us.

The novel “Fathers and Sons” exposes the social antagonism of the positions of the democrat, nihilist Bazarov and the aristocrat, liberal Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. The liberal program, the main defender of which is Kirsanov Sr., is based on the ideas of dignity and integrity, self-respect, and honor. The nihilist Bazarov, proclaiming the idea of “complete and merciless negation,” believes that the existing world must be destroyed in order to then carry out radical transformations. Nihilism, according to Turgenev, challenges the eternal values of the spirit and the natural foundations of life, and this cannot but cause concern.

From this point of view, the generational conflict takes on a completely different semantic connotation. Turgenev shows not only the differences, but also certain similarities between the antagonistic heroes, revealing the destructive sides of both Kirsanov’s conservatism and Bazarov’s nihilism. With the beginning of the Bazarov-Odintsov love line, the problem of fathers and children moves to the moral and philosophical level. The former Bazarov, a convinced denier of the “secrets of existence,” no longer exists. Like Pavel Petrovich, who also failed in love, Bazarov is immersed in reflection on these secrets and also turns out to be a stranger to ordinary life, an “extra person.” Now the socio-historical positions of the antagonist heroes are tested by eternal values: love, friendship, family, death.

Turgenev clearly demonstrates the idea that any extremes are destructive. Having lost all life connections, lost friendship, failed to find love, to restore a truly filial relationship with his parents, Bazarov dies. Pavel Petrovich also lives out his life alone. But the ending of the novel is open: the picture depicting Bazarov’s death is followed by a short epilogue, which reports on how the fates of other heroes work out. It turns out that life goes on where there is no gap between fathers and children, where different generations find a way to mutual understanding. These are the families of Arkady and Katya, Nikolai Petrovich and Fenechka. This means that the eternal conflict between fathers and children can still have a positive solution.

What are Evgeny Bazarov and P.P. arguing about? Kirsanov in Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”

Turgenev began work on the novel in early August 1860, and finished it in July 1861. “Fathers and Sons” appeared in the February book of the Russian Bulletin magazine for 1862.

Turgenev based the novel on the conflict between noble liberalism and revolutionary democracy during the abolition of serfdom.

There have always been various differences between the older and younger generations. This can be explained by the fact that over time the situation changes, affecting a person’s further attitude towards life and the formation of his character. Often older people are unable or unwilling to understand new views and ways of life. Sometimes this misunderstanding develops into hostility. It is this enmity that we can see on the pages of this novel.

Pavel Petrovich is a typical representative of noble liberalism. He is smart, honest, and noble in his own way. Pavel Petrovich follows the old principles in everything. People considered him a little self-confident, mocking, and he was distinguished by remarkable beauty.

In his youth, Pavel Petrovich was a secular official, he was carried in his arms, and he also spoiled himself a little. I think Pavel Petrovich can well be called a sybarite, that is, a person spoiled by luxury.

Turgenev classifies Bazarov as one of the revolutionary democratic figures. He is smart, has a good education, and is interested in natural sciences. Bazarov is young, full of energy, he is bored where he is not busy with anything. Unlike Sitnikov, Bazarov is not ashamed of his origin.

Whatever the conversation between Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov is about, they almost never find a common language.

Pavel Petrovich respects people with certain principles in life, believing that only empty and immoral people live without them. Bazarov calls the word “principle” an empty, foreign, unnecessary word.

Their attitudes towards the Russian people are also different. Pavel Petrovich reproaches Bazarov for contempt for the people, but Evgeny asserts: “... well, if he deserves contempt!”, although he often emphasizes his connection with the people: “My grandfather plowed the land,” proves that he knows and understands the people much better, than Kirsanov.

The characters' views on art and literature are opposite. Pavel Petrovich approves of the works of artists and writers, and Bazarov with his phrases: “Raphael is not worth a penny!” and “a decent chemist is twenty times more useful than any writer” knocks Kirsanov down on the spot.

Many disagreements can be found in the conversation between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich. It is these differences that completely pit the heroes against each other. Based on them, Bazarov is presented as a callous person, rude to art and literature, and self-confident.

The character of the hero is fully revealed only when he passes the test of love.

Pavel Petrovich loved one woman all his life - Princess R. But luck turned away from him, and his life did not work out in love, although love was of great importance in his life.

At the beginning of the novel, Bazarov disdains love, considering it stupidity; in his opinion, “it is better to be a stone on the pavement than to allow a woman to take possession of even the tip of her eye.” And yet he fell in love... Love for Odintsova awakened the other side of Bazarov - a passionate, kind, gentle man, inspired by love. Bazarov's true character is revealed in the scene of his death. In death he realizes what he could not realize during life.

I do not agree with Bazarov in his attitude towards literature, art, love. Although in other respects I share his views more than the views of Pavel Petrovich.

Bazarov is a man of action, and Kirsanov is a man of word. Russia, consisting only of the Kirsanovs, would develop for a very long time and one-sidedly. It is people like Bazarov that Russia needs for its development and prosperity. Turgenev said: “When such people are transferred, let the book of history be closed forever, there will be nothing to read in it.”

63711 people have viewed this page. Register or log in and find out how many people from your school have already copied this essay.

The strength and weakness of Bazarov’s position in the dispute with Pavel Petrovich (based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”).

/ Works / Turgenev I.S. / Fathers and sons / What Evgeny Bazarov and P.P. are arguing about. Kirsanov in Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”

See also the work "Fathers and Sons":

We will write an excellent essay according to your order in just 24 hours. A unique essay in a single copy.

Attention, TODAY only!

What is the essence of the conflict between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich? Is it possible to say unequivocally that the basis of their conflict lay and received the best answer?

Reply from Pashendri@[guru]
Turgenev began work on the novel in early August 1860, and finished it in July 1861. “Fathers and Sons” appeared in the February book of the Russian Bulletin magazine for 1862.
Turgenev based the novel on the conflict between noble liberalism and revolutionary democracy during the abolition of serfdom.
There have always been various differences between the older and younger generations. This can be explained by the fact that over time the situation changes, affecting a person’s further attitude towards life and the formation of his character. Often older people are unable or unwilling to understand new views and ways of life. Sometimes this misunderstanding develops into hostility. It is this enmity that we can see on the pages of this novel.
Pavel Petrovich is a typical representative of noble liberalism. He is smart, honest, and noble in his own way. Pavel Petrovich follows the old principles in everything. People considered him a little self-confident, mocking, and he was distinguished by remarkable beauty.
In his youth, Pavel Petrovich was a secular official, he was carried in his arms, and he also spoiled himself a little. I think Pavel Petrovich can well be called a sybarite, that is, a person spoiled by luxury.
Turgenev classifies Bazarov as one of the revolutionary democratic figures. He is smart, has a good education, and is interested in natural sciences. Bazarov is young, full of energy, he is bored where he is not busy with anything. Unlike Sitnikov, Bazarov is not ashamed of his origin.
Whatever the conversation between Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov is about, they almost never find a common language.
Pavel Petrovich respects people with certain principles in life, believing that only empty and immoral people live without them. Bazarov calls the word “principle” an empty, foreign, unnecessary word.
Their attitudes towards the Russian people are also different. Pavel Petrovich reproaches Bazarov for contempt for the people, but Evgeny asserts: “... well, if he deserves contempt!” , although he often emphasizes his connection with the people: “My grandfather plowed the land,” he proves that he knows and understands the people much better than Kirsanov.
The characters' views on art and literature are opposite. Pavel Petrovich approves of the works of artists and writers, and Bazarov with his phrases: “Raphael is not worth a penny! “and “a decent chemist is twenty times more useful than any writer” knocks Kirsanov down on the spot.
Many disagreements can be found in the conversation between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich. It is these differences that completely pit the heroes against each other. Based on them, Bazarov is presented as a callous person, rude to art and literature, and self-confident.
The character of the hero is fully revealed only when he passes the test of love.
Pavel Petrovich loved one woman all his life - Princess R. But luck turned away from him, and his life did not work out in love, although love was of great importance in his life.
At the beginning of the novel, Bazarov neglects love, considering it stupidity; in his opinion, “it is better to be a stone on the pavement than to allow a woman to take possession of even the tip of her eye.” And yet he fell in love... Love for Odintsova awakened the other side of Bazarov - a passionate, kind, gentle man, inspired by love. Bazarov's true character is revealed in the scene of his death. In death he realizes what he could not realize during life.
I do not agree with Bazarov in his attitude towards literature, art, love. Although in other respects I share his views more than the views of Pavel Petrovich.
Bazarov is a man of action, and Kirsanov is a man of word. Russia, consisting only of the Kirsanovs, would develop for a very long time and one-sidedly. It is people like Bazarov that Russia needs for its development and prosperity. Turgenev said: “When such people are transferred, let the book of history be closed forever, there will be nothing to read in it.”
source...

The purpose of the lesson: to create conditions for understanding what is presented in the novel by I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" of the conflict of two generations as a reflection of the socio-political struggle of the 60s of the 19th century, understanding the essence of ideological differences between the main characters: E. Bazarov and P.P. Kirsanov, to contribute to the rethinking of the concept of “man and era”. This lesson uses differentiated learning technology. To create a situation of success, students are offered tasks of two levels: “4” and “5”. The student, exercising his right to choose, chooses independently the task that he can successfully complete.

Download:

Preview:

LITERATURE LESSON IN 10TH GRADE

Subject: Evgeny Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov - conflict of generations

Or a conflict of ideologies? (Based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons.”)

Target: Create conditions for understanding what is presented in the novel by I.S.

Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" of the conflict of two generations as a reflection

Social and political struggle of the 60s of the XIX century, understanding

The essence of ideological differences between E. Bazarov and P.P.

Kirsanov, to help rethink the concept of “man and

Epoch".

During the classes:

I. Organizational moment. Psychological mood of students.

II. Teacher's opening speech. State the topic and purpose of the lesson.

Fathers and sons... These two words contain the meaning of one of the eternal themes of art, the eternal problems with which human society has been occupied throughout its entire development.

Time moves, people change, one generation is replaced by another, the “present century” stands on the threshold of the “past century,” and yet this problem remains insoluble. But at different times it either intensifies or weakens.

In an era of social upheaval, in the process of revaluation of values by the new generation, too much of what the “fathers” accumulated is sometimes, unfortunately, lost. But only a deep spiritual connection with the past gives humanity a future.

Having read and comprehended the novel by I.S. Turgenev’s “Fathers and Sons”, we will understand the contradictions of the era of the 60s of the 19th century, and at the same time we will enrich ourselves with experience and knowledge that will help us navigate our era.

Today the topic of our lesson is: “Evgeny Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov - a conflict of generations or a conflict of ideologies? (Based on the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons.”).”

Our goal: to understand why between Bazarov and P.P. Kirsanov has disagreements about what the essence of these disagreements is; find out what is the nature of the conflict presented on the pages of the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons".

III. Individual student message.

Historical information about the era of the late 50s - early 60s of the 19th century.

Let's see what the historical content of the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons".

Roman I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" was written in 1861. the events described in this work take place from 1855 to 1861. It was a difficult period for Russia. In 1855, the war lost by Russia with Turkey ended. This shameful defeat showed the backwardness of Russia both militarily and economically in a collision with more advanced capitalist states, and exposed the main reason for the country's powerlessness - serfdom.

The most important event in domestic politics also took place: a change of reign. Nicholas I died, his death ended the era of repression, the era of suppression of public liberal thought. During the reign of Alexander II, the education of various segments of the population flourished in Russia. The commoners become a real social force, while the aristocracy loses its leading role.

Of course, the education that commoners received was fundamentally different from that of the nobility. Aristocratic youth studied “for themselves,” that is, it was education in the name of education itself. The commoners had neither the money nor the time for such a luxury as broadening their horizons. They needed to get a profession that would feed them. For revolutionary-minded youth, the task became somewhat more complicated. Their business was supposed to not only ensure their existence, but also bring real benefits to people. Any pursuit of science and scientific creativity should have both theoretical and practical results. This focus on the quickly achievable practical effect of scientific activity determined a narrow range of specialties that were predominantly chosen by commoners. These were mainly natural sciences. The fascination with them is also explained by the fact that the “religion” of the revolutionary-democratic youth became materialism, and in its lowest manifestation - vulgar materialism, which completely denied the entire spiritual world of man.

The 60s of the 19th century were a period of turning point in the social consciousness of Russia, when noble liberalism was supplanted by revolutionary democratic thinking.

“Fathers and Sons” is a brilliant example of the close connection between literature and social life, an example of the writer’s ability to respond in artistic form to current phenomena of our time.

IV. Work on new material.

Let us trace how the features of this era were reflected in the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". As usual, I offer you questions of varying degrees of difficulty. and you choose for yourself those that you can complete.

1. Let’s find out what first impressions the heroes had with each other and why.

“4” How do the heroes see each other?

(Description of the portrait of Bazarov (chapter II), P.P. Kirsanov (chapter IV)

“5” What does a description of appearance provide for understanding a person’s character?

(Bazarov’s smile reveals irony and calmness, self-confidence and intelligence are visible in his face, masculinity is felt in his voice. His clothes expose his democracy and simplicity of habits, his naked red hands testify to the whole fate of a person - harsh and laborious. The fact that this is not a nobleman , and a man of a different circle, Pavel Petrovich immediately saw that “Hairy”, as Pavel Petrovich called Bazarov, at that time were commoners, plebeians, hated by the nobles.

In the portrait of Pavel Petrovich one can immediately feel his aristocracy, sophistication of tastes, desire for dandyism and the bileness (irritability, anger) of his character. The archaic and meaningless nature of aristocracy immediately catches the eye.

Pavel Petrovich is a man of the old world, an “archaic phenomenon” - Bazarov saw this. A democrat, a nihilist, and even with self-respect - this, in turn, was understood by Kirsanov.)

“4” How do the characters’ impressions of each other appear?

(Through the statements of the heroes and their behavior (chap. IV, V, VI, X). Bazarov’s firmness and harshness is expressed in the statement: “An archaic phenomenon.” Pavel Petrovich’s observations of Bazarov, made immediately, lead to the coldness of Pavel Petrovich’s greeting: “ Pavel Petrovich slightly bent his flexible figure and smiled slightly, but did not offer his hand and even put it back in his pocket.” Pavel Petrovich hated Bazarov.)

“5” Why did you have such impressions about each other?

(Bazarov and Kirsanov belong to different generations; they are people different in their social status and psychological makeup; for all their restraint, an open ideological conflict must inevitably arise between them.)

2. How did the clash between the heroes brew?

(An excerpt from Chapter X is read.)

3. We analyze the dispute between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov in Chapter X.

But first, let's pay attention to words and expressions in the text that may not be clear to you.

Vocabulary work

Principle – belief, way of looking at things.

Patriarchal –true to antiquity, outdated, traditional, conservative.

The Whistleblower - a person who sternly reproaches, exposes, revealing something unseemly and harmful.

“... our artists never set foot in the Vatican.” –The Vatican (the residence of the popes in Rome) has many museums with valuable monuments of art. Here we mean the Itinerant artists.

So, the dispute between the heroesin Chapter X it goes along 4 lines.

1. On the attitude towards the aristocracy and its principles.

2. On the principles of activity of nihilists.

3. About the attitude towards the Russian people.

4. About the attitude towards beauty.

1) What do each of the heroes see as the merits of the aristocracy?

Does Pavel Petrovich understand who won the argument?("He turned pale")

2) What does Pavel Petrovich reproach the nihilists for?

Do nihilists have principles?

3) What is the weak side of Bazarov’s political views?

4) What is the attitude of the heroes towards the people?

Which of the disputants “is a man more likely to recognize as a compatriot”? Prove this with the text of the novel.

(The attitude of the children (Chapter V), servants, Dunyasha, Fenechka towards Bazarov. “A brother of his, not a master,” is the conclusion of the peasants about Bazarov. For Pavel Petrovich, ordinary people are dirty men, without whom, however, one cannot do. That’s why he frowns and sniffs cologne when he talks to them. Ordinary people, including Fenechka, are afraid of Pavel Petrovich.)

In the speech of which of the heroes is the “national spirit” visible?

5) What is the difference between the characters’ views on art?

Is Bazarov right in his denial of art?

6) What is Bazarov’s attitude towards nature?

7) Do those arguing convince each other?

(“Bazarov, in my opinion, constantly breaks Pavel Petrovich, and not vice versa,” wrote I.S. Turgenev to one of his acquaintances. And these words of the writer expressed his understanding of the spiritual superiority of the democrat over the nobility.)

9) Let’s draw a conclusion: can these heroes live in peace and harmony? Can there be reconciliation and unity between them?

V. Vocabulary work.

Antagonism – irreconcilable contradiction.

Antagonist – irreconcilable enemy.

Ideology – a system of views, ideas that characterize a social group, class, political party, society.

VI. Consolidation.

1. Considering what you know about Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, compare their life positions.

1) Origin, social affiliation.

(Pavel Petrovich is the son of a general, in life he followed the beaten path, everything came easy to him. He belongs to the upper class.

Bazarov is the son of a district doctor, the grandson of a serf peasant. “My grandfather plowed the land,” the hero says proudly. He is a commoner, a native of the common people.)

2) Degree of education.

3) Lifestyle.

4) Beliefs.

(Bazarov is a man of strong democratic convictions. Pavel Petrovich does not have any convictions, they have been replaced by habits that he values. He habitually talks about the rights and duties of the aristocracy and, out of habit, proves in disputes the need for “principles.” He is accustomed to those ideas , on which society rests, and stands for these ideas as for his own comfort. He cannot stand for anyone to refute these concepts, although in essence he does not have any heartfelt affection for them.)

2. What is the meaning of comparing Bazarov with Pavel Petrovich?

(I.S. Turgenev put the democrat Bazarov with one of the best representatives of the noble class, showed the superiority of the democrat over the aristocrat and thereby expressed the idea of the insolvency of the nobility.)

VII. Generalization.

1. What is the essence of the disagreements between the heroes? What is this – a conflict of generations or a conflict of ideologies?

2. How was the socio-political struggle of the late 50s – early 60s of the 19th century reflected in the main conflict?

(I.S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” shows the struggle between the worldviews of two political directions in Russia in the second half of the 19th century - noble liberals and revolutionary democrats. The plot of the novel is built on the opposition of representatives of these directions - commoner Bazarov and nobleman Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. Turgenev poses questions that worried the progressive people of that time: what is the difference between revolutionary democrats and liberals, how to treat the people, work, science, art, what transformations are necessary in society, in what ways they can be achieved. Fathers and Sons" these questions are reflected in disputes, "fights" between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov.)

VIII. Homework.

Today in class we followed the development of the conflict of the novel in comparison with Bazarov and P.P. Kirsanov, they face another serious clash ahead. in the next lesson we will follow the development of Bazarov’s conflict with the world of the nobility. To do this, you need to read chapters XII – XIX and answer the questions:

“4” What kind of relationship did Bazarov have with Odintsova and why?

“5” How did Bazarov pass the “test of love”?

IX. Lesson summary.

Option 4 2012: 02/25/2012: 21.42

Option 2 2012: 02/25/2012: 21.42 Essays and Unified State Examination in Literature Essays Unified State Examination in Literature What is the main reason for the conflict between Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich in I. S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons”? Unified State Examination essays on literature

The conflict between fathers and children is an eternal and universal problem, but in specific historical conditions it acquires special facets. I. S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons,” written during a period of deep historical changes associated with the reform of 1861, shows that in Russia at that time the problem of fathers and children was embodied in the confrontation between old and new ideological, socio-political and moral-philosophical positions On the one hand, this is the generation of “fathers”, to which the noble liberals belonged, on the other hand, the generation of “children” that is replacing it, that is, the new, democratically minded youth, who denied everything that was connected with the old world. A social debate is unfolding before us. -historical generations.

The novel "Fathers and Sons" exposes the social antagonism of the positions of the democrat, nihilist Bazarov and the aristocrat, liberal Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. The liberal program, the main defender of which is Kirsanov Sr., is based on the ideas of dignity and rightness, self-respect, honor. The nihilist Bazarov, proclaiming the idea of "complete and merciless denial, believes that the existing world must be destroyed in order to then carry out fundamental changes. Nihilism, according to Turgenev, challenges the eternal values of the spirit and the natural foundations of life, and this cannot but cause concern.

From this point of view, the generational conflict takes on a completely different semantic connotation. Turgenev shows not only the differences, but also certain similarities between the antagonistic heroes, revealing the destructive sides of both Kirsanov’s conservatism and Bazarov’s nihilism. With the beginning of the Bazarov-Odintsov love line, the problem of fathers and children moves to the moral and philosophical level. The former Bazarov, a convinced denier of the “mysteries of existence, is no longer there. Like Bazarov, who also failed in love, Bazarov is immersed in reflection on these mysteries and also turns out to be a stranger to ordinary life, a “superfluous person.” Now the socio-historical positions of the antagonist heroes are tested by eternal values: love, friendship, family, death.

Turgenev, Essay, Unified State Exam online