Where did the Russians come from? Russian ethnicity. Development of the Russian people. Formation of the Russian nation Russian nationality

Russian

noun, m., used Often

Morphology: adv. in Russian

1. Russian they call what is happening, taking place in Russia.

Russian history. | Russian nature. | Russian landscape. | Russian land. | When traveling to the Russian North, the four of us sat at the Lodeynoye Pole station.

2. Russian they call someone whose ancestors and parents spoke Russian and lived on the territory of Russia (Rus).

Russian people. | Russian gentleman, nobleman. | What Russian doesn’t like driving fast (N.V. Gogol).

3. If anyone Russian according to passport, then this means that this person is a citizen of Russia.

4. Russian name any public, scientific, cultural figure whose work is a significant contribution to the intellectual treasury of Russia.

6. Russian beauty They call a girl with brown hair, blue eyes and a slightly snub nose.

7. New Russians they call a person who became significantly enriched during the period of Russia's transition to market relations.

8. Russian character name a set of traits that distinguish a Russian person - hospitality, hospitality, sincerity, gullibility, etc.

Mysterious Russian character. | Russian temperament.

9. Russian they call what distinguishes the people of Russia from other peoples of the world.

Russian humor. | Russian culture. | Gerudotherapy is an ancient Russian method of treating many diseases.

10. In Russian is the language of the Slavic group of languages, which is characterized by a wide variety of formal elements of the word - endings, prefixes, suffixes, etc.

11. Russian they call what is written and said in Russian.

Russian literature. | Russian proverbs and sayings. | Russian folklore.

12. Russian Museum called the state collection of works by Russian artists in St. Petersburg.

13. Russian they call any direction, trend in culture, social life, which differs from the pan-European, world standard by any special qualities - scope, depth, etc.

Russian communism, nihilism, humanism.

14. Russian dance is a folk dance that is performed at a fast pace and is characterized by sweeping, fast movements of the arms and legs.

15. Russian stove is a brick oven in a wooden structure for cooking food, baking bread and heating.

16. Russian shirt- this is a spacious men's clothing with a stand-up collar.

Kosovorotka

17. Russian boots- These are men's leather shoes with narrow tops to the knees.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Dmitriev.

D. V. Dmitriev.:

2003.

Synonyms See what “Russian” is in other dictionaries:

Russian, Great Russian, Raseysky, Great Power, Autocratic, Chauvinist, Imperial, Red Army, Soviet, Sovdepovsky, Village, Peasant, Katsapsky, Slavic, Holy Russian, All-Russian, Domostroevsky; moskal, katsap,... ...

Synonym dictionary Russian sturgeon ... Wikipedia

RUSSIAN, Russian, Russian. 1. adj. to the Russians. Great Russian people. “Oh, the great, mighty, truthful and free Russian language!” A. Turgenev. “Russian revolutionary scope is that life-giving force that awakens thought, moves forward, breaks... ...

Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary Rus', Russian. The complexity of the prehistoric destinies of the East Slavic language is also revealed in the mysterious origin of the words Rus, Russian. Many considered and still consider it to be original Slavism (representatives of the autochthonous Slavic theory). Who deduced... ... History of words

RUSSIAN, oh, oh. 1. see Russians. 2. Relating to the Russian people, their language, national character, way of life, culture, as well as Russia, its territory, internal structure, history; the same as the Russians, like in Russia. R. tongue... ...

Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary Russian polysemantic term, part of many complex terms. Russian relating to Russia, to their inhabitants, to the Russian people, Russians (citizens of Russia) and Rus' (usually with the specification “Old Russian”, “Western Russian”, etc.) Russian then ... ... Wikipedia Russian

Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary- I. RUSSIAN RUSSIAN, Russian, trad. poet. ross, outdated Great Russian, obsolete Great Russian, colloquial reduction hare, colloquial reduction Russopet, colloquial reduction russian, slang. russish RUSSIAN, Russian, obsolete. Great Russian, slang. russish II. Russian … Dictionary-thesaurus of synonyms of Russian speech

Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary- see: This is what the Jews do to the Russian people; Even the cool civilian zipper misses the Russian tripper; What Russian doesn't like driving fast?.; celebrate the centenary of the Russian balalaika; Translation from obscene language into Russian; Let's hit the Russian mentality... ... Dictionary of Russian argot

New Russian. 1. Unlock Representative of the Russian business elite. 2. Jarg. stud. Joking. Modern Russian language (academic subject). BSRG, 516. Russian in white. Jarg. they say Joking. Clearly, clearly, unambiguously. Radio “Nord West”, 04.28.01. /i>… … Large dictionary of Russian sayings

Books

Russian Reporter 16-2015, Editorial Board of the Russian Reporter magazine. Socio-political publication. Main headings: “Report”, “Actual”, “Figure”, “Trends”, “Culture”, “Poster”, “Habitat”, “Case” and much more. In addition, the magazine publishes...

The origins of the history of the Russian people go back to the era of the settlement of the Slavs from the areas where the Slavic community was formed at the turn of the era. It can be more clearly traced with the formation in the century of the Old Russian state, which arose as a result of the unification of the East Slavic tribes. The territory of the Old Russian state extended from the White Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, from the Carpathian Mountains in the west to the Volga in the east. The state included Finno-Ugric, Baltic and Turkic tribes.

The process of assimilation of local tribes by Slavic settlers was explained by the small number of Finnish tribes and the higher level of social development and material culture of the settlers. Assimilating, the Finno-Ugrians left as a legacy to the Slavic settlers certain anthropological features, toponymic and hydronymic nomenclature (names of rivers, lakes, villages and localities), as well as elements of traditional beliefs.

The migrations of the Slavic population were organically connected with the expanding development of territories and the inclusion of the Volga-Oka interfluve in the system of inter-princely relations. Developed interfluve area at the end - beginning of centuries. entered the political structure of the Old Russian state, as evidenced by the establishment of the princely table in Rostov for the sons of Prince Vladimir in the city. In fact, this region went beyond the boundaries of the interfluve and from the second half of the 13th century was perceived as North-Eastern Rus'. In the 12th century, North-Eastern Rus' was part of the Old Russian state. If during the heyday of Kyiv the concepts of “Rus” and “Russian land” extended primarily to the Kyiv and Chernigov lands, then from the XIII-XIV centuries. they were associated with the northeastern region. In the century there were more than 90 cities in the Old Russian state; in the 12th century there were 224 of them; this growth continued despite the Mongol-Tatar invasion.

After joining the empire under the Peace of Nystadt () with Sweden, Estland and Livonia, and later Courland, at the beginning of the 19th century Finland and Bessarabia, and in the second half of the century Central Asia and the Far East, Russians began to populate these regions (Semirechye, etc.) .

Social life associated with folk calendar rituals manifested itself mainly in joint festivities and festive entertainment. The Christmas and New Year cycle of rituals associated with the winter solstice was called Christmastide. Young people in a cheerful crowd went around the houses wishing the owners every kind of well-being and received rewards for this, most of all food supplies. The first holiday of the spring cycle was Maslenitsa - the week before the long fast that preceded Easter. The Maslenitsa celebration was generally riotous in nature and retained elements of very ancient rituals associated in the past with the cult of fertility and the cult of ancestors. After Maslenitsa, public life froze and revived again from Easter. Young people spent Easter week on the street. The most typical were mass games with a pronounced sports element (small towns, lapta). Swings were widely used. Women and children loved playing with colored eggs. In some places, round dances were still held at the end of the 19th century.

The spring cycle of rituals and holidays ended with Trinity (the 50th day from Easter), which also marked the transition to summer. Of all the Eastern Slavs, Trinity ritual and festivity were most developed among the Russians. On Trinity Sunday we walked in the meadows and forests. Churches and houses were decorated with young vegetation and birch trees. The main performers of ritual actions were girls and women.

The summer Kupala ritual was not so expressive among the Russians. It consisted of youth festivities with the lighting of bonfires and games of dousing with water. Healing herbs were collected at Kupala.

Summer holidays and youth celebrations ended on Peter's Day (June 29, old style). On the night before the holiday, young people walked until dawn - “greeted the sun.” It was customary to collect everything that was not tidied up and play mischief. Many people made noise, sang, beat on the stove dampers, etc.

Folklore

An ancient, gradually fading type of folk poetry among Russians was ritual folklore, accompanying family and calendar rituals. The basis of ritual folklore was songs. Among the wedding songs, there were majestic, comic-correcting, metaphorical-descriptive, etc. Calendar songs were closely related to rituals. Ritual folklore included conspiracies that were used for a variety of reasons.

The archaic genres of folklore included the heroic epic, which the Russians kept alive for centuries. The specifically Russian form of the historical-epic genre was epics. The favorite epic hero was the hero Ilya Muromets, to whom many feats were attributed, as well as Dobrynya Nikitich, Alyosha Popovich, Vasily Buslaev.

From the second half of the 16th century, historical songs, which depicted specific historical events of the 16th -19th centuries, became widely developed among the Russians. The most specific Russian stories are found mainly in everyday, satirical and anecdotal tales. Fairy tales occupied a particularly important place in family life. Works of non-fairy tale folklore prose - legends and tales in which the memory of real events was intertwined with fairy-tale plots - were widespread. Early East Slavic legends influenced ancient Russian chronicles (“The Tale of Bygone Years”

“The Russian soul has its own paradise and its own hell. Nowhere is there a more terrible hell, and nowhere is there a more wondrous paradise than in the Russian soul. Not a single person falls so deeply, to the last evil, as the Russian person; but in the same way one person does not reach as high, higher than the peaks, as the Russian man... The Russian soul is the most dramatic field in which angels and devils fight mercilessly for the Russian soul, the worlds fight jealously, God Himself and Satan himself fight... The paradise of the Russian soul. represent and constitute the God-bearers and Christ-bearers of the Russian land, the Russian saints: from Saint Vladimir to Patriarch Tikhon the Confessor. The paradise of the Russian soul is huge, wonderful, endless, for it is huge, for it is wonderful, for the holiness of the glorious saints of the Russian land is endless."

Russians are an unusually numerous people, formed from the tribes of the Eastern Slavs. Today, most Russians live on the territory of the Russian Federation (more than eighty percent of its population). Where did the Russian nation come from?

Russians descended from the Indo-European group of peoples. If you believe archaeological data, the Slavs appeared in the first millennium BC. They are the direct ancestors of the Russians and some other peoples. Slavic tribes, or rather East Slavic tribes, gradually settled and occupied the area of modern Russia.

The Eastern Slavs are even called “Russian Slavs”. Each tribe had its own name depending on the area where they were located. But later they all united (in the twelfth century), and then gave rise to the Russians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians (this happened in the seventeenth century).

After the tribes united, the Old Russian nation was formed. The main groups of Eastern Slavs from which the Russians originated:

Krivichi.
Slovenia.
Vyatichi.
Northerners.

It is also necessary to note the Finno-Ugric tribes: Merya, Meshchera, Muroma and others. But the process of uniting the tribes was disrupted due to the invasion of the Mongols. Gradually, the Cossacks, Belarusians, and Ukrainians began to separate themselves. The Russian state was formed in the fifteenth century, from where the Russian people emerged.

Where the Russian people came from can be found out from ancient literary sources: “The Tale of Bygone Years”, “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”, “Veles’s Book”.

Where did the word “Russian” come from?

It is not difficult to guess that the name of the people came from the word Rus', that is, from the state in which they lived. In turn, the origin of the word Rus is still controversial. There are many versions on this matter, which you can read about in the article “Theories of the origin of the name Rus”.

Initially, the word “Russian” was not used, they said Russian people. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the name “Russians” came, then “Great Russians”. But at the same time, the word “Russians” appeared here and there.

Where did the Russian land come from?

The emergence of Rus' and the state occurred as a result of the settlement of lands by Slavic tribes. Initially, these were Kyiv, Novgorod and the adjacent territories, the banks of the Dnieper and Dniester rivers. The Russian land was then called the Old Russian State, or Kievan Rus. Independent Russian principalities gradually formed (starting from the twelfth century). Then, in the middle of the sixteenth century, the Russian land was called the Russian kingdom. Since the eighteenth century - the Russian Empire.

Where did the Russian language come from?

Russian is an East Slavic language. It is very widespread in the world, and also occupies the lion's share among other Slavic languages in terms of frequency. Today, Russian is the official language in Russia. In addition, it is such in some other countries that have several languages.

Russian people - East Slavic ethnic group , is the largest ethnic group in Europe. According to various sources, the world is inhabited by from 129 to 160 million people. Russian diaspora is huge and concentrated in the countries of the former USSR: Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Moldova and other countries. 86% of Russians live in their historical homeland – Russia. Two thirds of the Russian population are adherents of Orthodox Christianity. The national language is Russian.

Origins of the Russian people

Peoples related by origin: and. Assumptions about the origin of the Russian people some. Here are the most famous:

1. Danube theory.

The chronicler Nestor worked hard on the collection “The Tale of Bygone Years.” The author determined the territory of settlement of Slavic tribes along the Danube. Subsequently, the chronicler's version was developed by historians Klyuchevsky and Soloviev. Many linguists and researchers still adhere to this theory.

2. Scythian theory.

The outstanding Russian genius Mikhail Lomonosov adhered to the Scythian-Sarmatian version of the origin of the Russian people. In his work “Ancient Russian History,” Lomonosov pointed out that the Russian people were formed as a result of the mixing of Slavic tribes and the Finno-Ugric tribe. According to the historian, the pagan beliefs of our ancestors have much in common with ancient culture.

3. Baltic theory

The hypothesis about the origin of Russians is based on DNA research of various peoples. According to the scientist Gellenthal, the roots of the Russian population are certainly connected with the trans-Baltic peoples and the migration of the Altai peoples. Alexey Shakhmatov also calls the territory of the Neman and Western Dvina the ancestral homeland of the Russians.

Nuances of Russian culture

Russian culture- this is an immense layer consisting of centuries-old traditions and vibrant rituals, unshakable spiritual values, a specific way of life, and everyday habits. That same Pushkin “Russian spirit” is acquired by a person born in the vastness of our Motherland. Russian man is a strong-willed personality. Breadth of soul, simplicity, kindness characterize the Russian ethnos. Throughout history, the Russian people have experienced enormous trials: wars, famine, devastation, natural disasters, enslavement by the Tatar-Mongol yoke. A stern disposition, a simplified attitude to everyday difficulties, hard work and lack of fear of the enemy characterized the Russian people in the Middle Ages. The mysterious Russian soul of modern man does not immediately reveal itself to foreigners.

The pride of Russian culture is the legacy of famous artists and writers, composers and architects. Surnames such as Pushkin, Tolstoy, Shishkin and Levitan, Tchaikovsky and Glinka pop up at lightning speed when it comes to Russian geniuses. But not only in creativity, but also in other fundamental fields, be it medicine, military affairs or rocket science, Russians will proudly join the list of famous world personalities.

Traditions of ancestors

In the modern way of life of Russian people, of course, a lot has changed. Fast cars, everyday comfort, glossy clothes, trendy gadgets have penetrated into every home. However, and fortunately, at the most significant moments for a Russian person, he returns to the imperishable Slavic traditions and rituals.

Russian wedding certainly begins with matchmaking, and the festivities still contain elements of ancient traditions: bride price, family loaf, gifting of the newlyweds. Baptismal and funeral rites have remained almost unchanged. In many families, farewell to the deceased still follows ancient traditions (hanging mirrors, funeral rites, funeral food). The unity of Russians was manifested not only during sad events, but also in holding public festivities.

It is still celebrated on a grand scale Maslenitsa. The tradition of burning effigy, the ritual of forgiving offenses and eating delicious pancakes gives this holiday a special appeal. Among church holidays, the most revered among Russians are Christmas And Easter. In winter, children have fun, walking from house to house and singing carols. For glorifying Christ, children receive sweets and money from their owners. For Easter, every home will have a fragrant Easter cake prepared and eggs painted. The tradition of visiting cemeteries these days, remembering departed relatives and friends, has not been eradicated.

Russian blood in global politics

Recently, the “Russian theme” has become very relevant, actively used in the political sphere. The press and television are full of speeches on this topic, usually muddy and contradictory. Some say that the Russian people do not exist at all, who consider only Orthodox Christians to be Russians, who include in this concept everyone who speaks Russian, etc. Meanwhile, science has already given absolutely definite answer to this question.

The scientific data below is a terrible secret. Formally, this data is not classified, since it was obtained by American scientists outside the scope of defense research, and even published here and there, but organized around it CONSPIRACY silence is unprecedented. The atomic project at its initial stage cannot even be compared, then some things still leaked into the press, and in this case, nothing at all.

What is this terrible secret, the mention of which is a worldwide taboo?

This the mystery of the origin and historical path of the Russian people.

Why information is hidden, more on that later. First, briefly about the essence of the discovery of American geneticists. There are 46 chromosomes in human DNA, half of which are inherited from the father and half from the mother. Of the 23 chromosomes received from the father, only one - the male Y chromosome - contains a set of nucleotides that is passed on from generation to generation without any changes for thousands of years. Geneticists call this set haplogroup. Every man living today has in his DNA exactly the same haplogroup as his father, grandfather, great-grandfather, great-great-grandfather, and so on for many generations.

Our ancestors migrated from the ethnic home not only to the east, to the Urals, and to the south, to India and Iran, but also to the west, to where European countries are now located. In the western direction, geneticists have complete statistics: in Poland, the owners of the Russian (Aryan) haplogroup R1a1 make up 57% male population, in Latvia, Lithuania, Czech Republic and Slovakia – 40% , in Germany, Norway and Sweden – 18% , In Bulgaria - 12% , and in England the least - 3% .

Unfortunately, there is so far no ethnogenetic information on the European patrimonial aristocracy, and therefore it is impossible to determine whether the share of ethnic Russians is evenly distributed across all social strata of the population or, as in India and, presumably, Iran, the Aryans made up the nobility in the lands where they came . The only reliable evidence in favor of the latter version was a by-product of a genetic examination to establish the authenticity of the remains of the family of Nicholas II. The Y chromosomes of the king and heir Alexei turned out to be identical to samples taken from their relatives from the English royal family. This means that at least one royal house of Europe, namely the house of the Germans Hohenzollern, of which the English Windsors are a branch, has Aryan roots.

However, Western Europeans (haplogroup R1b) in any case are our closest relatives, oddly enough, much closer than the Northern Slavs (haplogroup N) and Southern Slavs (haplogroup I1b). Our common ancestor with Western Europeans lived about 13 thousand years ago, at the end of the Ice Age, five thousand years before gathering began to develop into crop farming, and hunting into cattle breeding. That is, in the very gray Stone Age antiquity. And the Slavs are even further from us in blood.

The settlement of Russian-Aryans to the east, south and west (there was simply nowhere to go further to the north, and so, according to the Indian Vedas, before coming to India they lived near the Arctic Circle) became a biological prerequisite for the formation of a special language group, Indo-European. These are almost all European languages, some languages of modern Iran and India and, of course, the Russian language and ancient Sanskrit, which are closest to each other for the obvious reason - in time (Sanskrit) and in space (Russian language) they stand next to the original source, the Aryan proto-language , from which all other Indo-European languages grew.

The above are irrefutable natural scientific facts, moreover, obtained by independent American scientists. Disputing them is the same as disagreeing with the results of a blood test in a clinic. They are not disputed. They are simply hushed up. They are hushed up unanimously and stubbornly, they are hushed up, one might say, completely. And there are reasons for this.

The first such reason is quite trivial and boils down to scientific false solidarity. Too many theories, concepts and scientific reputations will have to be refuted if they are revised in the light of the latest discoveries of ethnogenetics.

For example, we will have to rethink everything that is known about the Tatar-Mongol invasion of Rus'. The armed conquest of peoples and lands was always and everywhere accompanied at that time by the mass rape of local women. Traces in the form of Mongolian and Turkic haplogroups should have remained in the blood of the male part of the Russian population. But they are not there! Solid R1a1 and nothing more, the purity of the blood is amazing. This means that the Horde that came to Rus' was not at all what is commonly thought of it; if the Mongols were present there, it was in statistically insignificant numbers, and who was called “Tatars” is generally unclear. Well, which scientist would refute scientific principles supported by mountains of literature and great authorities?!

No one wants to spoil relationships with colleagues and be branded an extremist by destroying established myths. This happens all the time in an academic environment - if the facts don't match the theory, so much the worse for the facts.

The second reason, incomparably more significant, belongs to the sphere of geopolitics. The history of human civilization appears in a new and completely unexpected light, and this cannot but have serious political consequences.

Throughout modern history, the pillars of European scientific and political thought proceeded from the idea of Russians as barbarians who had recently climbed down from the trees, backward by nature and incapable of creative work. And suddenly it turns out that Russians are those same arias, which had a decisive influence on the formation of great civilizations in India, Iran and Europe itself. What exactly Europeans owe Russians to so many in their prosperous lives, starting with the languages they speak. It is no coincidence that in recent history, a third of the most important discoveries and inventions belong to ethnic Russians in Russia itself and abroad. It is no coincidence that the Russian people were able to repel the invasions of the united forces of continental Europe led by Napoleon and then Hitler. And so on.

It is no coincidence that behind all this there is a great historical tradition, thoroughly forgotten over many centuries, but remaining in the collective subconscious of the Russian people and manifesting itself whenever the nation faces new challenges. Manifesting itself with iron inevitability due to the fact that it grew on a material, biological basis in the form Russian blood, which remains unchanged for four and a half millennia.

Western politicians and ideologists have a lot to think about in order to make their policy towards Russia more adequate in the light of the historical circumstances discovered by geneticists. But they don’t want to think or change anything, hence the conspiracy of silence around the Russian-Aryan theme. However, the Lord is with them and with their ostrich politics. What is much more important for us is that ethnogenetics brings a lot of new things to the Russian situation itself.

In this regard, the main thing lies in the very statement of the existence of the Russian people, as a biologically integral and genetically homogeneous entity. The main thesis of the Russophobic propaganda of the Bolsheviks and current liberals is precisely the denial of this fact. The scientific community is dominated by the idea formulated Lev Gumilev in his theory of ethnogenesis: “from a mixture of Alans, Ugrians, Slavs and Turks, the Great Russian people developed”. “National Leader” repeats the common saying “scratch a Russian and you will find a Tatar.” And so on.

Why do the enemies of the Russian nation need this?

The answer is obvious. If the Russian people as such do not exist, but some kind of amorphous “mixture” exists, then anyone can control this “mixture” - be it Germans, be it African pygmies, or even Martians. The denial of the biological existence of the Russian people is ideological justification for the dominance of the non-Russian “elite” in Russia, formerly Soviet, now liberal.

But then the Americans with their genetics intervene, and it turns out that there is no “mixture”, that the Russian people have existed unchanged for four and a half thousand years, that Alans and Turks and many others also live in Russia, but these are separate, distinctive peoples and etc. And the question immediately arises: why then are Russia not ruled by Russians for almost a century? Illogical and wrong Russians should be ruled by Russians.

The Czech Jan Hus, a professor at the University of Prague, argued in a similar way six hundred years ago: “...Czechs in the Kingdom of Bohemia, by law and by the dictates of nature, should be first in positions, just like the French in France and the Germans in their lands”. This statement of his was considered politically incorrect, intolerant, inciting ethnic hatred, and the professor was burned at the stake.

Now morals have softened, professors are not burned, but so that people are not tempted to succumb to Hussite logic, in Russia non-Russian authorities simply “cancelled” the Russian people– mixture, they say. And everything would have been fine, but the Americans jumped out from somewhere with their analyzes and ruined the whole thing. There is nothing to cover them with, all that remains is to hush up the scientific results, which is done to the hoarse sounds of an old and hackneyed Russophobic propaganda record.

The collapse of the myth about the Russian people as an ethnic “mixture” automatically destroys another myth - the myth about the “multinationality” of Russia. Until now, they have tried to present the ethno-demographic structure of our country as a vinaigrette from a Russian “mixture” of who knows what, and many indigenous peoples and newcomer diasporas. With such a structure, all its components are approximately equal in size, so Russia is supposedly “multinational.”

But genetic studies provide a completely different picture. If you believe the Americans (and there is no reason not to believe them, they are authoritative scientists, their reputation trembles, and they have no reason to lie in such a pro-Russian way), then it turns out that 70% of the total male population of Russia are purebred Russians. According to the data of the penultimate census (the results of the latter are not yet known), they consider themselves Russians 80% respondents, that is, 10% more, are Russified representatives of other nations (precisely among these 10% , if you “scratch”, you will find non-Russian roots). AND 20% accounts for the remaining 170-odd peoples, nationalities and tribes living on the territory of the Russian Federation. In summary, Russia is a mono-ethnic country, albeit multi-ethnic, with an overwhelming demographic majority of natural Russians. This is where Jan Hus' logic comes into play.

Next, about backwardness. The clergy thoroughly contributed to this myth - they say that before the baptism of Rus', people lived in complete savagery. Wow, wild! They mastered half the world, built great civilizations, taught the aborigines their language, and all this long before the Nativity of Christ... It doesn’t fit, no way The real story does not fit with its church version. There is something primordial, natural in the Russian people that cannot be reduced to religious life.

Of course, biology and the social sphere cannot be equated. There are undoubtedly points of contact between them, but how one passes into the other, how the material becomes ideal, is unknown to science. In any case, it is obvious that under the same conditions different peoples have different patterns of life activity.

In the northeast of Europe, in addition to the Russians, many peoples lived and now live. But none of them created anything even remotely similar to great Russian civilization. The same applies to other places of civilizational activity of the Russian-Aryans in ancient times. Natural conditions are different everywhere, and the ethnic environment is different, therefore the civilizations built by our ancestors are not the same, but there is something common to all of them - they are great on the historical scale of values and far exceed the achievements of their neighbors.

The father of dialectics, the ancient Greek Heraclitus, is known as the author of the saying “everything flows, everything changes.” Less well known is the continuation of this phrase: "except the human soul". While a person is alive, his soul remains unchanged (what happens to it in the afterlife is not for us to judge). The same is true for a more complex form of organization of living matter than a person - for a people. The people's soul is unchanged as long as the people's body is alive. The Russian folk body is marked by nature with a special sequence of nucleotides in the DNA that controls this body. This means that as long as there are people with the haplogroup on earth R1a1 in the Y chromosome, their people retain their souls unchanged.

Language evolves, culture develops, religious beliefs change, and Russian soul remains the same as all four and a half millennia of the existence of the people in its current genetic form. And together, the body and soul, constituting a single biosocial entity under the name “Russian people,” have a natural ability for great achievements on a civilizational scale. The Russian people have demonstrated this many times in the past; this potential remains in the present and will always exist as long as the people live.