Maxim Gorky Makar Chudra main characters. Characteristics of the main characters of the work Makar Chudra, Gorky. Their images and descriptions. Return to the camp

What do you need to do to look at the world in a new way? Experience an important event, visit an unknown place. But how to get acquainted with a different attitude to life? Gorky's story "Makar Chudra" solves all the questions raised. This early work of the writer goes beyond the romantic sketch that it is traditionally considered to be. This creation has philosophical overtones and remains relevant to this day.

“Makar Chudra” is the first story of the young writer Alexei Peshkov, which he published under the pseudonym M. Gorky. This bright debut took place in 1892 in the newspaper “Caucasus”. The author was then working in a provincial newspaper in Tiflis, and the impetus for writing was conversations with A. Kalyuzhny, a revolutionary and wanderer. It was this man who was the first to see a talented prose writer in the young writer and instilled in Alexei confidence in his own abilities. He also helped Gorky take the first step into the world of great literature - to publish a work. The writer was grateful to Kalyuzhny and considered him his teacher.

The story is called, like many other early works of Gorky, after the name of the main character - an old gypsy. And it is not accidental: Makar is translated from Greek as “happy,” and Chudra is the occasionalism of the creator of the text, the etymology of which probably goes back to the word “miracle.”

Genre and direction

Gorky's early work is permeated with the spirit of romanticism: the author asks questions about the ideal, freedom, and the meaning of life. As a rule, these themes are heard in the narration of a hero who is wise and experienced, and these memories are presented to a still young interlocutor with an unformed worldview. So, for example, in the work of the gypsies under consideration, Makar Chudra tells the young man about his fate, about what he values, what, in his opinion, is worth valuing.

Here is a view that is in many ways exotic to the average reader: is there happiness in a settled life? What is real will? In the heroes there is no struggle between reason and feeling: unconditional preference is given to passion and will. They are worth living for, and you can die for them. In order to form the most complete idea of ​​the direction of Gorky’s early work, pay attention to.

Composition

The main feature of the composition is that Gorky in his work uses the technique of a story within a story: the young hero hears from the lips of Chudra the legend of a daring gypsy named Loiko Zobar. This beautiful story is framed by Makar’s philosophical reasoning, presented in the form of replicas. This method of presentation is reminiscent in its nature of confession.

The story about Loika has a classic three-part composition: the introduction of the hero, his character and environment, the climax - the main conflict of the character and its romantic resolution at the end of the story.

The work is rounded off by a description of the sea - an imperturbable element that symbolizes freedom and eternity.

Conflict

The main conflict of the work is freedom and slavery. The story is permeated by the collision of two fundamentally different worldviews: people of a nomadic lifestyle and a sedentary one. It is this conflict that becomes the impetus for remembering the legend of Loika Zobar. Some value freedom, both internal and external, which is expressed in the refusal to own material wealth and independence from anyone. The inability to obey is explained by pride and self-esteem. Any admiration for such a person is seen as slavery, with which a free soul will never agree.

This attitude to life led to the death of two young people who continue to be admired even after death. Radda admitted that she loves Loika, but still freedom is more than him. The passionately loving gypsy could not come to terms with such a revelation: he could not lose his will for the sake of someone who could not make the same sacrifice.

About what?

The old gypsy Makar Chudra reflects on existence, freedom and the destiny of man. He recalls the story of the daring Loika Zobar. He was handsome, strong and incredibly talented. The daredevil allowed himself to play with women’s hearts because he could not find his equal, that worthy girl. The meeting with the beauty turned his life upside down: he realized that he could only be happy by possessing her, or death. The obstinate gypsy puts will above love and invites her knight to bow at her feet in front of the entire camp - to submit to her. The young gypsy cannot agree to such humiliation in front of a woman: he decides to test her stone heart for strength with his knife. Radda's father pays him the same - this is how these lovers are united in heaven.

The main characters and their characteristics

The first image of Makar Chudra appears before us in this story. The author's admiration for this man is felt: the writer repeatedly appeals to the fact that the hero is already 58 years old, but he still retains his powerful physique. His conversation with the young man resembles a philosophical dialogue between a self-satisfied sage and a student. The main thesis of Makar Chudra is that you are your own life. It is better to be free from prejudices, rather than listen to imaginary instructions. For him, the standard of such a free and independent personality is Loiko Zobar.

This young gypsy was incredibly kind and talented, his pride did not develop into arrogance: it was a sincere joy in freedom, in the opportunity to enjoy the vastness of this world. His crime was not caused by fear of what other gypsies would say. No, this is not that kind of character. Love replaced the passion for will, but Radda did not experience the same feeling for Loika in order to fill the place of her former life in his heart. The young man could not survive this grief, there could be no other outcome: the path of humiliation is not for a proud gypsy, longing for his beloved is not for a warm heart.

Themes

• Freedom. Nomads value independence from everything material and do not understand how they can spend all their years on endless work in the field and arranging their home. So, for the entire period that is allotted from above, you may not see anything in the world and not comprehend wisdom.
• Love. For the main characters, love has a special value: you can kill for it, give your life. Everything is radical and clear: this feeling either comes first, or it should be torn out of the heart.
• Nature. She acts as the keeper of the secrets of knowledge. Only she knows will, willfulness, independence. The landscape in the story is rich in symbols: the steppe and the sea - freedom, the cultivated field - slavery.
• Meaning of life. The text is permeated by philosophical reflections on the search for the purpose of existence: wandering or cultivation, the search for beauty or everyday life? The old gypsy offers his point of view to the Russian youth, and it seems that he manages to charm the young interlocutor with it.

Issues

• Freedom and slavery. This antithesis concerns absolutely all topics: from love to way of existence. What is really worth spending your life on: “come and see” or stay and settle down? Perhaps the worldview of a nomad and a peasant are alien to each other, but still everyone has something to adopt for themselves.
• Impossibility of love. The wayward beauty does not respond to Loika with the same feeling, but offers to submit. Deep down, the enchantress knows what this gypsy will do. Can we say that she deliberately doomed herself to death, that she wanted to die for the sake of his passionate love? Probably yes, because two loves fought inside Radda: for a young man and for freedom, and she lost this battle in favor of her will. But was the girl happy with this outcome of the internal conflict? Hardly. That's why she made such an offer. Loiko could not come to terms with Radda’s decision, which prompted him to do just that. These heroes were worth each other: the young gypsy also understood that her father would avenge her - only death would unite proud hearts.

The meaning of the story

Showing a worldview that is exotic for the majority of the readership, Gorky reminds the public of the natural, primordial beginning of man, when he was not tied to his place, home, or things. The author's position is expressed in rejection of a slavish attitude towards life. It is worth remembering that this writer will later say: “Man, that sounds proud.” Gorky is outraged by the cowardice of people, their attention to public opinion, and thoughtless adherence to accepted orders. It is worth noting that he does not follow the path of ridiculing the current situation. A different method is proposed here: it shows people of other faiths with completely different values ​​and preferences.

The idea of ​​“Makar...” is to remember your individuality and not merge with the masses. Perhaps Gorky hopes that his creation will make the same bewitching impression on the reader as on the young listener of Makar Chudra. Thus, people will awaken the desire to discover a new life.

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The problem of freedom has always worried word artists. Exactly Liberty was attractive to romantic heroes. For her sake they were ready to die. After all, romanticism as a literary movement formed a very specific canon: an exceptional person making exceptional demands on the world. Therefore, the hero is an order of magnitude higher than the people around him, therefore society as such is rejected by him. This also determines the typical loneliness of the hero: for him this is a natural state, and the hero finds an outlet only in communication with nature, and more often with the elements.

Maxim Gorky in his early works refers to traditions of romanticism, but in the context of the twentieth century his work is defined neo-romantic.

In 1892, the first romantic story appeared in print. "Makar Chudra", in which an old gypsy appears before the reader surrounded by a romantic landscape: he is enveloped "the darkness of an autumn night", opening on the left a boundless steppe and on the right an endless sea. The writer gives him the opportunity to talk about himself, about his views, and the story of Loiko Zobar and Radda, told by the old shepherd, becomes the main means of revealing image of the main character, because the story is named after him.

Talking about Radda and Loiko, Chudra speaks more about himself. At the heart of his character lies the only principle that he considers the most valuable - the maximum desire for freedom. For heroes, will is also more valuable than anything in the world. In Radda, the manifestation of pride is so strong that even love for Loiko Zobar cannot break it: “I’ve never loved anyone, Loiko, but I love you. And I also love freedom! Will, Loiko, I love you more than you.”.

Such an insoluble contradiction between love and pride in a romantic character is perceived by Makar Chudra as absolutely natural, and it can only be resolved by death: a romantic hero cannot sacrifice either his boundless love or absolute pride. But love presupposes humility, self-sacrifice and the ability to submit to a loved one. And this is precisely what the heroes of the legend told by Chudra cannot do.

What assessment does Makar Chudra give to this position? He believes that this is the only way a real person who is worthy of imitation should understand life, and only with such a position can personal freedom be preserved.

But does the author agree with his hero? What is the author's position and what are the means of expression? To answer this question, it is necessary to note an important compositional feature of Gorky’s early works - the presence narrator's image. At first glance, this is an inconspicuous image, because it does not manifest itself in any actions. But it is the position of this man, a wanderer who meets different people on his way, that is especially important for the writer himself.

Almost all of Maxim Gorky’s early romantic works will embody both negative consciousness, which distorts the real picture of life, and positive consciousness, which fills life with higher meaning and content. And the gaze of the autobiographical hero seems to snatch out the brightest characters - such as Makar Chudra.

And even though he listens rather skeptically to the objections of the hero-narrator, it is the ending that dots all the i’s in the author’s position. When the narrator, looking into the darkness of the endless steppe, sees the gypsies Loiko Zobar and Radda “were spinning in the darkness of the night smoothly and silently”, and no way “The handsome Loiko could not compare with the proud Radda”, he reveals his position. Yes, these words contain admiration, but the thinking reader realizes the futility of such a bloody outcome: even after death, Loiko cannot become equal to the beautiful Radda.

In accordance with the best traditions of romanticism, Maxim Gorky used many means of expression in his story. Describing the main characters, he uses hyperbole: Radda’s beauty can only be played on the violin, and Loiko’s mustache fell on his shoulders and mixed with his curls. To convey the peculiarities of speech, especially of the old Chudra, he introduces appeals, interjections, and rhetorical exclamations.

A significant role is played by the landscape, but not simple, but animated, where Makar controls the waves, and the sea sings a gloomy, but at the same time solemn hymn to a pair of proud, handsome gypsies.

• “Childhood”, a summary of the chapters of the story by Maxim Gorky
• “At the Bottom”, analysis of the drama by Maxim Gorky
• “Old Woman Izergil”, analysis of Gorky’s story

The main characters of Gorky's story "Makar Chudra", characteristics with quotes

The heroes of the stories are desperate and beautiful people. They are proud and extremely freedom-loving.

The main character of the story is Makar Chudra, a wise old gypsy. For him, the main thing in life is personal freedom, which he would never trade for anything: “...This is how you need to live: go, go - and that’s all. Don't stand in one place for a long time - what's in it? Just as they run day and night, chasing each other, around the earth, so you run away from thoughts about life, so as not to stop loving it. And if you think about it, you’ll stop loving life, this always happens.”

Makar talks about human life and freedom:

"Life? Other people? ... – Hey! What do you care about that? Are you not life yourself? Other people live without you and will live without you. Do you think that someone needs you? You are not bread, not a stick, and no one needs you.”

He believes that a person without personal freedom becomes a slave: “was he born then, perhaps, to dig up the earth, and die, without even having time to dig out his own graves? Does he know his will? Is the expanse of the steppe clear? Does the sound of the sea wave make his heart happy? He is a slave - as soon as he was born, he is a slave all his life, and that’s it! What can he do with himself?

The old gypsy thinks that love and freedom are incompatible. Love weakens a person, makes him submit to his beloved. He tells the legend of the love of Loiko and Radda. Makar admires the courage, resilience and love of freedom of his heroes. He believes that their action was the only right one.

Also in the story there is an image of the listener. He has no lines and virtually no description of him. Nevertheless, the author’s position is easily conveyed through his image.

Nature is an almost full-fledged participant in the story. By describing her beauty, the author betrays the feelings and thoughts of the characters.

The heroes of the legend are Loiko Zobar and the beautiful Radda. Loiko is a young, daring and proud gypsy. He was brave and strong, he was not afraid of anyone or anything: “Yes, if Satan had come to him with all his retinue, if he had not thrown a knife at him, he would probably have had a strong fight, and why would he give the devils a kick in the snout? - that’s just it!”

Loiko valued his freedom most of all. I didn’t stay anywhere for long. “He loved only horses and nothing else, and even then only for a short time - he would ride and sell, and whoever wants the money, take it. He didn’t have what he cherished - you need his heart, he himself would tear it out of his chest and give it to you, if only it would make you feel good. That’s what he was, a falcon!” But after meeting Radda, Loiko “lost his head.”

Radda is a young gypsy of such beauty that no one could resist her. She was so proud that even her love for Loiko could not break her. “I’ve never loved anyone, Loiko, but I love you. And I also love freedom! Will, Loiko, I love more than you.”

Both Radda and Loiko look at their love as a chain that binds them. They give up love and choose death for the sake of absolute freedom.

History of creation

The story “Makar Chudra” was published in the Tiflis newspaper “Caucasus” on September 12, 1892. For the first time, the author signed himself with the pseudonym Maxim Gorky. This story begins the romantic period in the writer’s work. The romantic works of M. Gorky also include: the story “Old Woman Izergil”, “Song of the Falcon” and “Song of the Petrel”, the poem “The Girl and Death” and other works of the writer.

In one of the letters to A.P. Gorky wrote to Chekhov: “Really, the time has come for the need for the heroic: everyone wants something exciting, bright, something that, you know, is not like life, but is higher than it, better, more beautiful. It is imperative that current literature begins to embellish life a little, and as soon as it begins to do so, life will become more beautiful, that is, people will begin to live faster and brighter.”

The title of the story is associated with the name of the main character. Makar Chudra is an old gypsy, a thoughtful philosopher who knows the essence of life, whose camp wanders around the south of Russia.

Genre, genre, creative method

The cycle of romantic works by M. Gorky immediately attracted the attention of critics and readers with its excellent literary language, relevance of the topic, and interesting composition (inclusion of legends and fairy tales in the narrative). Romantic works are characterized by a contrast between the hero and reality. This is how the story “Makar Chudra” is structured, the genre feature of which is “a story within a story.” Makar Chudra acts not only as the main character, but also as the narrator. This artistic technique makes the story more poetic and original, and helps to better reveal ideas about the values ​​of life, the ideals of the author and the narrator. The action of the story takes place against the backdrop of a stormy sea, a steppe wind, and an alarming night. This is an atmosphere of freedom. The narrator assigns himself the role of a wise contemplator of life. Makar Chudra is a skeptic who is disappointed in people. Having lived and seen a lot, he values ​​only freedom. This is the only criterion by which Makar measures a human personality.

Subject

The theme of the writer's romantic works is the desire for freedom. “Makar Chudra” also talks about will and freedom. The work is based on the poetic love story of Loiko and Radda, told by Makar Chudra. The heroes of a beautiful legend cannot make a choice between pride, love of freedom and love. The passion for freedom determines their thoughts and actions. As a result, both die.

Idea

The short story contains ideas of freedom, beauty and joy of life. Makar Chudra’s thoughts about life testify to the philosophical mindset of the old gypsy: “Aren’t you yourself life? Other people live without you and will live without you. Do you think that someone needs you? You are not bread, not a stick, and no one needs you...” Makar Chudra speaks of the desire for inner freedom, freedom without restrictions, since only a free person can be happy. Therefore, the old wise gypsy advises the interlocutor to go his own way, so as not to “perish in vain.” The only value on earth is freedom, it’s worth living and dying for, that’s what the heroes of this story think. This is what dictated the actions of Loiko and Radda. In the story, Gorky performed a hymn to a wonderful and strong man. The desire for heroism, the worship of strength, and the glorification of freedom are reflected in the story “Makar Chudra”.

Nature of the conflict

For the old gypsy, the most important thing in life is personal freedom, which he would never trade for anything. His desire for freedom is also embodied by the heroes of the legend told by Makar Chudra. Young and beautiful Loiko Zobar and Radda love each other. But both of them have such a strong desire for personal freedom that they even look at their love as a chain that fetters their independence. Each of them, declaring their love, sets their own conditions, trying to dominate. This leads to a tense conflict that ends with the death of the heroes. ,

Main characters

In the story, one of the main characters is the old gypsy Makar Chudra. The wisdom of the gypsy is revealed through the legend conveyed to him about the lovers Loiko and Radda. He believes that pride and love are incompatible. Love makes you humble and submit to your loved one. Makar talks about man and freedom: “Does he know the will? The expanse of the steppe concept? Does the sound of the sea wave make his heart happy? He is a slave - as soon as he was born, and that’s it!” In his opinion, a person born a slave is not capable of accomplishing a feat. Makar admires Loiko and Radca. He believes that this is how a real person worthy of imitation should perceive life, and that only in such a position in life can one preserve one’s own freedom. As a true philosopher, he understands: it is impossible to teach a person anything if he himself does not want to learn, since “everyone learns by himself.” He answers his interlocutor with a question: “Can you learn to make people happy? No you can not".

Next to Makar there is the image of a listener, on whose behalf the story is told. This hero does not take up much space in the story, but for understanding the author’s position, intent and creative method, his significance is great. He is a dreamer, a romantic, who feels the beauty of the world around him. His vision of the world introduces a romantic element into the story, joy, boldness, and an abundance of colors: “A damp, cold wind blew from the sea, spreading across the steppe the thoughtful melody of the splash of a wave running onto the shore and the rustle of coastal bushes; ...the darkness of the autumn night surrounding us shuddered and, timidly moving away, revealed for a moment the boundless steppe on the left, the endless sea on the right...”

Of course, the romantic element lies in the heroes of the beautiful legend - young gypsies who absorbed the spirit of free life with their mother's milk. For Loiko, the highest value is freedom, frankness and kindness: “He loved only horses and nothing else, and even then not for long - he would ride and sell, and whoever wants the money, take it. He didn’t have what he cherished - you need his heart, he himself would tear it out of his chest and give it to you, if only it would make you feel good.” Radda is so proud that her love for Loiko cannot break her: “I have never loved anyone, Loiko, but I love you. And I also love freedom! Will, Loiko, I love more than you.” The insoluble contradiction between Radda and Loiko - love and pride, according to Makar Chudra, can only be resolved by death. And the heroes refuse love, happiness and prefer to die in the name of will and absolute freedom.

Plot and composition

The traveler meets the old gypsy Makar Chudra on the seashore. In a conversation about freedom and the meaning of life, Makar Chudra tells a beautiful legend about the love of a young gypsy couple. Loiko Zobar and Radda love each other. But both have a desire for personal freedom above all else. This leads to a tense conflict that ends with the death of the heroes. Loiko gives in to Radda, kneels before her in front of everyone, which among the gypsies is considered a terrible humiliation, and at the same moment kills her. And he himself dies at the hands of her father.

The peculiarity of the composition of this story is its construction according to the principle of “a story within a story”: the author puts a romantic legend into the mouth of the main character. It helps to better understand his inner world and value system. For Makar, Loiko and Rudd are the ideals of love of freedom. He is sure that two beautiful feelings, pride and love, brought to their highest expression, cannot be reconciled.

Another feature of the composition of this story is the presence of the image of the narrator. It is almost invisible, but the author himself can easily be seen in it.

Artistic originality

In his romantic works, Gorky turns to romantic poetics. First of all, this concerns the genre. Legends and fairy tales become the writer’s favorite genre during this period of creativity.

The palette of visual means used by the writer in the story is diverse. “Makar Chudra” is full of figurative comparisons that accurately convey the feelings and mood of the characters: “... a smile is the whole sun”, “Loiko is standing in the fire of a fire, as if in blood”, “... she said as if she had thrown snow at us” , “He looked like an old oak tree, burned by lightning...”, “... staggered like a broken tree,” etc. A special feature of the story is the unusual form of dialogue between Makar Chudra and the narrator. Only one voice is heard in it - the voice of the main character, and only from the remarks of this one speaker do we guess about the reaction and response remarks of his interlocutor: “Learn and teach, you say?” This peculiar form of phrases serves the author to make his presence in the story less noticeable.

Gorky pays great attention to the speech of his heroes. So, for example, Makar Chudra, according to the gypsy tradition, interrupts his story by addressing his interlocutor, calling him a falcon: “- Ege! It was like a falcon...", "That's what he was like, a falcon!..", "That's what Radda was like, a falcon!..", "That's right, a falcon!.." In circulation "falcon" we see an image close to the gypsy spirit, the image of a free and brave bird. Chudra freely modifies some of the geographical names of those places where the gypsies roamed: “Galicia” - instead of Galicia, “Slavonia” - instead of Slovakia. In his story, the word “steppe” is often repeated, since the steppe was the main place of life for the gypsies: “The girl is crying, seeing off the good fellow! A good fellow calls the girl to the steppe...”, “The night is bright, the month has flooded the whole steppe with silver...”, “Loiko barked across the whole steppe...”.

The author widely uses the technique of landscape sketches. The seascape is a kind of frame for the entire storyline of the story. The sea is closely connected with the mental state of the heroes: at first it is calm, only the “wet, cold wind” carries “across the steppe the thoughtful melody of the splash of a wave running onto the shore and the rustling of coastal bushes.” But then it began to rain, the wind became stronger, and the sea rumbled dully and angrily and sang a gloomy and solemn hymn to the proud couple of handsome gypsies. In general, in nature, Gorky loves everything strong, impetuous, limitless: the boundless expanse of the sea and the steppe; the bottomless blue sky, sometimes playful, sometimes angry waves, a whirlwind, a thunderstorm with its rolling roar, with its sparkling shine.

A characteristic feature of this story is its musicality. Music accompanies the entire story about the fate of the lovers. “You can’t say anything about her, this Radda, in words. Perhaps its beauty could be played on a violin, and even then to someone who knows this violin like his own soul.”

Meaning of the work

The role of M. Gorky in the literature of the 20th century. difficult to overestimate. He was immediately noticed by JI.H. Tolstoy and A.P. Chekhov, V.G. Korolenko, endowing the young author with his friendly disposition. The importance of an innovative artist was recognized by a new generation of writers, a wide readership, and criticism. Gorky's works have always been at the center of controversy between supporters of different aesthetic trends. Gorky was loved by people whose names are included in the sacred list of creators of Russian culture.

The origins of romantic works seem clear. What is absent in reality is glorified in legends. Not certainly in that way. In them, the writer did not at all abandon his main sphere of observation - the contradictory human soul. The romantic hero is included in an environment of imperfect, and even cowardly, pathetic people. This motif is reinforced on behalf of the storytellers whom the author listens to: the gypsy Makar Chudra, the Bessa slave woman Izergil, the old Tatar man relaying the legend “The Khan and His Son,” the Crimean shepherd singing the “Song of the Falcon.”

The romantic hero was first conceived as the savior of people from their own weakness, worthlessness, and sleepy vegetation. It is said about Zobar: “With such a person you yourself become better.” That is why images-symbols of a “fiery heart”, flight, and battle arise. Majestic in themselves, they are also enlarged by the “participation of Mother Nature.” She decorates the world with blue sparkles in memory of Danko. The real sea listens to the “lion’s roar” of the legendary waves carrying the call of the Falcon.

An encounter with an unprecedented harmony of feelings and actions calls for the comprehension of existence in some new dimensions. This is the true influence of the legendary hero on the individual. We need to remember this and not replace the content of Gorky’s romantic works with an unambiguous call for social protest. In the images of Danko, Falcon, as well as in the proud lovers, young Izergil, spiritual impulse and thirst for beauty are embodied.

Gorky was more concerned with thinking about what a person is and should become than the real path that lies to the future. The future was pictured as a complete overcoming of primordial spiritual contradictions. “I believe,” wrote Gorky I.E. Repin in 1899 - into the infinity of life, and I understand life as a movement towards the improvement of the spirit. It is necessary for intellect and instinct to merge in harmonious harmony...” Life phenomena were perceived from the height of universal human ideals. That is why, apparently, Gorky said in the same letter: “... I see that I do not belong anywhere yet, to any of our “parties.” I’m glad about this, because this is freedom.”

In the story "Makar Chudra" the main character Loiko Zobar is unusual, he corresponds to the romantic ideals of early Gorky. Our goal in this article is to consider what the characteristics of Loiko Zobar are, to analyze his behavior and to note what the author wanted to tell readers by creating such an amazing character. In other articles you will find a direct analysis of this work. Now let's move on to the characteristics of the main character.

Characteristics and actions of Loiko Zobar

We hear about Loiko Zobar from the lips of the narrator, Makar Chudra, who contrasts the life of a proud, beautiful gypsy with the dull existence of most people. Loiko is a daring gypsy, he always gets his way. Makar says that if Zobar liked a horse, then no walls will help hide it, no guards will protect it - Loiko will take possession of the horse. Loiko had nothing cherished, only the gypsies passionately loved horses.

Loiko is wise, “like an old man,” knows Russian and Moravian letters. He is talented: he played so that this music “set the blood in his veins on fire”; he wanted to live “as kings over the whole earth.” He was respected and appreciated by the gypsies throughout the area. What else can be said about the characterization of Loiko Zobar?

Loiko is kind, he is ready to “give his heart” if a comrade needs it. He loves freedom, enjoys the beauty of the world and is ready to give this beauty himself: it is no coincidence that his song captivates the gypsies so much, causing joy, melancholy, tears of tenderness and happiness.

Makar notes that next to a person like Zobar, everyone becomes better. Loiko is a romantic hero, admiring his talent, wisdom, generosity, spiritual breadth and love of freedom.

The meaning of freedom for the main character

Loiko valued the freedom of the gypsy above all else. But, arriving at the camp, the hero saw the beautiful Radda and fell in love with her. A story about the beauty of feeling is put into the mouth of the narrator. Zobar tried to “cloud” the eyes of his beloved, sang wonderful songs for her. But Radda didn’t just turn away from the gypsy, she also laughed at him. The whole camp understood that something bad might happen, but no one dared to intervene. They only heard Zobar leaving the camp at night and his violin “crying.” Let us continue the description of the characteristics of Loiko Zobar.

Radda admits that she loves Loiko, but values ​​will most of all. She cannot live without him, but she still loves freedom more. As a result, wanting to test her lover, the beauty sets a condition for him: she will marry him if he bows to her in front of the whole camp and kisses her right hand.

The hero is faced with a choice: sacrifice freedom and complete Radda’s task or maintain pride and dignity. Loiko chooses the path of freedom. He is in pain and has a hard time making a decision. But the Roma cannot sacrifice the ideal of freedom, dignity and strength. He kills Radda, realizing that he has no other choice. According to Makar Chudra, love and pride are incompatible. The hero passed the test proposed by his beloved, he turned out to be a determined and proud man worthy of Radda, so the gypsy dies with a smile on her lips. This is what makes up the image of the main character and is the characteristic of Loiko Zobar.

In the finale, the narrator imagines how the figures of Loiko Zobar and Radda merge in a single dance, corresponding to the beautiful rhythm of the sea. Free elements, strong-willed, strong people are the ideal of a storyteller.

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