Oblomov and Stolz comparative characteristics of the quote. Oblomov and Stolz: comparative characteristics or anatomy? Antagonists and protagonists
Annex 1
Oblomov
Volkov
Sudbinsky
Penkin
Stolz
Olga
Irrelevant connections
Significant connections
Preview:
Appendix 2
Worksheet #1
Criterion | Oblomov | Stolz |
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Appearance (when they appeared before the reader) | "...about thirty-two- three years old, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, ... an even light of carelessness glowed throughout his face." | the same age as Oblomov, “thin, he has almost no cheeks at all, ... his complexion is even, dark and no blush; although his eyes a little greenish, but expressive" |
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Origin | from a wealthy noble family with patriarchal traditions. His parents, like grandfathers, did nothing: serfs worked for them | a native of the philistine class (his father left Germany, traveled around Switzerland and settled in Russia, becoming the manager of an estate). Sh. graduates from the university with flying colors, successfully serves, retires to take care of his own business; makes a house and money. He is a member of a trading company that ships goods abroad; as an agent of the company, Sh. travels to Belgium, England, and throughout Russia. Sh.'s image is built on the basis of the idea of balance, harmonious correspondence between the physical and spiritual, mind and feeling, suffering and pleasure. The ideal of Sh. is measure and harmony in work, life, rest, love.(or... from a poor family: the father (Russified German) was the manager of a rich estate, the mother was an impoverished Russian noblewoman |
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Upbringing | His parents wanted to present Ilyusha with all the benefits “somehow cheaper, with various tricks.” His parents taught him to be idle and quiet (they didn’t let him pick up a dropped item, get dressed, or pour water for himself). the stigma of slavery. There was a cult of food in the family, and after eating there was a deep sleep. | his father gave him the education he received from his father: he taught him all the practical sciences, forced him to work early and sent away his son, who had graduated from university. his father taught him that the main things in life are money, rigor and accuracy |
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Oblomov is not even were released onto the street. “What about servants?” Soon Ilya himself realized that it was calmer and more convenient to give orders. The dexterous, active child is constantly stopped by his parents and nanny for fear that the boy will “fall, hurt himself” or catch a cold; he was cherished like a hothouse flower. “Those seeking manifestations of power turned inward and sank, withering away.” | "Tearing himself away from the pointer, he ran to destroy the birds nests with boys" |
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Education | They studied in a small boarding school located five miles from Oblomovka, in the village of Verkhleve. Both graduated from university in Moscow | ||
From the age of eight, he sat with his father at the geographical map, sorted through the warehouses of Herder, Wieland, biblical verses and summed up the illiterate accounts of peasants, townspeople and factory workers, and with his mother he read sacred history, learned Krylov’s fables and sorted through the warehouses of Telemachus |
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Embedded program | Dream. Vegetation and sleep - the passive principle found solace in his favorite “conciliatory and soothing” words “maybe”, “maybe” and “somehow” and protected himself with them from misfortunes. He was ready to shift the matter to anyone, without caring about its outcome or the integrity of the chosen person (this is how he trusted the scammers who robbed his estate) | Stolz was afraid to dream, his happiness was in constancy, energy and vigorous activity were an active beginning |
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Activity | “For Ilya Ilych, lying down was neither a necessity, like that of a sick person or like a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like that of someone who is tired, nor a pleasure, like that of a lazy person: it was his normal state.” | “He is constantly on the move: if society needs to send an agent to Belgium or England, they send him; if they need to write some project or adapt a new idea to business, they choose him. Meanwhile, he goes out into the world and reads.” |
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Outlook on life | “Life: life is good!” says Oblomov, “What to look for there? The interests of the mind, the heart? Look where the center around which all this revolves: it’s not there, there’s nothing deep that touches the living. All these are dead people, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society!... Don’t they sleep all their lives sitting up? Why am I more guilty than them, lying at home and not infecting their heads with threes and jacks? | Stolz experiences life and asks her: “What to do? Where to go next?” And it goes! Without Oblomov... |
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The kind, lazy person is most concerned about his own peace. For him, happiness is complete peace and good food. he spends his life on the sofa without taking off his comfortable robe. does nothing, is not interested in anything, loves to withdraw into himself and live in the world of dreams and dreams he created, the amazing childlike purity of his soul and introspection, the embodiment of gentleness and meekness worthy of a philosopher | strong and smart, he is in constant activity and does not disdain the most menial work. Thanks to his hard work, willpower, patience and enterprise, he became a rich and famous man. a real “iron” character was formed. But in some ways he resembles a machine, a robot, a rather dry rationalist |
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Test of love | “Life is poetry. People are free to distort it!” I was afraid that I was unworthy of love. He needs not equal love, but maternal love (the kind that Agafya Pshenitsyna gave him) | he needs a woman equal in views and strength (Olga Ilyinskaya). I’m glad that I met her abroad, I’m glad that she listens to him and doesn’t even notice that sometimes she doesn’t understand Olga’s sadness |
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"Two Faces" by Oblomov | |||
Honesty, conscientiousness, kindness, meekness, striving for ideals, dreaminess, “heart of gold” | Infantility, lack of will, inability to act, apathy, slowness, “Russian laziness” |
Preview:
Appendix 3 | ||||||
Worksheet #2 | ||||||
criteria | upbringing | the purpose of life | activities | attitude to a woman | family life | vital position |
Oblomov. | “I’m a master, and I don’t know how to do anything.” Oblomovka is the ideal of life. Love and affection of relatives. | "the poetic ideal of life;" the goal was - “all life is thought and work”; Now: “What is my goal? I don’t have one.” There is no high goal. | Drawing up a plan for the reconstruction of the estate; "volcanic work of an ardent head"; "not used to movement." | "was not their slave, worshiped from afar"; "recognized her power and rights"; woman mother and never-lover. | wife, children, kind friends sadly, chores around the house are in dreams; "he has nowhere else to go, nothing to look for, the ideal of his life has come true, although without poetry" - life with Pshenitsyna. | "...the soul is not torn, the mind sleeps peacefully." |
Stolz. | “labor, practical education”; “no one to bless”; opportunity Determine your own path in life. | “work is the goal of life”; Stolz's life with Oblomov's point of view: "daily empty shuffle days." There is no high goal. | "He doesn't have any extra movements. was"; "I went to sit on Oblomov's wide sofa and take away and calm an alarmed or tired soul..." empty vanity, in the end - "as if I was living a second time." | “Life and work itself are the goal of life, not a woman”; "he doesn't want- bodies of impetuous passion, as Oblomov did not want it”; “he dreamed of a creative mother”; “he was not a slave, did not experience fiery joys.” | "there was silence, the impulses have subsided"; "everything as I dreamed and Oblomov." | "We are not titans... we won't go to daring fight with rebellious questions, we will not accept their challenge, we will bow our heads and Let us humbly endure this difficult moment." |
Conclusion. | Antipode. | Double. | Double in pain Shay degree. | Double. | Double. | Double. |
Answer to problematic question. | “Stolz, at a high stage of his active life, turned out to be the same Oblomov...” (Ya.I. Kuleshov.) |
Preview:
Lesson-research summary
"Oblomov and Stolz (based on the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov")"
(2 hours)
Goals:
1. Educational:check and evaluate homework completion; analyze the image of Oblomov; analyze the image of Stolz; select criteria for comparing characters; draw conclusions and formulate them in a short written work.
2. Developmental: develop skills in working with literary text; develop the skill of analyzing a character in a work of fiction; improve the skills of pair and independent work; improve students' logical and creative thinking; create a psychologically comfortable environment in the classroom.
3. Educational:continue to instill a sense of respect for Russian literature of the 19th century; to cultivate a caring attitude towards the creative heritage of Russian literature; develop the ability to listen and hear each other.
Form of work: lesson-research, conversation, analysis of literary text.
Teaching methods:heuristic, explanatory and illustrative.
Lesson type: combined.
Literary concepts:main character, character, portrait, speech, interior, comparative characteristics.
Interdisciplinary connections:history, music.
Equipment: portrait of I.A. Goncharov, illustrations for the novel "Oblomov", projector, screen, handouts, presentation in MS.ppt format.
During the classes:
1. Greeting. Goal setting.
Teacher's word: Our lesson today will be dedicated to two characters from the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" is Ilya Ilyich himself and his childhood friend Andrei Stolts. Let's think together and decide what we will explore during today's lesson. After all, it is stated as a lesson-research.
Student answers:We must analyze the images of Oblomov and Stolz, select criteria for comparing them, and draw a conclusion.
Teacher's word: Well done! In addition, at the end of our lesson, we will write down the resulting conclusions and try to supplement them ourselves as part of a little independent work.
2. Motivation.
Teacher's word: One of the components of the characteristics of a literary hero is his relationship with other characters, which helps in many ways to understand this hero. We have already studied in previous lessons the characterization of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, briefly touching on the image of another character - Andrei Stolts. To continue working on compiling a characterization of Oblomov, you and I must correlate the names of the characters in the novel with the philosophical concepts of “interconnection”, “essential connections”, “non-essential connections”. ( Annex 1. ) To do this, let’s first remember what these concepts mean.
Student answers:Interrelation is the mutual connection of objects, phenomena, etc. with each other, their dependence on each other.
Essential connections are those connections that are the most significant in the relationship between someone or something.
Non-essential connections are those connections that do not play any role in revealing the character's character.
Teacher's word: Next you will need to determine what connections between the characters in the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov", will be significant and which will not. We draw a diagram in our notebooks. The work is in pairs. When answering, you will need to justify your opinion.
(Students work with the diagram, as a result they come to the conclusion that among the characters presented, only Olga and Andrei have a significant connection with Oblomov, since it was Ilyinskaya and Stolz who could change Oblomov’s lifestyle.)
Teacher's word: Do you think Oblomov himself is ready to change his life? Prove it with text.
Student response: Yes, since the text contains a quote: “Give me your will and mind and lead me wherever you want. Maybe I’ll follow you...”
Teacher's word: In the lesson we must analyze the relationship between Oblomov and Stolz. Let's formulate the problematic questions of the lesson.
Student answers : 1) Why didn’t Andrei Stolts manage to change Ilya Oblomov’s lifestyle?
2) Andrei Stolts - the antipode or double of Ilya Oblomov?
If students formulate only the first (problem) question, the teacher helps with the formulation of the second question: this research question is more specific and helps answer the problem question of the lesson. Students write down the topic and questions of the lesson in their notebooks.
3. Studying new material. Study. Work in groups.
Teacher's word: To answer the question “Is Andrei Stolts the antipode or double of Ilya Oblomov?” we need to formulate the criteria by which we will compare or contrast the characters, and give the meaning of the words “antipode” and “double”. Let's start by defining the terms. (Implementation of homework.)
Students' words: Antipode – (Greek antipodes - feet facing feet). 1. plural only Inhabitants of two opposite points of the earth, two opposite ends of one of the diameters of the globe (geographical). 2. to someone or something. A person of opposite properties, tastes or beliefs (book). He is the perfect antipode of him or he is the perfect antipode of him.
A double is a person who has complete similarities with another (both a man and a woman).
Teacher's word: OK, thank you. Now let's turn to the criteria by which the writer characterizes Stolz and Oblomov, which you were able to identify while reading the text.
Student answers:Appearance (when they appeared before the reader), origin, upbringing, education, laid down program, outlook on life, characteristics of the author, test of love.
Teacher's word: It is by these criteria that we will characterize and compare the characters. Plus, I propose adding one more criterion to the table - “Two faces of Oblomov.”
4. Work in groups (3 groups).
In accordance with these criteria for comparing heroes, students are given a research task:
1) each group choose 2 criteria for comparing heroes (if the guys cannot do this themselves, then the teacher distributes the tasks himself);
3) find material for comparison according to this criterion (write out quotes);
4) give an answer to the research question “Andrei Stolts – an antipode or double of Ilya Oblomov?”;
5) formulate an answer to the problematic question of the lesson “Why didn’t Andrei Stolts manage to change Ilya Oblomov’s lifestyle?”;
6) create a worksheet.
5. Exchange of information.
After the research, the guys exchange information using worksheets (Appendix 2, Appendix 3.)
6. Summing up.
Teacher's word: We see that Andrei Stolts is Ilya Oblomov’s double by most criteria. This will also be the reason why Andrei could not change the life of Ilya Oblomov.
7. Reflection. Assessment.
8. Homework assignment.
A written answer to the question “Why did Olga choose Stolz over Oblomy?”
So, we will start working with text.
In one of the lessons, you were asked to compose a quotation comparative description according to plan, using only material from the novel. Text of the novel.
Why is this necessary?
Text analysis, deep text analysis! In this case, it will allow you to understand what makes up the image of the hero, how the choice of lexical means allows the Master (writer!) to create the character of the character. We will see that the choice of one or another will allow us to convey to the reader a deep thought, an idea (which idea exactly - we will try to determine together with you)
You are on the wiki page, which means you can make changes. How to do this - see. Don't forget to indicate authorship - this way it will be clear to me who to evaluate.
I filled out the first column as a sample - here is everything we talked about in class. If you would like to add to the first column, please do so, this is encouraged.
Comparative characteristics of the image
Ilya Oblomov and Andrey Stolts
| Ilya Oblomov | Andrey Stolts | |
| Portrait |
"He was a man of years thirty-two or three years old,
medium height, "...Complexion
Ilya Ilyich was neither ruddy, nor dark, nor positively "...body him, judging by the matte, too white |
"Stolz peer Oblomov: and he is already over thirty years old..." "...He's all made up of bones, muscles and nerves
like a blood English |
| Lifestyle, household items |
“The room where Ilya Ilyich was lying seemed at first glance to be beautifully decorated. But the experienced eye of a man with pure taste<...>I would just read it the desire to somehow observe the decorum of inevitable decency, just to get rid of them." “There was a forgotten towel on the sofa; on the table, on rare mornings, there wasn’t a plate with a salt shaker and a gnawed bone that hadn’t been cleared away from yesterday’s dinner, and there weren’t bread crumbs lying around. If it weren’t for this plate, and a freshly smoked pipe leaning against the bed, or not for myself the owner lying on her, you would think that no one lives here— so everything became dusty, faded and generally devoid of living traces of human presence"(Kipriyanova) “For Ilya Ilyich, lying down was neither a necessity, like a sick person or like a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like someone who is tired, nor a pleasure, like a lazy person: it is was his normal state"(Klimova) |
"Andrey often taking a break from business or from a social crowd, from the evening, from a ball I was going to sit on Oblomov’s wide sofa.” (Kipriyanova) "He constantly on the move: if society needs to send an agent to Belgium or England, they send him; you need to write some project or adapt a new idea to business - they choose it. Meanwhile he goes out into the world and reads: when he has time - God knows"(Klimova) |
| Worldview |
“Oh, if only Andrei would come quickly... He would have sorted everything out...” “Or maybe Zakhar will try to settle everything so that there won’t be any need to move; maybe they’ll get by…” "Everything is eternal running around in starts, and game of trashy passions, especially greed, gossip<...>Boredom, boredom, boredom! Where is the man?? His integrity?<...>Light, society! You send me there for more discourage being there ! What to look for there? Interests, mind, heart? All these are dead people, sleeping people |
!..." (A. Ustyantseva)<...>. "A simple, that is, direct, real view of life - that was his constant task “It’s tricky and difficult to live simply!” "Work is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine." "He opened his umbrella while it was raining, that is, he suffered while the grief lasted, and he suffered without timid submission , but more with annoyance, with pride, and endured it patiently only because attributed the cause of all suffering to himself , and did not hang it, like a caftan, on someone else’s nail. AND enjoyed the joy , like a flower plucked along the way, until it withers in your hands..." |
| “He was afraid of every dream, or if he entered its area, he entered as one enters a grotto with the inscription: ma solitude, mon hermitage, mon repos, knowing the hour and minute when you will leave there.” (Klimova) |
" Childhood, family background Parents did not rush to explain to the child the meaning of life And prepare him for her , as to something sophisticated and serious; did not torment him over books that give rise to a darkness of questions in his head, but." questions gnaw at the mind and heart and shorten life “Everyone gasped and began to reproach each other for how it had not occurred to them for a long time:." one to remind, another to tell to correct, a third to correct "He was looking forward to this moment with which"(Kipriyanova) his independent life began "Zakhar, as it used to be, was a nanny, pulls up his stockings , puts on his shoes, and Ilyusha is already the boy only knows that he is lying down, first one leg, then the other...” (A. Ustyantseva) |
“They brought Andrei - but in what form: without boots, with a torn dress and a broken nose either from himself or from another boy." “The father put him on a spring cart, gave him the reins and ordered him to be taken to the factory, then to the fields, then to the city, to the merchants, to public places, then to look at some clay, which he would take on his finger, smell, sometimes lick, And He’ll let his son smell it and explain what it’s like and what it’s good for. Otherwise, they’ll go and see how they mine potash or tar, or melt lard.” "— Go back where you came from- he added, - and come again with a translation, instead of one, two chapters, and teach your mother the role from the French comedy that she asked: don't show up without it!" (Kipriyanova) "...Andryusha studied well, and his father made him a tutor in his small boarding house.<…>he paid him a salary as a craftsman, completely in German: ten rubles a month, and forced me to sign in the book." (A. Ustyantseva) |
| Attitude to study |
"Father and mother imprisoned the spoiled one Ilyusha for a book. It was worth it tears, cries, whims." "And everyone in the house was imbued with the conviction that Studying and parenting Saturday should not coincide at all, or that a holiday on Thursday is an insurmountable obstacle to studying for the whole week. And Ilyusha stays at home for three weeks, and then, you see, it’s not far from Holy Week, and then there’s a holiday, and then someone in the family for some reason decides that they don’t study during Fomina’s week; There are two weeks left until summer - there’s no point in traveling, and in the summer the German himself rests, so it’s better to put it off until the fall." (Kipriyanova) “He generally considered all this to be a punishment sent down by heaven for our sins...” (Klimova) |
" From the age of eight he sat with his father for a geographical map, sorted through the warehouses of Herder, Wieland, biblical verses and summed up the illiterate accounts of peasants, townspeople and factory workers, and with his mother he read sacred history, learned the fables of Krylov and sorted through the warehouses of Telemacus." (Kipriyanova) |
| Attitude to service |
Ilya Ilyich would like service to be something like an optional and easy activity. If this were the case, no doubt he would willingly go to work. But when confronted with reality, Ilya Ilyich realized that service required significant effort, which he was not at all ready to spend on it. It's interesting how Goncharov characterizes Oblomov’s views: “Life in his eyes was divided into two halves: one consisted of work and boredom - these were synonyms for him; the other is from peace and peaceful fun. From this, the main field - the service at first puzzled him in the most unpleasant way”. Oblomov is trying to free himself from service at any cost. He strives for relaxation and pleasure, not realizing that in fact, rest is good and pleasant only after completed tasks. Ilya Ilyich is not ready to take responsibility for his actions. (Kvashenko M.) |
For Andrei Stolz, work is not a way to achieve peace, any desire for which Stolz called “Oblomovism.” For him, work is “the image, content, element and purpose of life”.Stolz treated his service responsibly, was hardworking, and was never lazy, Always carried out assigned tasks to the end when performing work.He worked not for a high goal, but for the sake of personal success.(Kuzmin Zh.) |
| Attitude towards love |
"He never did not surrender to beauties, was never their slave, not even very much diligent fan, already because getting closer to women leads to a lot of trouble.<…>Rarely did fate confront him with a woman in society to such an extent that he could flare up for a few days and consider himself in love...” (A. Ustyantseva) |
"He not blinded by beauty and therefore I did not forget, did not humiliate a man's dignity, was not a slave, “did not lie at the feet” of beauties, although did not experience fiery passions"(A. Ustyantseva) |
| ... | ||
| ... |
Goncharov Ivan Aleksandrovich is a wonderful Russian realist writer. His work has become firmly established in the classical literature of our country. The originality of his artistic world lies, according to N.A. Dobrolyubov, in that he was able to embrace in his work the full image of an object, sculpt, mint it.
The main idea of Goncharov in the novel "Oblomov"
In his novel, Ivan Alexandrovich condemns noble inactivity. The characterization of Oblomov in the novel "Oblomov" proves this, and you will soon see this. The author welcomes the businesslike spirit of the entrepreneurial class that was emerging at that time. For Goncharov, what is essential in Oblomov’s character is his lordly spoiling, as well as the inactivity that follows from it, the powerlessness of will and mind. The image of this hero under the hand of such an eminent master resulted in a broad picture in which the reader is presented with the pre-reform life of the country's local nobility. The work was written more than 100 years ago, but it still attracts attention to this day. This novel is certainly a classic work written in the beautiful Russian language.
Ilya Ilyich Oblomov
What is the characterization of Oblomov in the novel "Oblomov"? After reading it, everyone probably wants to understand who is closer to them in spirit: Stolz or Ilya Ilyich. Oblomov’s characterization, at first glance, lacks appeal. In the novel, this hero appears as a man no longer in his first youth. He tried to serve in the past, but withdrew from all activities and became unable to return to them. Not only does he not want to do anything, but he doesn’t even want to be in society, go for a walk, get dressed, or just get off the couch. The serene state of this hero is disturbed only by visitors who come only to Oblomov for selfish purposes. For example, Tarantiev simply robs him, borrowing money and not returning it. Oblomov turns out to be a victim of his visitors in the work, since he cannot understand the true purpose of their visits. The only exception is Stolz, a friend of his youth, who comes to visit him in Oblomovka.
However, Oblomov’s characterization is not so unambiguously negative. We will return to it later.
Andrey Ivanovich Stolts
Stolz is the antipode of this hero in the novel. Goncharov portrayed him as a “new man.” From childhood, Stolz was brought up in harsh conditions, gradually getting used to the difficulties and hardships of life. This is a businessman alien to both official careerism and noble laziness, who is distinguished by a level of culture and such activity that at that time were not characteristic of the Russian merchants. Apparently, not knowing where to find such a person among Russian business people, Goncharov decided to make his hero the scion of a half-German family. Stolz, however, received his upbringing from a Russian mother, who was a noblewoman, and also studied at the capital's university. This hero believes that through the construction of highways, fairs, piers, and schools, the patriarchal “broken areas” will turn into income-generating, comfortable estates.
Views on Oblomov's life
It’s not just apathy that marks Oblomov’s characterization. This hero is trying to “philosophize.” Ilya Ilyich contrasts the sincerity and kindness of patriarchal life with the moral depravity of representatives of the bureaucratic-noble society of the capital. He condemns him for his desire for careerism, lack of serious interests, and mutual hostility covered by ostentatious courtesy. In this regard, the author of the novel agrees with Ilya Ilyich. Oblomov’s characterization is complemented by the fact that he is a romantic. This hero dreams mainly of quiet family happiness.
Stolz's attitude to life
On the contrary, Stolz is the enemy of the “dream”, everything mysterious and enigmatic. However, by “dream” he means not only rose-colored romance, but also all kinds of idealism. The author, explaining the beliefs of this hero, writes that in his eyes, what is not subject to analysis of practical truth, experience, is an optical illusion or a fact to which the turn of experience has not yet reached.
The importance of love conflict in revealing the characters of the main characters
A comparative description of Oblomov and Stolz would be incomplete if we did not reveal the topic of the relationship between these heroes and Olga Ilyinskaya. Goncharov introduces his characters into a love conflict in order to test them with life itself, which will show what each of them is worth. Therefore, the heroine of “Oblomov” had to be an extraordinary person. In Olga Ilyinskaya we will not find any secular coquetry, no lordly quirks, nothing mannered, deliberately done for success in life. This girl is distinguished by her beauty, as well as her natural freedom of action, word and look.
Both main characters, created by Goncharov, fail in their love relationships with this woman, each in their own way. And this reveals the inconsistency of the author’s illusions in assessing both. Oblomov’s “honest and true” “golden” heart suddenly comes into question along with his decency. Let us note that this hero, who has a “heart as deep as a well,” shamefully dissembles in front of the girl, citing the fact that he “warned her” about his character. Olga understands that Ilya Ilyich “died a long time ago.”
The consistent characterization of Oblomov and Stolz reveals more and more interesting details. Andrei Ivanovich appears again in the novel. He reappears in the work in order to take the place that Oblomov previously occupied. The characterization of the hero Stolz in his relationship with Olga reveals some important features in his image. Goncharov, showing his Parisian life with Ilyinskaya, wants to show the reader the breadth of views of his hero. In fact, he reduces it, since being interested in everything means not being interested in anything systematically, deeply, or seriously. This means learning everything from other people’s words, taking it from someone else’s hands. Stolz could hardly keep up with Olga in her languid haste of will and thought. Contrary to the will of the author, the story of the life together of these two heroes, which was supposed to be praise for Stolz, ultimately turned out to be a means of exposing him. Stolz at the end of the novel seems to be only a self-confident reasoner. The reader no longer believes this hero, who could not save his friend or give his beloved woman happiness. Only the author's tendentiousness saves Stolz from complete collapse. After all, Goncharov (“Oblomov”) was on his side. The characterization of Oblomov, created by the writer, as well as the author’s voice in the novel, allow us to judge this.
The weakness of both heroes and the classes they represent
In addition to his own desire, Goncharov was able to show that not only the Russian nobility is degenerating. It’s not only Oblomov who is weak. The characterization of Stolz's hero is also not without this feature. Respectable entrepreneurs cannot historically become successors to the nobility, since they are weak, limited and unable to take responsibility for solving fundamental issues in the life of the country.
The meaning of the image of Olga Ilyinskaya in Russian literature
So, a comparative description of Oblomov and Stolz shows that neither one nor the other can, each in their own way, evoke sympathy. But the heroine of the work, Olga Ilyinskaya, will become the prototype of an enlightened Russian woman. This prototype will later be found in the works of many classics of the 19th century.
Often a comparison of Ilya Ilyich and Andrei Ivanovich is presented as a table. The characteristics of Oblomov and Stolz, presented visually, help to better remember the information. Therefore, a comparative table in literature lessons as a type of work is often used at school. When a deep analysis is required, it is better to abandon it. And this is precisely the task that faced us when creating this article.
Plan
1. Childhood of the main characters
2. Fatherland and youth
3.Maturity
4.Conclusion
The childhood of the main characters
Oblomov and Stolz grew up almost together. The Oblomov family owned the nearby villages of Sosnovka and Vavilovka, which were most often combined under one name - Oblomovka. Five miles away from them was the village of Verkhlevo. The owner did not appear in it, leaving all management in the hands of Father Stolz. Little Ilya was the center of attention of the whole family. He was pampered and fed sweets. The child was allowed to go out only with the nanny, who was strictly punished not to leave him alone.
Ilya was naturally inquisitive, he wanted to run and frolic, but the nanny immediately stopped all his attempts. The child received complete freedom only after lunch, when all of Oblomovka fell into deep sleep. Ilya began to explore all available places, but did not dare to go beyond the yard. The child learned about the world around him mainly from his mother’s stories and his nanny’s tales. Fairytale life replaced real life.
Andrey grew up in Verkhlev. His father was German, his mother was Russian. The elder Stolz dreamed that his son would follow his path. His mother wanted to make him a master. From an early age, Andrei received practical knowledge from his father. Otherwise, he was completely free and spent his free time with the village children. The child had a violent and restless disposition: he fought and destroyed birds’ nests.
When Andrei disappeared for a whole week, Ivan Bogdanovich Stolz did not even worry. When his son finally returned, he only asked if he had made the required translation. Having received a negative answer, the father rudely pushed his son out of the house and said that he could only return with a translation and the role he had learned for his mother. Andrei was missing for another week, but he did everything.
Adolescence and youth
At the age of thirteen, Ilya was apprenticed to Ivan Bogdanovich. Parents did not see any benefit from science. They only heard that nowadays you need a diploma to obtain ranks. Since there were five miles between the villages, Ilya had to go to Stolz for a week. Under a variety of pretexts (holidays, heat, cold), these trips were postponed. Education was unsystematic and of little use. The nanny was replaced by Zakharka, who was obliged to fulfill the slightest desire of the youngster. This spoiled Ilya so much that he soon lost all ability for independent activity.
At the same age, Andrei was already a completely independent person. His father trusted him to go on errands to the city alone and paid him money for it. Moreover, Andrei soon became a tutor at his father’s boarding school and received a salary for this. After graduating from university, young Stolz came to Verkhlevo and lived there for only three months. His father sent him to St. Petersburg, where Oblomov was already located. Childhood friends met in St. Petersburg. At that time, their aspirations were similar. Both dreamed of a great career, travel and discovery.
Oblomov and Stolz often walked together, went out in public, met girls. But Oblomov’s natural laziness took its toll. He became disgusted with the service, and two years later he resigned. Ilya Ilyich increasingly isolated himself in his apartment and ended relationships with acquaintances. Stolz could not help his friend, since on business he constantly traveled not only throughout Russia, but also abroad.
Maturity
When the friends turned thirty years old, it became clear that their characters and lifestyles had formed and were the complete opposite. Ilya Ilyich turned his apartment in St. Petersburg into a small piece of Oblomovka. He spends most of his time in bed. Oblomov's sleep is interrupted only during meals. He is still served by Zakhar, who was taken from the village. The apartment is in terrible disarray. Ilya Ilyich is not able to complete a single task. In his imagination he can develop various plans, but they never receive practical implementation.
By this time, Stolz had traveled the length and breadth of Russia and Europe. He also quit his service, but not out of laziness, but in order to start his own commercial affairs. Andrey is always on the move. Having set a goal for himself, he persistently strives to achieve it. Stolz is considered a cold and insensitive person. This is not entirely true. It’s just that Andrei is too rational, he doesn’t have time to show feelings.
Conclusion
Stolz and Oblomov are radically different in character and lifestyle. This happened due to different upbringings. Representing the complete opposite, Andrei and Ilya remain the most faithful friends, sincerely loving and respecting each other.
Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" was highly appreciated by critics of the second half of the 19th century. In particular, Belinsky noted that the work was timely and reflected the socio-political thought of the 50-60s of the nineteenth century. Two lifestyles - Oblomov and Stolz - are discussed in this article in comparison.
Characteristics of Oblomov
Ilya Ilyich was distinguished by his desire for peace and inaction. Oblomov cannot be called interesting and varied: he is used to spending most of the day thinking, lying on the sofa. Immersed in these thoughts, he often did not rise from his bed all day, did not go outside, or find out the latest news. He didn’t read newspapers as a matter of principle, so as not to bother himself with unnecessary, and most importantly, meaningless information. Oblomov can be called a philosopher; he is concerned with other questions: not everyday, not momentary, but eternal, spiritual. He looks for meaning in everything.
When you look at him, you get the impression that he is a happy freethinker, not burdened by the hardships and problems of external life. But life “touches, gets at” Ilya Ilyich everywhere, makes him suffer. Dreams remain just dreams, because he does not know how to translate them into real life. Even reading tires him: Oblomov has many books he has started, but all of them remain unread and misunderstood. The soul seems to be dormant in him: he avoids unnecessary worries, worries, worries. In addition, Oblomov often compares his calm, solitary existence with the lives of other people and finds that it is not suitable to live the way others live: “When to live?”
This is what Oblomov’s ambiguous image represents. “Oblomov” (I.A. Goncharov) was created with the aim of depicting the personality of this character - extraordinary and extraordinary in its own way. He is no stranger to impulses and deep emotional experiences. Oblomov is a true dreamer with a poetic, sensitive nature.
Characteristics of Stolz
Oblomov’s lifestyle cannot be compared with Stolz’s worldview. The reader first meets this character in the second part of the work. Andrei Stolts loves order in everything: his day is scheduled by hours and minutes, dozens of important things are planned that urgently need to be redone. Today he is in Russia, tomorrow, you see, he has unexpectedly left abroad. What Oblomov finds boring and meaningless is important and significant for him: trips to cities, villages, intentions to improve the quality of life of those around him.
He discovers such treasures in his soul that Oblomov cannot even guess about. Stolz's lifestyle consists entirely of activities that feed his entire being with the energy of vivacity. In addition, Stolz is a good friend: more than once he helped Ilya Ilyich in business matters. The lifestyles of Oblomov and Stolz are different from each other.
What is “Oblomovism”?
As a social phenomenon, the concept denotes a focus on idle, monotonous, devoid of color and any changes in life. Andrei Stolts called “Oblomovism” Oblomov’s very way of life, his desire for endless peace and the absence of any activity. Despite the fact that his friend constantly pushed Oblomov to the possibility of changing his way of existence, he did not budge at all, as if he did not have enough energy to do it. At the same time, we see that Oblomov admits his mistake, uttering the following words: “I have long been ashamed to live in the world.” He feels useless, unnecessary and abandoned, and therefore he does not want to wipe the dust off the table, sort out books that have been lying around for a month, or leave the apartment once again.
Love in Oblomov's understanding
Oblomov’s lifestyle did not contribute in any way to finding real, rather than fictitious, happiness. He dreamed and made plans more than he actually lived. Amazingly, in his life there was a place for quiet rest, philosophical reflection on the essence of existence, but there was a lack of strength for decisive action and the implementation of intentions. Love for Olga Ilyinskaya temporarily pulls Oblomov out of his usual existence, forces him to try new things, and begin to take care of himself. He even forgets his old habits and sleeps only at night, and does business during the day. But still, love in Oblomov’s worldview is directly related to dreams, thoughts and poetry.
Oblomov considers himself unworthy of love: he doubts whether Olga can love him, whether he is suitable enough for her, whether he is capable of making her happy. Such thoughts lead him to sad thoughts about his useless life.
Love in Stolz's understanding
Stolz approaches the issue of love more rationally. He does not indulge in ephemeral dreams in vain, since he looks at life soberly, without fantasy, without the habit of analyzing. Stolz is a business man. He doesn’t need romantic walks in the moonlight, loud declarations of love and sighs on the bench, because he is not Oblomov. Stolz's lifestyle is very dynamic and pragmatic: he proposes to Olga at the moment when he realizes that she is ready to accept him.
What did Oblomov come to?
As a result of his protective and cautious behavior, Oblomov misses the opportunity to build a close relationship with Olga Ilyinskaya. His marriage was upset shortly before the wedding - Oblomov took too long to gather, explain, ask himself, compare, estimate, analyze. The characterization of the image of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov teaches not to repeat the mistakes of an idle, aimless existence, and raises the question of what love really is? Is she the object of lofty, poetic aspirations, or is she the calm joy and peace that Oblomov finds in the house of the widow Agafya Pshenitsyna?
Why did Oblomov’s physical death occur?
The result of Ilya Ilyich’s philosophical reflections is this: he chose to bury his former aspirations and even lofty dreams. with Olga his life focused on everyday existence. He knew no greater joy than to eat deliciously and sleep after dinner. Gradually, the engine of his life began to stop, to calm down: ailments and incidents became more frequent. Even his previous thoughts left him: there was no longer room for them in the quiet room, like a coffin, in all this sluggish life, which lulled Oblomov, increasingly removed him from reality. Mentally this man was already dead for a long time. Physical death was only a confirmation of the falsity of his ideals.
Stolz's achievements
Stolz, unlike Oblomov, did not miss his chance to become happy: he built family well-being with Olga Ilyinskaya. This marriage took place out of love, in which Stolz did not fly into the clouds, did not remain in destructive illusions, but acted more than reasonably and responsibly.
The lifestyles of Oblomov and Stolz are diametrically opposed and opposed to each other. Both characters are unique, inimitable and significant in their own way. This may explain the strength of their friendship over the years.
Each of us is close to either the Stolz or Oblomov type. There is nothing wrong with this, and the coincidences will probably only be partial. Those who are deep, who love to think about the essence of life, will most likely understand Oblomov’s experiences, his restless mental tossing and searching. Business pragmatists who have left romance and poetry far behind will begin to personify themselves with Stolz.
