The cranes call each other carefully. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. “The bright April evening has burned out... Checking homework
1874 - the Bunin family moves to the family estate. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin was born on October 22, 1870 in Voronezh. The painful pain of separation from the Motherland. What is the main theme of all the works of I.A. Bunin. What feelings does the poem evoke? Bunin. He and sister Masha ate black bread. Bunin's poem was published for the first time in the Rodina newspaper. Write down phrases that characterize the features of creativity.
“Mr. from San Francisco” - Before the last exit. Such lightness in everything, in life, in audacity, and in death. On the deck of the Atlantis. Gentleman from San Francisco. I.A. Bunin. Reflection of the tragedy and catastrophic nature of life in I. Bunin’s stories “Easy Breathing”, “The Gentleman from San Francisco”. Now I have only one way out... What is “Easy Breathing” according to I.A. Bunin. Head of the gymnasium. Olya Meshcherskaya.
“Biography of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin” - Time of hard work. The gymnasium where Bunin did not finish his studies. Bunin died. Last days. Bunin and Pashchenko. Alexey Nikolaevich Bunin. Rose of Jericho. English language. Bunin visited Yalta. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. Bunin's family life. Nobel Prize. The beginning of creativity. Odessa. Bunin's prose. Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Bunina. Bunin became the first Russian Nobel Prize laureate. Bunin's house. Emigrant period.
“The Life of I.A. Bunin” - Adolescence. Death. Literary debut. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin. Having entered the gymnasium in Yelets in 1881, he studied there for only five years. Parents took Vanya and younger sisters. Life in exile. Bunin repeatedly expressed his desire to return to his homeland. In 1874, the Bunins moved from the city to the village. Childhood. Nobel laureate. Mother. 1895 was a turning point in the writer’s fate. Father. Trips. Life after death.
“Dark Alleys” by Bunin - Interior. Nikolai Alekseevich is tired of life. Scenery. Life results. Baba is a mind ward. Love in the lives of heroes. Remark. Nikolai Alekseevich. Heroes of the novel. Nikolai Alekseevich is tired. Features of the genre. The originality of the interpretation of the theme of love. New in the character of Nikolai Alekseevich. Moral lessons by I.A. Bunina. Portrait of Nadezhda. Hope. A telling detail. Before us is a tired man. Landscape sketch. Why is Nikolai Alekseevich tired?
“Biography and Work of Bunin” - The future writer did not receive a systematic education, which he regretted all his life. It was Julius who had a great influence on the formation of Bunin’s tastes and views. Ivan Alekseevich was buried in the Russian cemetery of Saint-Genevieve des Bois near Paris. Outwardly, Bunin's poems looked traditional both in form and theme. Creative activity Bunin began writing early. Wrote essays, sketches, poems. And yet, despite the imitation, there was some special intonation in Bunin’s poems.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin
The bright April evening has burned out,
A cold twilight lay over the meadows.
The rooks are sleeping; distant noise of the stream
In the darkness it mysteriously died out.
But fresh smells like greenery
Young frozen black soil,
And flows cleaner over the fields
Starlight in the silence of the night.
Through the hollows, reflecting the stars,
The pits shine with quiet water,
Cranes calling to each other
They move in a cautious crowd.
And Spring in a green grove
Waiting for the dawn, holding his breath, -
He listens sensitively to the rustling of trees,
Looks vigilantly into the dark fields.
The early period of Ivan Bunin’s work is not associated with prose, but with poetry. The aspiring writer was convinced that poetry was the most accurate and figurative form of conveying his thoughts and feelings, so he tried to use them to convey his observations to readers.
It is this period of Bunin’s work that is characterized by amazingly beautiful landscape lyricism with carefully verified metaphors, which in their elegance are in no way inferior to the figurative comparisons of Fet or Maykov - the recognized kings of landscape lyricism. Young Bunin has amazing powers of observation and knows how to notice every little detail, transforming it into expressive and memorable images.
Unlike its predecessors, Ivan Bunin does not strive to animate nature, perceiving it with a large degree of objectivity. However, he never tires of admiring how beautiful and impeccable the world around him is, the harmony of which invariably makes an indelible impression on the author. The poem “The April Bright Evening”, written in 1892, is also expressed in a similar enthusiastic vein.
This work is dedicated to the first days of spring, when the earth is just awakening from winter hibernation. It's still quite cold in the evenings, and as dusk sets in, there's little reminder that nicer days are just around the corner. However, the poet notes that it is on cold April evenings that “the young, chilled black soil smells fresh of greenery.” Even the insidious spring frosts have already receded, and at night “through the hollows, reflecting the stars, the pits shine with quiet water.” The world, as Bunin subtly notes, is gradually transforming. However, to an uninitiated person this process seems completely invisible. Only when flocks of cranes appear on the horizon returning to their native places do the last doubts that spring has already come into its own disappear. “The cranes, calling to each other, move in a cautious crowd,” notes the author.
Wherein It seems to Bunin that spring itself is still waiting for something and is in no hurry to give life-giving warmth to the surrounding world. She “sensitively listens to the rustling of the trees, looks vigilantly into the dark fields,” trying to understand whether it is worth coming to this land at all. And such indecision evokes conflicting feelings in the poet’s soul: he wants to both hasten the capricious spring and prolong those amazing moments when the world is just preparing for its arrival.
* * *
In the sun the dark forest glowed,
In the valley thin steam whitens,
And he sang an early song
In the azure the lark is ringing.
Sings, sparkling in the sun:
“Spring has come to us young,
I’m here singing the coming of spring.”
Vasily Zhukovsky.
* * *
All snow fields have red spots - thawed patches. Day by day there are more and more of them. Before you even have time to blink your eye, all these little freckles will merge into one big spring.
All winter the forests and fields smelled of snow. Now the new smells have thawed out. Where they crawled, and where they rushed over the ground on light streams of wind.
Black layers of thawed arable land, like black ridges of waves, smell of earth and wind. The forest smells of rotten leaves and heated bark. Smells ooze from everywhere: from the thawed earth, through the first green bristles of grass, through the first flowers, like splashes of the sun. They flow in streams from the first sticky leaves of birch trees, dripping along with birch sap.
Along their invisible fragrant paths, the first bees hurry to the flowers and the first butterflies rush. The little bunnies sniffle and smell green grass! And you yourself won’t be able to resist sticking your nose into the willow “lambs.” And your nose will turn yellow from sticky pollen.
Fast forest streams absorbed the smells of mosses, old grass, stale leaves, heavy birch drops - and carried them along the ground.
There are more and more smells: they are thicker and sweeter. And soon all the air in the forest will become a continuous smell. And even the first green haze over the birches will seem not a color, but a smell.
And all the freckles and thawed patches will merge into one big fragrant spring.
Nikolay Sladkov.
* * *
Driven by spring rays,
There is already snow from the surrounding mountains
Escaped through muddy streams
To the flooded meadows.
Nature's clear smile
Through a dream he greets the morning of the year;
The skies are blue and shining.
Still transparent, forests
It's like they're turning green.
Bee for field tribute
Flies from a wax cell.
The valleys are dry and colorful;
The herds rustle and the nightingale
Already singing in the silence of the night.
Alexander Pushkin.
* * *
The last snow in the field is melting,
Warm steam rises from the ground,
And the blue jug blooms,
And the cranes call each other.
Young forest, dressed in green smoke,
Warm thunderstorms are impatiently waiting,
Everything is warmed by the breath of spring,
Everything around loves and sings.
Alexey Tolstoy.
* * *
The kingdom of spring days has returned:
The stream rings over the pebbles,
And with a cry a flock of cranes
It's already flying towards us.
The forests smell like resin,
Blushing petal buds
Suddenly sighed
And millions of flowers
The meadow was covered.
Stepan Drozhzhin.
* * *
The bright April evening has burned out ,
A cold twilight lay over the meadows.
The rooks are sleeping; distant noise of the stream
In the darkness it mysteriously died out.
But fresh smells like greenery
Young frozen black soil,
And flows more often over the fields
Starlight in the silence of the night.
Through the hollows, reflecting the stars,
The pits shine with quiet water,
Cranes calling to each other
They move cautiously in a crowd.
And Spring in a green grove
Waiting for dawn, holding his breath, -
He listens sensitively to the rustling of trees,
Looks vigilantly into the dark fields.
Ivan Surikov.
The long-awaited spring has arrived! There is almost no snow left. The earth is gradually beginning to change its clothes.
The first trees bloom. You can hear hungry insects buzzing, looking for food. The shaggy bumblebee circled over the bare trees for a long time, and then finally sat down on the willow and buzzed even louder. The beautiful willow will feed all the insects that fly to it.
A carpet of primroses spreads out underfoot. Here are coltsfoot, corydalis, goose onions, and many other plants that bloom in early spring.
The power of life wins! Tiny sprouts break through and reach for the sun. They so want to live, to please people with their beauty.
Dense green spruce forest near the road,
Deep fluffy snow.
A deer walked in them, powerful, thin-legged,
Throwing heavy horns to the back.
Here is his trace. There are paths trampled here,
Here I bent the tree and scraped it with a white tooth -
And a lot of coniferous crosses, ostinok
It fell from the top of the head onto the snowdrift.
Here is the trail again, measured and sparse,
And suddenly - a jump! And far away in the meadow
The dog race is lost - and the branches are lost,
Covered with horns on the run...
Oh, how easily he passed through the valley!
How madly, in an abundance of fresh strength,
In joyfully bestial swiftness.
He took beauty away from death!
I. A. Bunin “Two Rainbows”
Two rainbows - and golden, rare
Spring rain. In the west just about
The rays will flash. On the top grid
Gardens, thick from the May weather,
On the gloomy forecastle of an illuminated cloud
The bird turns black as a dot. Everything is fresh
Light rainbows purple green
And the sweet smell of rye.
I. A. Bunin “The bright April evening burned out”
The bright April evening has burned out,
A cold twilight lay over the meadows.
The rooks are sleeping; distant noise of the stream
In the darkness it mysteriously died out.
But fresh smells like greenery
Young frozen black soil,
And flows cleaner over the fields
Starlight in the silence of the night.
Through the hollows, reflecting the stars,
The pits shine with quiet water,
Cranes calling to each other
They move in a cautious crowd.
And Spring in a green grove
Waiting for dawn, holding his breath, -
He listens sensitively to the rustling of trees,
Looks vigilantly into the dark fields.
I. A. Bunin “The field is smoking, the dawn is white”
The field is smoking, the dawn is white,
Eagles scream in the foggy steppe,
And wildly their cry is hungry
Among the cold floating haze.
Their wings are in the dew, the weeds are in the dew,
The fields are fragrant from sleep...
Your cheerful cold is sweet to the dawn,
Your languid hunger is your call, spring!
You won, the whole steppe is smoking,
Eagles scream imperiously over the steppe,
And the clouds are burning hot,
And the sun rises like a ball from the darkness!
Sections: Literature
There is no need to decorate nature, but you need to feel its essence... ( I.I. Levitan.)
Equipment:
- Illustrations:
portrait of I.A. Bunin;
reproductions of paintings by I.I. Levitan “Spring. Big Water”, A.K. Savrasov “The Rooks have Arrived”, I. Grabar “March”. - Recording of musical fragments of the composition “April” by the group “Deep Purple”.
- Whatman paper with Bunin’s poem “The April Bright Evening Has Burned Out.”
- Handouts (A. Fet’s poem “She came, and everything around melts…”, table “Types of speech”).
Goals:
- Show the features of Bunin's lyrics (plot content, picturesqueness, musicality), conducting a comparative analysis with the lyrics of A. Fet, paintings by painters, music.
- Develop a sensitive attitude towards native nature, towards human feelings.
- Working with words (speech development).
- Repetition of the theory of literature: lyrics, lyrical “I” of the poet, character, tropes (epithet, personification), sound repetitions.
- Vocabulary work: art, masterpiece, painting, landscape,palette, eden, black soil, greenery.
During the classes:
1. Checking homework.
Teacher's opening remarks:
I.A. Bunin, our fellow countryman, is considered an unsurpassed master of words. For his talent, he received the Nobel Prize (1931), the highest creative award.
The natural conditions in which a person grows and lives leave a big imprint on a person’s character, his attitude, and the artistic manner of expressing feelings.
Question: What is Bunin's image of the Motherland? His landscape?
Answer: This is the nature of central Russia. Nature of the Voronezh region. She is dim, but charming. Its expanses are huge. Hence the modesty, the accuracy of Bunin’s epithets, the laconicism of sentences, the mood of melancholy, loneliness, and homelessness. An example of this is the poem “Motherland”.
Reading by heart by students (1-2 people) the poem “Motherland” by I.A. Bunin.
Work on a textbook article about Bunin's work assigned for homework.
Question: What are the features of I.A. Bunin’s creativity? What did he consider important to find in nature and reflect in poetry?
Answers:
- Bunin said that the world consists of a great variety of combinations of colors and light; it is very important to accurately capture them and skillfully select their verbal equivalent.
- No less important for him was observing the sky - the source of light. It is very important for an artist and poet to depict the sky correctly, because... it expresses the mood of the picture. The sky reigns over everything.
- “And what a torment it is to find a sound, a melody,...”
Teacher: I.A. Bunin was a very talented writer, because knew how to see shades of different states of nature. Bunin’s thirst for travel helped to conduct observations.
2. Record the topic of the lesson (“Features of landscape lyrics by I.A. Bunin”) and a conversation on the topic.
Teacher: The features of Bunin's lyrics have been determined by us. But one can feel the originality of his lyrics only in comparison with the lyrics of other poets, the canvases of landscape painters, and the art of music. His works are akin to the works of painters and musicians.
Question: What allows us to draw such parallels?
Answer: The very concept of “art”, because it reflects life, albeit through different means. Creative individuals are deeply feeling and observant people. This allows them to create real masterpieces (samples!) that are not forgotten for centuries.
Question: How does painting reflect the phenomena of life? With using what?
Answer: Using color, light and shade and lines, it displays real space on a plane (on canvas).
Teacher: The artist's task is very difficult, because... There are many more colors and shades in nature than there are colors in a box. The color of real objects is more saturated than the color of paints.
As the title of the lesson suggests, we will talk about spring. Spring... What happens in nature, how does it change from month to month? What clothes does nature wear, what color scheme, palette predominates? We have to answer these questions by getting acquainted with the paintings of Russian artists.
Conversation on questions about Igor Grabar’s painting “March Snow”.
- What time of year is shown in the picture? (Spring.)
- What month? (First days of March.)
- The mood of the picture? (Joy from the onset of warmth, abundance of sunlight.)
How did the artist achieve this? (Using a bright March palette. Although there is still snow, the shadows on it are bright blue, which only happens in March. Bright shades of warm yellow remind us of the blinding rays of the sun in spring.)
Teacher: Days like these tell us that winter is leaving. Man and nature survived long months of cold, darkness, and sad thoughts. Now there are good changes. The ringing of drops, as popular beliefs say, drives away evil forces.
Teacher: Russian artists depicted various corners of Russian nature with soulful lyricism and warmth. One of them is A.K. Savrasov.
Conversation on questions about the painting by Alexei Kondratievich Savrasov “The Rooks Have Arrived”.
- What moment of spring is depicted? (End of March.)
- What in the picture suggests this? (The rooks have arrived and have already built their nests. There is a lot of water. The snow is loose, dirty, melting. In the gloomy cloudy sky there is a struggle between spring and winter (according to legends). It will snow soon.)
- Palette? (Spring. Snow is written in the most delicate shades of blue, cyan, warm yellow.)
- Mood? (Alarming. Even uncomfortable. On the right is a puddle of melt water. In the middle is a peeling church with a bell tower. Rooks’ nests on the birches are disheveled.)
Teacher: The atmosphere of moving, change, untidyness. But nature and people are always happy about these changes - the trees reach for the sky. The sky is reflected in the puddles, thanks to which the space of the picture expands.
Teacher: Levitan is a student of Savrasov. Pay special attention to the painting by this artist, because... his manner of expression, his images and moods are very similar to Bunin’s landscape lyrics. It is not for nothing that in your literature textbook a poem by I. Bunin and a painting by I. Levitan are placed next to each other. That is why I took I. Levitan’s statement about how nature should be depicted in painting as the epigraph for the lesson. It is necessary to look thoughtfully, and the deep and spiritual beauty of dim Russian nature will be revealed to the attentive viewer.
Appeal to the epigraph. Conversation on questions about the painting by Isaac Ilyich Levitan “Spring. Big water."
- What moment of spring is depicted in the picture? (End of April.)
- What compositional details indicate this?
(There is no more snow. The ice has melted on the rivers. There is a lot of water. “Big water” is living water that feeds the earth. The trees are shrouded in a green haze (from swollen green buds). Sunny. The sky is light blue, April. There are light white clouds in the sky. ) Palette? (Levitan paints a gentle spring outfit of the earth. Warm tones:.)
blue, light yellow, pink, green color, muted brown What feelings do you get when you look at the picture? (Bright, kind: Warm May days are approaching, good changes are coming.
Teacher: But there is also sadness - from the cold of the transparent sky, from the boat standing alone near the shore.)
Levitan's canvases often evoke melancholy feelings, feelings of loneliness and sadness. The artist himself spoke about it this way: “This melancholy is in me, it is inside me, but... it is diffused in nature... I would like to express sadness, hopelessness, peace.”
Teacher: 3. Analysis of the poem by I.A. Bunin “The April Bright Evening Burned Down.” This Bunin poem is special in many respects. Listen to him please.
The bright April evening has burned out,
A cold twilight lay over the meadows.
The rooks are sleeping; distant noise of the stream
In the darkness it mysteriously died out.But fresh smells like greenery
Young frozen black soil,
And flows cleaner over the fields
Starlight in the silence of the night.Through the hollows, reflecting the stars,
The pits shine with quiet water,
Cranes calling to each other
(Reading a poem by the teacher.)They move cautiously in a crowd.
And spring in the green grove
He listens sensitively to the rustling of trees,
Looks vigilantly into the dark fields.
Question: Waiting for dawn, holding my breath,
Answer: Tell me, is the picture painted by Bunin similar to Levitan’s April landscape?
Question: Yes. But the lighting has changed. The time of day in the poem is night.
Answer: What luminaries give light?
Question: Stars. And the pits shine with reflected light.
Answer:What is the subject line that creates the image of an April night? Dusk cold, the noise of the flow has died down, In the dark stars are shining night silence, be careful cranes fly in the night, black soil
Question:(The meaning of the root also creates a feeling of darkness.)
At night, all objects have the same black silhouette. Why do we see a color picture? Answer-conclusion:
Question: Bunin gives two parallel light plans in the poem, namely, a spring day and a spring night.
Answer: By what artistic means does Bunin convey the colors of a spring day?
Teacher: In words. Paths.
Answer: In comparison with the poem “Motherland,” where Bunin paints a winter landscape using a large number of color epithets and shades (milky white, deathly lead, etc.), there are fewer epithets in the analyzed poem. Find them. To depict the colors of spring, Bunin uses the following epithets:
bright evening, etc. Teacher cranes fly in the night,: Instead of color epithets, Bunin selects color nouns (very fertile land, as opposed to sandy soil), greenery
Question: How does Bunin convey the spring state of nature? What's happening to her? This will give us an answer to the question of why in the folk poetic consciousness spring is the birth of a new life. To do this, you need to build a certain figurative series.
Answer: Figurative row: bright evening(the day has lengthened) (very fertile land, as opposed to sandy soil),(new shoots sprout in the fields), (updated) young black soil, green grove ( new leaves) cleaner light flows (and the air is clean ), flow noise And pits with water (a lot of water, the rivers overflowed their banks), spring birds arrived - rooks, are returning cranes.
Teacher: Bunin also managed to convey Feel– the invigorating (awakening to life) cold of a spring night.
Question: Find epithets that reflect these sensations.
Answer:Cold dusk, chilled black soil, starlight flows purer(a feeling of cold is also created, since stars are cold bodies).
Teacher: Can we feel the spring smells: pleasantly sharp, exciting?
Answer: The black soil smells fresh and green.
Teacher:Sounds Bunin conveys spring using a special poetic technique of sound recording.
Question: In what ways can sounds be conveyed in poetic speech?
Answer: Using alliteration, repetition of consonant sounds ( the noise of the stream died down, the rustling of trees), and sound descriptions (cranes stretch , calling out each other (purr)).
Teacher: Another feature of Bunin’s lyrics is its narrative, epic quality (“he mixed up prose and poetry”).
Question: We remember the distinctive features of epic and lyric poetry. What are they?
Answer: The prose is plot-driven. This is a story about the life of a hero (an incident from life). A prose work has a special narrative composition. Lyrics are an expression of the feelings of a poet, writer. It has no plot.
Teacher: Try to retell Bunin's poem using a scheme familiar to you (first..., then..., finally...). Which part of speech words can help you?
Answer: Verbs. They are the hallmark of storytelling.
Poem composition:
Introduction. The evening ended, darkness fell, the rooks fell asleep (nature sleeps - verbs of peace).
The beginning. The sound of the stream died out (sharply, suddenly) mysteriously (something must happen in nature).
Main action. Climax. (Verbs of motion are used.) The black soil smells, excites the smell, the light flows, the pits shine (do not sleep), the cranes fly, calling to each other. The incessant movement and sounds of the April night lead to a denouement, hastening the onset of spring.
Denouement. Conclusion. Spring does not sleep, waits for the dawn, holds its breath, listens sensitively, watches vigilantly. In the morning she will come into her own.
Teacher: What is Bunin's lyrical hero like? His lyrical “I”?
Answer: In Bunin, rather, the character, the protagonist, is nature, and the lyrical “I” (the feelings of the poet himself) is hidden in the subtext.
Teacher: Compare Bunin’s poem “The April Bright Evening Has Burned Out” with the spring poem by Afanasy Fet “She came, and everything around is melting.”
Students read a poem against the background of a piece of music.
She came, and everything around melts,
Everything longs to give itself to life,
And the heart, a prisoner of winter blizzards,
Suddenly I forgot how to squeeze.It spoke, it bloomed
Everything that yesterday languished silently.
And the sky brought sighs
From the dissolved gates of Eden.How cheerful the small clouds are!
And in inexplicable triumph
Round dance through trees
Puffs of greenish smoke.The sparkling stream sings,
And from the sky a song, as it used to be;
It seems to say:
Everything that forged has passed.You can't have petty worries
Although you won’t be ashamed for a moment.
You can't stand in front of eternal beauty
Don't sing, don't praise, don't pray.
Answer-reasoning: In Fet’s poem, the lyrical “I” is already in rhythm, coinciding with the musical fragment (hurrying to express feelings in one breath), in exclamatory intonations (admiring, solemn).
Bunin's intonation is narrative, unhurried. Human feelings and animation appear in personifications (dusk lay down, flow stalled, spring waiting, holding my breath, pits are shining water, reminiscent of the eyes of a person who does not sleep, who is prevented from falling asleep by the sounds of awakening nature). Both nature and man wake up from winter torpor, sleep, and rush to the best time of life - spring.
Final words from the teacher: I.A. Bunin considered poetry a very difficult craft and was always worried whether it was possible or not to convey in words the colors of nature, light, and sound. Outwardly, words consisting of letters are paler than pictorial and musical means of expression. But, as you noticed, they can say, perhaps, much more. I would like to end the lesson with the words of another Bunin poem, reflecting the great writer’s reverent attitude to the word.
The tombs, mummies and bones are silent, -
Only the word is given life:
From ancient darkness, on the world graveyard,
Only the Letters sound.And we have no other property!
Know how to take care
At least to the best of my ability, in days of anger and suffering,
Our immortal gift is speech.
