Folk proverbs and sayings for children. Russian proverbs and sayings: meaning and meaning

Proverbs and sayings - it seems like something from deep childhood, from a colorful reading textbook for elementary school. And, at the same time, they remind you of themselves every day, even if no one says them. Because they are life itself, its reflection. If you want, “formulas” of life that explain: if you do this, it will happen like this, but this happened for some reason... After all, proverbs contain folk wisdom. Experience of generations, independent of any historical era, neither from fashion, nor from political or economic situation. The only thing this experience depends on is time, which enriches and fills it.

Proverbs can be called a storehouse of experience and wisdom in their purest form. This is a short saying, instructive in spirit and having a complete meaning. For example: “you can’t catch a fish out of a pond without difficulty.”

A saying is something else. Rather, it is simply a stable combination expressing some thought, concept instead of some word, or denoting a frequently repeated, recognizable phenomenon: “like two peas in a pod,” “out of the blue,” “neither thought nor guessed, I can’t describe it with a pen”...

This is how it was initially, this is how the most old proverbs and sayings. After all, there were times when even books were a huge rarity, and all a person had was his own mind and speech.

Then, when literature, the press, even television spread, the storehouse of wisdom began to be replenished with “author’s” proverbs and sayings - catchphrases heroes of favorite films, well-aimed phrases in book texts... But the meaning of proverbs and sayings in our lives remains the same: a hint at a crossroads, consolation in trouble, a reminder of what we must not forget...

RUSSIAN PROVERBS AND SAYINGS: MEANING AND MEANING

All tryn-grass

The mysterious “tryn-grass” is not some kind of herbal medicine that people drink so as not to worry. At first it was called “tyn-grass”, and tyn is a fence. The result was “fence grass,” that is, a weed that no one needed, everyone was indifferent to.

Add the first number

You won't believe it, but old school students were flogged every week, no matter who was right or wrong. And if the “mentor” overdoes it, then such a spanking would last for a long time, until the first day of the next month.

Goal like a falcon

Terribly poor, beggar. Usually they think that we're talking about about the falcon bird. But she has nothing to do with it. In fact, the “falcon” is an ancient military battering gun. It was a completely smooth (“bare”) cast iron block attached to chains. Nothing extra!

Orphan Kazan

This is what they say about a person who pretends to be unhappy, offended, helpless in order to pity someone. But why is the orphan “Kazan”? It turns out that this phraseological unit arose after the conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible. The Mirzas (Tatar princes), finding themselves subjects of the Russian Tsar, tried to beg all sorts of concessions from him, complaining about their orphanhood and bitter fate.

Unlucky man

In the old days in Rus', “path” was called not only the road, but also different positions at the prince's court. The falconer's path is in charge of princely hunting, the hunter's path is in charge of hound hunting, the stableman's path is in charge of carriages and horses. The boyars tried by hook or by crook to get a position from the prince. And those who did not succeed were spoken of with disdain: a good-for-nothing person.

Inside out

Now this seems to be a completely harmless expression. And once it was associated with shameful punishment. During the time of Ivan the Terrible, a guilty boyar was placed backwards on a horse with his clothes turned inside out and, in this disgraced form, was driven around the city to the whistling and jeers of the street crowd.

Lead by the nose

Deceive by promising and not fulfilling what was promised. This expression was associated with fairground entertainment. Gypsies led bears by a ring threaded through their noses. And they forced them, the poor fellows, to do various tricks, deceiving them with the promise of a handout.

Scapegoat

This is the name given to a person who is blamed for someone else. The history of this expression is as follows: the ancient Jews had a rite of absolution. The priest laid both hands on the head of the living goat, thereby, as it were, transferring the sins of the entire people onto it. After this, the goat was driven out into the desert. Many, many years have passed, and the ritual no longer exists, but the expression still lives on.

Sharpen the laces

Lyasy (balusters) are turned figured posts of railings at the porch. Only a real master. Probably, at first, “sharpening balusters” meant conducting an elegant, fancy, ornate (like balusters) conversation. But in our time, the number of people skilled in conducting such a conversation became fewer and fewer. So this expression came to mean empty chatter.

Grated kalach

In the old days there really was such a type of bread - “grated kalach”. The dough for it was crushed, kneaded, “grated” for a very long time, which is why the kalach turned out to be unusually fluffy. And there was also a proverb - “do not grate, do not crush, there will be no kalach.” That is, trials and tribulations teach a person. The expression comes from this proverb.

Nick down

If you think about it, the meaning of this expression seems cruel - you must agree, it’s not very pleasant to imagine an ax next to your own nose. In reality, everything is not so sad. In this expression, the word “nose” has nothing to do with the organ of smell. A “nose” was the name given to a memorial plaque, or a note tag. In the distant past, illiterate people always carried such tablets and sticks with them, with the help of which they made all kinds of notes or notches for memory.

Break a leg

This expression arose among hunters and was based on the superstitious idea that with a direct wish (both down and feather), the results of a hunt can be jinxed. In the language of hunters, feather means bird, and down means animals. In ancient times, a hunter going on a hunt received this parting word, the “translation” of which looks something like this: “Let your arrows fly past the target, let the snares and traps you set remain empty, just like the trapping pit!” To which the earner, in order not to jinx it either, replied: “To hell!” And both were sure that evil spirits, invisibly present during this dialogue, will be satisfied and fall behind, and will not plot intrigues during the hunt.

Beat your head

What are “baklushi”, who “beats” them and when? For a long time, artisans have been making spoons, cups and other utensils from wood. To carve a spoon, it was necessary to chop off a block of wood from a log. Apprentices were entrusted with preparing the bucks: it was an easy, trivial task that did not require any special skill. Preparing such chocks was called “beating the lumps.” From here, from the mockery of the masters at the auxiliary workers - “baklushechnik”, our saying came from.

Rub glasses

How can glasses be rubbed in? Where and why? Such a picture would look very ridiculous. And the absurdity occurs because we are not talking about glasses at all, which are used to correct vision. There is another meaning of the word “glasses”: red and black signs on playing cards. There is even a gambling card game, the so-called “point”. For as long as there have been cards, there have been dishonest players and cheaters. In order to deceive their partner, they resorted to all sorts of tricks. They knew how, by the way, to quietly “rub in points” - to turn a seven into a six or a four into a five, on the go, during the game, by gluing in a “point” or covering it with a special white powder. And the expression “to cheat” began to mean “to deceive”, hence other words were born: “fraud”, “fraud” - a trickster who knows how to embellish his work, pass off the bad as very good.

After the rain on Thursday

Rusichi - ancient ancestors Russians - among their gods they honored the main god - the god of thunder and lightning Perun. One of the days of the week was dedicated to him - Thursday (it is interesting that among the ancient Romans Thursday was also dedicated to the Latin Perun - Jupiter). Prayers were offered to Perun for rain during the drought. It was believed that he should be especially willing to fulfill requests on “his day” - Thursday. And since these prayers often remained in vain, the saying “After the rain on Thursday” began to be applied to everything that is unknown when it will come true.

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Proverbs and sayings are something that is passed down from generation to generation. family traditions and the wisdom of generations. Despite the fact that different nations on different languages have their own proverbs and sayings, in many ways they all overlap and are united general meaning and meaning.

Personally, I didn’t even notice when it started, but I myself talk to children incredibly often, using proverbs or sayings. And what’s nice is that as children grow up, they also, unnoticed by themselves, use them in their speech.

Let's talk today about proverbs and sayings for children.

What are proverbs and sayings

Sayings and proverbs are short sayings that carry folk wisdom. It is believed that these sayings were invented by the people, and their instructive content is reinforced by centuries of experience. Since ancient times, people have reflected in their statements the customs and traditions accepted in their lives, and also ridiculed human vices: stupidity, envy, greed, etc. The meaning of proverbs is to pass on the experience of the people to future generations, and essence of proverbs– to teach descendants “wit and reason”, to make sure that they learn from the mistakes of others and have the opportunity to avoid their own. In addition, folk sayings make our language more eloquent, lively, and decorate speech.

The first books found with proverbs and sayings date back to 2500. They were found back in Ancient Egypt. Even then, people carefully kept instructive records for subsequent generations.

Many sayings are taken from the works of great Russian poets and writers. For example, in the work of Griboyedov A.S. “Woe from Wit” there are more than two dozen phrases and expressions that have become “catch phrases”.

Proverbs and sayings in fairy tales

Many fairy tales and fables are based on proverbs. Many folk sayings can be found in children's fairy tales. For example, the proverb for the fairy tale “The Frog Traveler”: “In every magpie perishes by its own tongue.”. And here - to the fairy tale “Puss in Boots” - “D It’s what’s done on time.” A large number of catchphrases can be gleaned from the Bible, especially in its Old Testament part.

The largest collection of proverbs and sayings in our country is a collection created in the 19th century by Russian philologist Vladimir Dahl, who studied folk sayings for about 20 years. The book contains more than 30,000 sayings, which are divided into special thematic sections.

Proverbs and sayings differ from each other in the purpose of their statement, although they are often confused.

How are proverbs different from sayings?

Let's figure out how proverbs and sayings differ.

Proverbs. What are they?

Proverb is a short saying that embodies the instructive wisdom of the people. A proverb contains a complete thought.

apply to various life phenomena;
have two parts that rhyme with each other;
contains a moral message or a warning;
is a proposal.

Example of a proverb: “You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.”

What about sayings? What is it?

Proverb is simply a phrase or phrase, full of eloquence, but not containing teachings. They can be replaced by any other words within the meaning. A saying, for the most part, is only part of a judgment. Example of a saying: “Put your teeth on the shelf.”

Both proverbs and sayings decorate human speech and teach wisdom to younger generations. Typically, proverbs are divided into several topics to make them easier to find and study. Let's give a few examples.

Proverbs about the Motherland

Your own land is sweet in a handful;
There is no more beautiful country in the world than ours;
The homeland is the mother, the foreign land is the stepmother.
It's warmer overseas, but it's lighter here.
A man without a homeland is a nightingale without a song.
The bird that dislikes its nest is stupid.
The native land is a paradise for the heart.
The bird is small, but it protects its nest.
Take care of your native land like your beloved mother.

Proverbs about home

Being a guest is good, but being at home is better;
If the hut is crooked, the mistress is bad;
Don’t open your mouth to someone else’s loaf, but get up early and start your own.
My home is my castle.
Each hut has its own rattles.
A good wife will save the house, but a thin one will shake it with her sleeve.
Lead the house, don’t weave bast shoes.
Houses and walls help.
The hut is not red in its corners, but red in its pies.
It’s good to sing songs outside the mountains, but it’s better to live at home.
At home - as you want, and in public - as you are told.

Proverbs about friendship

Brother will not betray brother;
An old friend is better than two new ones.
Friendship is different from friendship, but throw another one;
Friendship is like glass: if you break it, you won’t be able to put it back together.
Friendship is not a mushroom; you won’t find it in the forest.
A true friend is better than a hundred servants.
Friendship is friendship, and service is service.
Look for friends, and enemies will appear.
Whoever you hang out with, that's how you'll gain.
If you hold on to each other, you won’t be afraid of anything.
Friendship is strong not through flattery, but through truth and honor.
All for one, one for all.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Don't have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends.
A friend argues, a foe agrees.
A strong friendship cannot be cut with an axe.
There is safety in numbers.
What you don’t want for yourself, don’t do to others.
One bee will not bring much honey.
You can't get along with someone who likes to scold.

Proverbs about family and children

In a friendly family it is warm even in the cold;
Food tastes better at a shared family table;
In your home, the walls also help.
The whole family is together, and the soul is in place.
A family in a heap is not a terrible cloud.
Harmony and harmony in the family is a treasure.
There is discord in the family, and I’m not happy at home.
A tree is held together by its roots, and a person is held together by its family.
They show off their daughters, they live in honor with their sons.
Mother's prayer reaches from the bottom of the sea.
To honor your father and mother means not to know grief.
To cherish your family is to be happy.
Our people - we will be numbered.
A mother's heart warms better than the sun.
Even if it’s crowded, it’s better together.
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
It's warm in a friendly family even in the cold.
Where there is peace and harmony, there is God's grace.
Where there is advice, there is light, where there is agreement, there is God.
Good brotherhood is better than wealth.
It is not the stove that warms the house, but love and harmony.
The hut is fun for children.
The bird is happy about spring, and the child is happy about its mother.
For an obedient son, parental orders are not burdensome.
Birds in the nest until autumn, children in the family until the age.
Where there is love, there is God.

Proverbs about animals

At all times, people have learned from the example of our smaller brothers. Here is a selection of instructive proverbs based on the use of animal images.

God does not give a horn to a lively cow;
The wolf's legs feed him;
If you are afraid of wolves, do not go into the forest.
You can’t even take a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
Know your nest, cricket.
And the wolves are fed, and the sheep are safe.
Each sandpiper praises its swamp.
A small dog is a puppy until old age.
The animal runs towards the catcher.
On someone else's side, I'm happy with my little crow.
Every day is not Sunday.
To live with wolves is to howl like a wolf.
Nightingales are not fed fables.
The dog is in the manger - he doesn’t eat himself and doesn’t give it to others

Proverbs about work

Time for business - time for fun;
The eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing;
Whoever gets up early, God gives him.
Hardworking - like an ant.
Strike while the iron is hot.
Work hard and there will be bread in the bins.
Who does not work shall not eat.
Whoever gets up early, God gives to him.
Finished the job - go for a walk safely.
Don’t take on your own business, and don’t be lazy about yours.
The master's work is afraid.
Patience and a little effort.
From the labors of the righteous one cannot make stone chambers.
Labor feeds, but laziness spoils.

Proverbs for children

IN family of origin and the porridge is thicker;
The mouth rejoices at a large piece;
If you don't know the ford, don't go into the water.
Childhood is a golden time.
The food tastes better at a communal table.
IN healthy body- healthy mind.
Small and smart.
The child's finger hurts, the mother's heart hurts.
Sow a habit and grow character.
Love is good mutually.
All is well that ends well.
Teach your grandmother to suck eggs.
If you love to ride, you also love to carry sleds.
A warm word melts the ice.
Don’t take on many things, but excel in one.
My tongue is my enemy.
Seven do not wait for one.
The quieter you go, the further you'll get.
If you hurry, you will make people laugh.
As it comes back, so will it respond.

Proverbs about books and study

Living with a book is a breeze.
The book is small, but it gave me some insight.
A good book is your best friend.
He who reads a lot knows a lot.
Reading books means never getting bored.
The more you learn, the stronger you will become.
Speech is silver, silence is gold.
The world is illuminated by the sun, and man is illuminated by knowledge.
Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.
They meet you by their clothes, they see you off by their mind.
Live and learn.
The word is not a sparrow: if it flies out, you won’t catch it.

There is a great thematic variety of proverbs and sayings, the benefits of which are little man difficult to overestimate.

What are the benefits of proverbs for children

What is the wisdom and benefit of sayings and proverbs for children? Here are just some of the advantages of proverbs:

pass on folk wisdom;
introduce them to the beauty and richness of their native language;
learn common sense;
instill moral and aesthetic views;
form life experience;
encourage action;
shape the child’s outlook on life;
learn to formulate thoughts clearly and concisely;
develop creative thinking;
help develop clear diction;
help to assimilate a variety of intonation of statements: affection, grief, surprise, etc.;
learn the pronunciation of sounds that are difficult to combine with each other;
develop sound culture of speech;
develop memory;
develop a sense of rhythm, rhyme, etc.

Experts recommend that parents introduce their children to proverbs and sayings from the very beginning. early age. Their correct use in games and developmental activities helps children develop harmoniously in accordance with their age, develops clear and competent speech and instills in them a love for their native Russian word.

Games, competitions and fun tasks with proverbs

Knowledge of proverbs and the wisdom of generations is most easily acquired in the game. While studying proverbs and sayings with your child, you can periodically organize some fun activities - games and competitions with proverbs.

Finish the sentence

The easiest way to remember proverbs and sayings is to play this game with your child. The adult names part of the proverb, and the child must continue:

For example: Cats - over there... (the child continues) - there is plenty for mice.

Proverb Master

Game-competition for knowledge of proverbs. It is necessary to say proverbs in turn, without repeating. The one who runs out of all options loses)))

Explain the proverb, or where is the moral?

Invite the children to explain the meaning of proverbs. Such a task can lead to a serious conversation, and will teach the child to look for morality and draw the right conclusions from actions, teach him to analyze his behavior and encourage him to be better.

Game "Twins"

Offer children a series of proverbs written on cards. Within a certain time, children must collect pairs of proverbs, suitable friend friend in meaning.

For example: “All that glitters is not gold” and “They meet you by their clothes, they see you off by their minds”

“Strike while the iron is hot” and “If you miss an hour, you won’t make it up in a year”

Watch a video lesson about proverbs and sayings with your children:

This is the conversation we had about proverbs and sayings. Do you apply the wisdom of nations in your speech? Can you add any games for knowledge of proverbs and sayings? Write in the comments!

With warmth,

“Proverbs and sayings are both useful and dangerous,
like any other stereotypes"

Quick explanation

Proverb- this is a whole sentence with meaning, and proverb- only beautiful phrase or phrase. This is the main feature that distinguishes proverbs from sayings.

A proverb contains a moral, a sign, a warning, or an instruction. A saying is simply an eloquent expression that can be easily replaced with other words.

Examples

Proverbs and sayings are often confused

On the Internet they often write “Proverbs and sayings”, and at the same time they mean only proverbs.

Most often, sites provide a list of “Proverbs and sayings”, which in fact only contain proverbs. Very rarely, some sayings may appear in such lists. It is not uncommon to find a list of proverbs entitled as a list of sayings.

How not to confuse the words of proverbs and sayings?

To remember not to confuse these concepts with each other, use the following tips:

1. There is a phrase “Proverbs and sayings”.
Word " proverbs"always comes first, since a proverb is whole complete sentence, with morals and deep meaning.
And the word " sayings always in second place because it just a beautiful and symbolic phrase, unable to act as an independent proposal.

2. Read individual articles about and sayings on this site. Feel the difference between them.

3. You can always go to this page to once again remember the differences between proverbs and sayings.

Proverb - complete sentence

Proverb - short sentence, containing folk wisdom. Spelled simple vernacular, often has rhyme and rhythm.

Examples

You can’t even catch a fish from a pond without difficulty.

An empty barrel rattles louder.

If you don't know the ford, don't go into the water.

If you chase two hares, you won’t catch either.

Brevity is the soul of wit.

Small spool but precious.

A saying is a symbolic phrase or phrase

A proverb is an established phrase or phrase, figurative expression, metaphor. Not used on its own.
Proverbs are used in sentences to give a bright artistic color to facts, things and situations.

Examples of sayings

“to put a pig” (to play a dirty trick)

“disservice” (help that turns into harm)

“to be left with the nose” (to be deceived)

"stay at a broken trough"(to lose something due to stupid behavior)

“when the cancer whistles on the mountain” (never)

“wedding general” (an important person who is of no actual use)

Examples of using sayings in sentences

I'll give you this car when the cancer on the mountain whistles.

Illegally dismissed employee screwed us over.

Basilio the cat and Alice the fox left Pinocchio with a nose.

Our new director walks around looking important, is interested in every nonsense, pretends that he understands something, and at the same time asks the most stupid questions, in short - another wedding general.

To obtain more complete knowledge about proverbs and sayings, the following articles on our website are recommended.

THE PROVERB DOES NOT SAY FORMALLY

BUSINESS BEFORE PLEASURE.
A handwritten note from Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (1629 - 1676) to a collection of rules for falconry, a favorite pastime of that time. It is usually said as a reminder to a person who, while having fun, forgets about the matter.

TWO DEATHS CAN'T HAPPEN, BUT ONE CAN'T BE SAVED.
The inevitable will still happen, whether you take risks or not. It speaks of the determination to do something associated with risk, danger, and at the same time with the hope that the danger can still be avoided.

THE FIRST DAMN IT IS LOMIC.
It often happens that the housewife doesn’t succeed in the first pancake (it doesn’t come out of the frying pan well, it burns), but the housewife uses it to determine whether the dough is well kneaded, whether the pan is warmed up, or whether it needs to add oil. It is said to justify the unsuccessful start of a new, difficult business.
IF YOU CHASE TWO HARRIES, YOU WILL NOT Catch EITHER.
It is said when someone takes on several (usually beneficial for himself) tasks at once and therefore cannot do any of them well or complete them.

GRANDMOTHER SAID TWO.
In two (simple) - vaguely, with the ability to understand one way or another. It is unknown whether what is expected will come true; It is still unknown how it will be: one way or another. They say when they doubt the implementation of what they propose.

FOR ONE BEATEN, THEY GIVE TWO UNBEATEN.
They say when they understand that punishment for mistakes made is good for a person, because this is how he gains experience.

AN OLD FRIEND IS BETTER THAN TWO NEW ONES.
It is said when they want to emphasize the loyalty, devotion and irreplaceability of an old friend.

ONE HEAD IT'S GOOD, BUT TWO BETTER.
It is said when, when solving a problem, they turn to someone for advice, when they solve a matter together

GET LOST IN TWO PINES.
Not being able to understand something simple, uncomplicated, not being able to find a way out of the simplest difficulty.

FROM THE POT IS THREE VERSHKS.
Very short, short, small.

I PROMISED THREE BOXES.
A lot (to say, promise, lie, etc.).

THE PROMISED WILL BE WAITING FOR THREE YEARS.
They say it jokingly when they do not believe that someone will soon fulfill their promises or when the fulfillment of what is promised is delayed indefinitely.

CRY IN THREE STREAMS.
That is, it is very bitter to cry.

THE FIFTH WHEEL IN THE CART.
A superfluous, unnecessary person in any matter.

SEVEN DO NOT WAIT FOR ONE.
This is what they say when they start something without someone who is late, or with a reproach to someone who makes many (not necessarily seven) wait.

SEVEN TROUBLES - ONE ANSWER.
Let’s take the risk again, and if we have to answer, then for everything at once, at the same time. It speaks of the determination to do something else risky, dangerous in addition to what has already been done.

SEVEN TIMES MEASURE CUT ONCE.
Before you do anything serious, think it over carefully, foresee everything. It is said as advice to think through all possible options before starting any business.

TOO MANY COOKS SPOIL THE BROTH.
Without an eye (obsolete) - without supervision, without supervision. Things are done poorly and unsatisfactorily when several people are responsible for it at once. It is said that when several people (or even organizations) responsible for a matter rely on each other and each individual treats their responsibilities in bad faith.

ALL TRIN IS GRASS.
The mysterious "tryn-grass" is not at all some kind of herbal medicine that people drink so as not to worry. At first it was called "tyn-grass", and tyn is a fence. The result was “fence grass,” that is, a weed that no one needed, everyone was indifferent to.

ADD ON THE FIRST NUMBER.
Believe it or not, in the old school students were flogged every week, no matter who was right or wrong. And if the “mentor” overdoes it, then such a spanking would last for a long time, until the first day of the next month.

GOAL LIKE A FALCON.
Terribly poor, beggar. They usually think that we are talking about a falcon bird. But she has nothing to do with it. In fact, the "falcon" is an ancient military battering gun. It was a completely smooth (“bare”) cast iron block attached to chains. Nothing extra!

ORPHAN OF KAZAN.
This is what they say about a person who pretends to be unhappy, offended, helpless in order to pity someone. But why is the orphan “Kazan”? It turns out that this phraseological unit arose after the conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible. The Mirzas (Tatar princes), finding themselves subjects of the Russian Tsar, tried to beg all sorts of concessions from him, complaining about their orphanhood and bitter fate.

INSIDE OUT.
Now this seems to be a completely harmless expression. And once it was associated with shameful punishment. During the time of Ivan the Terrible, a guilty boyar was placed backwards on a horse with his clothes turned inside out and, in this disgraced form, was driven around the city to the whistling and jeers of the street crowd.

LEAD BY THE NOSE.
Deceive by promising and not fulfilling what was promised. This expression was associated with fairground entertainment. Gypsies led bears by a ring threaded through their noses. And they forced them, the poor fellows, to do various tricks, deceiving them with the promise of a handout.

SCAPEGOAT.
This is the name given to a person who is blamed for someone else. The history of this expression is as follows: the ancient Jews had a rite of absolution. The priest laid both hands on the head of the living goat, thereby, as it were, transferring the sins of the entire people onto it. After this, the goat was driven out into the desert. Many, many years have passed, and the ritual no longer exists, but the expression still lives on.

SHARPEN THE LASKS.
Lyasy (balusters) are turned figured posts of railings at the porch. Only a true master could make such beauty. Probably, at first, “sharpening balusters” meant conducting an elegant, fancy, ornate (like balusters) conversation. But in our time, the number of people skilled in conducting such a conversation became fewer and fewer. So this expression came to mean empty chatter.

GRATED KALAC.
In the old days there really was such a type of bread - “grated kalach”. The dough for it was crumpled, kneaded, “grated” for a very long time, which is why the kalach turned out to be unusually fluffy. And there was also a proverb - “do not grate, do not crush, there will be no kalach.” That is, trials and tribulations teach a person. The expression comes from this proverb.

NICK DOWN.
If you think about it, the meaning of this expression seems cruel - you must agree, it’s not very pleasant to imagine an ax next to your own nose. In reality, everything is not so sad. In this expression, the word “nose” has nothing to do with the organ of smell. “Nos” was the name given to a memorial plaque or a note tag. In the distant past, illiterate people always carried such tablets and sticks with them, with the help of which they made all kinds of notes or notches for memory.

AFTER THE RAIN ON THURSDAY.
The Rusichi - the most ancient ancestors of the Russians - honored among their gods the main god - the god of thunder and lightning Perun. One of the days of the week was dedicated to him - Thursday (it is interesting that among the ancient Romans Thursday was also dedicated to the Latin Perun - Jupiter). Prayers were offered to Perun for rain during the drought. It was believed that he should be especially willing to fulfill requests on “his day” - Thursday. And since these prayers often remained in vain, the saying “After the rain on Thursday” began to be applied to everything that is unknown when it will come true.

BREAK A LEG.
This expression arose among hunters and was based on the superstitious idea that with a direct wish (both down and feather), the results of a hunt can be jinxed. In the language of hunters, feather means bird, and down means animals. In ancient times, a hunter going on a hunt received this parting word, the “translation” of which looks something like this: “Let your arrows fly past the target, let the snares and traps you set remain empty, just like the trapping pit!” To which the earner, in order not to jinx it either, replied: “To hell!” And both were confident that the evil spirits, invisibly present during this dialogue, would be satisfied and leave behind, and would not plot intrigues during the hunt.

KICK THE BUCKLES.
What are “baklushi”, who “beats” them and when? For a long time, artisans have been making spoons, cups and other utensils from wood. To carve a spoon, it was necessary to chop off a block of wood from a log. Apprentices were entrusted with preparing the bucks: it was an easy, trivial task that did not require any special skill. Preparing such chocks was called “beating the lumps.” From here, from the mockery of the masters at the auxiliary workers - “baklushechnik”, our saying came from.

RUB THE GLASSES.
How can glasses be rubbed in? Where and why? Such a picture would look very ridiculous. And the absurdity occurs because we are not talking about glasses at all, which are used to correct vision. There is another meaning of the word "points": red and black marks on playing cards. There is even a gambling card game called “point”. For as long as there have been cards, there have been dishonest players and cheaters. In order to deceive their partner, they resorted to all sorts of tricks. By the way, they knew how to quietly “rub in points” - turn a seven into a six or a four into a five, on the go, during the game, by gluing in a “point” or covering it with a special white powder. And the expression “to cheat” began to mean “to deceive”, hence other words were born: “deception”, “deception” - a trickster who knows how to embellish his work, pass off the bad as very good.

THEY CARRY WATER ON THE ANGRY (OFFENDED).
This proverb can be said to a person who is angry and angry unnecessarily. The roots of the saying come from the ancient colloquial speech. Then the word “angry” meant diligent, zealous, diligent. It was these diligent and diligent horses that were chosen for hard work - they carried water in barrels from the river. Thus, the most “angry” (that is, diligent) got the most thankless hard work.

THE WORD IS NOT A SPARROW - YOU WILL NOT CAPTURE IT FLIGHT.
The proverb teaches that before you say anything, you need to think carefully. After all, it’s easy to say a word, but you won’t have to regret what you said later...

FEAR HAS BIG EYES...
A person gripped by fear and frightened very often exaggerates the danger and sees it where it actually is not.

THE MOUNTAIN GAVE BIRTH TO A MOUSE.
The original source of this proverb is considered to be ancient greek legend about pregnant Mount Olympus. The god Zeus, fearing that the birth of this mountain would cause major upheavals in the camp of the gods, made the mountain... give birth to a mouse. The proverb “The mountain gave birth to a mouse” is used in a situation where significant and gigantic efforts ultimately bring insignificant results.

TAKE CARE OF YOUR HONOR FROM YOUTH.
From a young age, adv. - from a young age, from a young age. Advice to young people from their youth to value their honor and good name (just as to save their clothes again, that is, while they are new). Spoken as a parting word young man at the beginning of his life's journey.

YOU CAN’T TAKE (PUT) A FISH OUT OF THE POND WITHOUT DIFFICULTY.
Every business requires effort; Without effort, you can’t do anything. It is said when it takes a lot of work, hard work to achieve some result.

DO NOT COUNT YOUR CHICKENS BEFORE THEY ARE HATCHED.
In the fall (simple) - in the fall. Not all chickens born in the summer survive on farms until autumn. Some will be carried away by birds of prey, the weak simply will not survive, which is why they say that chickens should be counted in the fall, when it is clear how many of them have survived. You have to judge anything by the end results. It is said when someone prematurely expresses joy at possible success, although final results are still far away and a lot can change.

SMALL SPOOL BUT PRECIOUS.
Zolotnik is an old Russian unit of weight equal to 4.26 grams. It fell out of use after 1917, when the country introduced the metric system of measures, which is based on the meter (a measure of length) and the kilogram (a measure of weight). Before this, the main measures of weight were pood (16 kg) and pound (400 g), which had 96 spools. The spool was the smallest measure of weight and was used mainly when weighing gold and silver. Yes, it does. conjunction - but, however. Road - kr. form m.r. from dear. Small in size, but valuable for its qualities. It is said about one who is small in stature, but has many virtues, positive qualities, as well as about something small in size, but very important in essence.

HERE IS YOUR DAY, GRANDMOTHER.
The saying reflects one of the episodes in the history of the Russian people associated with the enslavement of peasants. The emergence of serfdom, i.e. the legally established right of the landowner (feudal lord) to the person, forced labor and property of the peasant, dates back to the time Kievan Rus(IX-XII centuries). The peasants, although they were considered free (free), did not have the right to pass from one owner to another during the year: custom required that they leave only after all field work had been completed, at the beginning of winter, when all the grain had already been harvested. In the middle of the 15th century, peasants were allowed to move from one owner to another once a year - a week before St. George’s Day and a week after it (St. George’s Day, that is, the day of St. George, in Russian Yuri, the patron saint of farmers, was celebrated November 26, old style, chronology). IN late XVI centuries, the crossing of peasants was prohibited on St. George’s Day. Thus, the peasants were attached to the land and had to remain with their landowner for life. The peasants, who were waiting for St. George's Day as the only opportunity to change their owner and try to improve their lives, were taken away last hope to change your position. This is how a saying arose, expressing regret about unfulfilled hopes.
They say it when they want to express extreme surprise or disappointment at something that unexpectedly happened, something they just found out about and that took away hope and disappointed expectations.

WHERE OURS DIDN’T DISAPPEAR or WHERE OURS DIDN’T DISAPPEAR.
Let's take a risk and try to do it. It is said to be desperately determined to do something, taking risks.

THE EYES ARE FEARED (afraid), BUT THE HANDS DO.
Beginning great job, you are afraid that you won’t be able to cope, but when you start it, you calm down, you understand that you are able to overcome all difficulties.
It is said to encourage one before starting a big or unfamiliar job, or is said with joy when such work is done.

WHERE IT'S THIN, IT TEARS.
Trouble and disaster usually happen where something is unreliable and fragile. They say that when something bad happens, it’s a nuisance, although it was already bad before.

HUNGER IS NOT AN AUNT.
Initially: hunger is not an auntie, she won’t slip a pie. It is said when the feeling of hunger forces you to eat even what you don’t like, or to do something that you wouldn’t do under other circumstances.

LEOPARD CHANGE HIS SPOTS.
A person's ingrained flaws or oddities cannot be corrected. It is said when there is a belief that a person will not change.

GOOD FOR INVENTION IS CLEVER.
Goli, goli, f., collected. (obsolete) - beggars, poor people. Hitra - kr. form g. R. from cunning, here (obsolete): inventive, skillful in something. Lack, the absence of something, forces you to be inventive, to use what you have, what you have at hand. It is said with approval or satisfaction when, due to a lack of something necessary, something original and, as a rule, cheap is invented.

BUCKWHEAT PORRIDGE PRAITS ITSELF.
Buckwheat - made from buckwheat grains. Buckwheat - herbaceous plant, from the seeds of which cereals and flour are made. Buckwheat- one of the favorite foods of Russians. Buckwheat porridge is so good, so tasty, its merits are so obvious to everyone that it does not need praise. It is spoken with mocking condemnation about an immodest person when he praises himself and speaks about his merits.

PREPARE A SLED IN SUMMER AND A CART IN WINTER.
Sleigh, sled, plural only - a winter cart on two runners for driving in the snow. A cart is a summer cart on four wheels for transporting goods. The sleigh and cart are harnessed to a horse. Prepare for everything in advance. It is said as advice to prepare in advance everything that will be needed in the future.

THE THUNDER WILL NOT CLASH, THE MAN WILL NOT CROSS himself.
Rumble (1 and 2 l. not used), owl - suddenly rumble, thunder. Man (obsolete) - peasant.
Cross yourself, -cross yourself, -cross yourself, sov.- make a sign of the cross on yourself with your hand: attach three fingers folded together (thumb, index and middle) right hand successively to the forehead, to the chest, to one and the other shoulder. People who believed in God professed Christian religion, were baptized on many occasions Everyday life. This was a mandatory ritual during prayer (at home and in church), before eating, when entering a hut (they were baptized while looking at the icons in the corner), etc. They baptized the mouth while yawning, baptized loved ones who were leaving or traveling far away and for a long time, they were baptized from fear at the sounds of thunder, etc. In the old days, believers were afraid of thunderstorms like unexplained phenomenon nature. When thunder rumbled, it was believed that thunder (not lightning) could bring misfortune (kill, cause a fire). Therefore, in order to ward off misfortune, to avoid misfortune from a thunderstorm, people were baptized precisely during the thunder; the thunder seemed to warn of a possible misfortune.
Until trouble or trouble occurs, a careless person does not remember about them and does not take measures to prevent them. It is said when they do last moment something that should have been done in advance.

HAVING GIVEN YOUR WORD, STAY AWAY.
Either be true to your word or don't promise. It is said as a reminder of a promise made or as a reproach for an unfulfilled promise, as well as a warning, advice to refrain from making promises if you are not sure that you can fulfill them.

THEY DO NOT LOOK AT A GIVEN HORSE'S TEETH.
Gifted (colloquial) - given, received as a gift. A horse's teeth are examined when they want to determine its age. An old horse's teeth are worn out, so when you buy a horse, be sure to check its teeth so as not to buy an old one. They don’t discuss the gift; they accept what they give. They say when they receive something as a gift that they don’t like and that they wouldn’t choose themselves.

THINGS ARE GOING ON, THE OFFICE IS WRITING.
Spoken jokingly about someone active work, which is not influenced by any external circumstances.

THINGS LIKE SOOT WHITE.
Soot - black particles from incomplete combustion of fuel that settle on internal surfaces stoves and chimneys. Soot is a symbol of the blackest color; there is no such thing as white soot, and the humorous comparison “white as soot” essentially characterizes a black object. The word "black" in figuratively means "dark, heavy." Bela - kr. form g. R. from white. Usually said in response to the question “How are you?”, when things are going badly or when they do not want to answer specifically and are limited to this vague answer (the answer implies an unsatisfactory state of affairs).

THE CHILD DOESN'T CRY, THE MOTHER DOESN'T UNDERSTAND.
Understand, nesov. (obsolete) - to understand something, to guess about something. If you don’t say what you need, no one will guess about it and therefore won’t be able to help. It is said when the lack of help to someone is explained by ignorance of his needs.

AT HOUSE WALLS HELP.
At home or in a familiar, familiar environment, a person feels more confident and calm. It is said with confidence or with the hope that in a familiar environment it will be easier to cope with any task.

ROAD SPOON FOR DINNER.
Road - kr. form g. R. from dear; here: “important, valuable to someone, one that is treasured.” Expensive, valuable is what appears at the right time. It is said when something is done or received on time, precisely at the moment when it is especially interested or needed, or it is said as a reproach to someone who did not do what was necessary on time.

FRIENDS ARE KNOWN (recognized) IN TROUBLE.
Only in Hard time you'll find out who you are a true friend. It is said in relation to someone who turned out to be very attentive and helped someone in a difficult situation or, conversely, showed callousness towards someone in trouble.

IT WILL HEAL BEFORE THE WEDDING.
It will pass soon, it will heal soon. It is said jokingly to console the victim.

FOR A SWEET FRIEND AND AN EARRING (EARRING) FROM EAR.
Ear - diminutive - affectionate. to the ear. For the beloved, dear person No regrets, you will give your best. It is said that when, out of a feeling of sympathy, a person is generous towards another, ready to do everything for him.

DEBT GOOD TURN DESERVES ANOTHER.
Payment, payment, m. - depositing money on account of something; pay. Krasen - kr. form m.r. from red, here: (folk poet.) “beautiful; joyful, pleasant.” The way you treat someone is how they will treat you. It is said when in response to some action or attitude they do the same.

WHERE CRASHES HAVE THE WINTER.
The saying “I’ll show you where the crayfish spend the winter” originated during the days of serfdom. In the middle of winter, the master sent the guilty person to get crayfish for the table. And in winter it is very difficult to find crayfish, and besides, you can freeze and catch a cold. Since then, this saying has meant a threat, a warning of punishment.

DISCOVER AMERICA.
America was discovered by the navigator Columbus more than five hundred years ago. Therefore, when someone announces something that everyone has known for a long time, they jokingly say to him: “Well, you discovered America!”

THROUGH THE STUMP DECK.
The deck is a log. You have to move slowly through the forest when you have either a stump or a log under your feet. The expression “through the roof” means to do something somehow, indiscriminately.

INVENT THE BICYCLE.
We all know what a bicycle is and how it works. “Don’t reinvent the wheel” so as not to waste time inventing something that has already existed for a long time.

THE MASTER'S WORK IS AFRAID.
Any task can be accomplished if a master, that is, a skilled one, takes on it. knowledgeable person. It is spoken with admiration and praise when a person shows skill and mastery in his craft.

THE HAT IS NOT GOOD FOR SENKA.
In the old days, the hat was a symbol of wealth and nobility. By its size they judged what place a person occupied in society. “It’s not a hat for Senka” - this is what they say about a person who is not able to perform this or that work or occupy a certain position.

LOOK FOR THE WIND IN THE FIELD.
Look - command, on. from ch. look for (I'm looking for, looking for), nesov. You won’t find it anyway, there’s no need to look. It talks about someone who has disappeared and who cannot be found (how useless it is to look for the wind in a field), or about something that is irretrievably lost.

YOU CAN'T ERASE WORDS FROM A SONG.
What happened, happened, everything will have to be told. They say it as if apologizing for having to tell everything without leaving out any (usually unpleasant) details (just as you can’t delete a single word from a song so as not to spoil the whole song).

OUT OF THE FRYING PAN INTO THE FIRE.
Yes, it does. conjunction - but, however. Fire (obsolete and regional) - flame, fire. In popular speech, flame, that is, fire that rises above a burning object, is associated with greater misfortune; flame is a stronger fire. From one misfortune to another, greater one, from a difficult situation to a worse one.
It is said when a person, being in a difficult situation, finds himself in an even more difficult situation.

AND THE SWEDISH, AND THE REAPER, AND IN THE DUDU (on the pipe) THE PLAYER.
Shvets (obsolete and simple) - one who sews clothes, a tailor. The reaper is the one who reaps (cuts off when harvesting) the ripe ears of corn with a sickle. In the dudu (on the pipe) the player (obsolete) is the one who plays the pipe, a musician. About someone who can do everything or who simultaneously performs various duties.

AND YOU WANT AND HURT.
It pricks - blank, 3 l. units h. from ch. inject, nesov. "to touch something sharp, causing pain." It is said when you want to do something, but you are scared because it is associated with some kind of danger, with risk.

AND LAUGHTER AND SIN.
It is said when something is both funny and sad at the same time.

AND THE OLD WOMAN HAS A FAILURE.
Prorukha (simple) - mistake, oversight, failure. And an experienced person can make a mistake, make a mistake, a blunder. It is said to justify a mistake, a mistake made by a person from whom it could not be expected.

AND THE WOLVES ARE FEED, AND THE SHEEP ARE SAFE.
It is said when it is possible to resolve a difficult situation conveniently for both some and others, or when a solution to the issue is made that satisfies everyone.

THE CAT KNOWS (smells) WHOSE MEAT IT EATS.
Smells - 3 l. units h. from ch. smell (smell, feel), ness. (simple) feel. They talk about someone who feels guilty and shows it through their behavior.

MAKE A FOOL PRAY TO GOD, HE WILL BREAK YOUR FOREHEAD (break it).
According to Orthodox custom, during prayer, believers kneel and bow low (bow), almost touching their foreheads to the floor. It is spoken with condemnation about a person who damaged the cause with excessive zeal and diligence.

WHAT I BUYED FOR IS WHAT I SELL FOR.
I repeat what I heard. They speak in their own defense when they retell rumors and therefore do not vouch for the authenticity of what was said.

BAD EXAMPLES ARE CONTAGIOUS or BAD EXAMPLE IS CONTAGIOUS.
Bad - bad. Contagious - kr. form m.r. from contagious, here: “one that causes imitation of itself, is easily transmitted to others. It is said when someone imitates the bad behavior or actions of another person.

THE LAW IS NOT WRITTEN FOR FOOLS (fools).
Laws are written for reasonable people; fools do not know the laws and do not obey them. It is said about a person when he acts, from the speaker’s point of view, strangely or unreasonably, contrary to common sense and generally accepted norms of behavior.
*in a new way*
THE LAW IS NOT WRITTEN FOR FOOLS, IF IT IS WRITTEN, IT IS NOT READ,
IF YOU READ THEN THEY WILL NOT UNDERSTAND, IF YOU UNDERSTAND THEN IT IS NOT SO!

FRIENDSHIP IS FRIENDSHIP AND SERVICE IS SERVICE.
Friendly relationships should not affect work relationships. It is said when a person, despite friendly relations with someone occupying a different (usually higher) official position, does not deviate from fulfilling official requirements and duties.

OVER THE SEA, A HALF HEIFER, AND A RUBLE CARRIAGE.
Heifer (colloquial) - a young cow that has not yet had calves. Polushka is the smallest coin in pre-revolutionary Russia, equal to one-fourth of a kopeck (there are one hundred kopecks in one ruble). Yes, it does. conjunction - but, however. Transportation - here: payment for transported goods. Even a cheap thing will become expensive if you have to pay dearly for its transportation. They say when it is unprofitable to transport cheap goods from afar.

LIVING LIFE IS NOT A FIELD TO CROSS.
Life is complex and living it is not easy. It talks about the variety of events, about the difficulties that a person encounters throughout his life.

THERE IS NO SMOKE WITHOUT FIRE or NO SMOKE WITHOUT FIRE.
Nothing happens without a reason. It is usually said when they believe that there is some truth in the rumors that have spread.

The woman is driving the cart - it’s easier for the mare. (The meaning of the proverb is that if you get rid of unnecessary people or situations, then everything will only get better.)

Grandma said in two. (The meaning of the saying is that a person explained the essence of what was happening in two ways and incomprehensibly, or stated the situation incomprehensibly.)

The master's request is a strict order. (The meaning of the proverb is that if you depend on a person, then it is impossible not to fulfill his request, since you depend on him.)

There is trouble in the village if there is quinoa on the table. (Russian folk proverb. It means that if there is quinoa on the table (this is a type of grass), it means there is a bad harvest in the villages and there is nothing to eat except grass.)

Poor Kuzenka - a poor song. (Previously, in Rus', a song with praise was sung to grooms in order to present all his virtues to the bride. If the groom was greedy, then at the wedding they sang a song to him not with all the praise, in response to his greed.)

The poor man just needs to get ready to gird himself. (Russian proverb means that it is very easy for a poor person to get ready for a trip, because there is nothing to take.)

Troubles torment, but teach the mind. (Russian folk proverb. It means that when trouble comes, it is of course very bad, but conclusions must be drawn from each such situation in order to prevent the misfortune from happening again in the future. Troubles teach a person to draw conclusions, analyze each of his actions, so as not to have more troubles.)

He ran from the smoke and fell into the fire. (Russian proverb. Means that if you rush and rush thoughtlessly in a difficult situation, you can only make the situation worse.)

He runs as if the earth beneath him is on fire. (Proverb. Means that a person runs very quickly specifically in this moment time, or simply runs very fast in life, like an Olympic champion.) at the request of Alice.

Without letters and grammar one cannot learn mathematics. (The proverb means that if you do not know the letters, then it is almost impossible to learn mathematics, since letters are an integral part of mathematics, and without them mathematics would not exist.)

Without water, the land is a wasteland. (Everything is clear here without decoding.))) Without water, nothing can grow and survive.)

A week without a year. (The saying is said when very little time has passed, or the age is very young.)

To live without anything is only to smoke the sky. (The proverb says that every person in life should do what he does best. If a person does nothing in life, then such a life is devoid of much meaning.)

Sleep better without money. (Russian proverb. It means that it is difficult for a rich person to keep his money; there will always be people who want to take it away. And if they are not there, then there is nothing to take away.)

I got married without me . (The proverb is said when a person was absent from some action or event, and others decided everything for him.)

Without science it’s like without hands. (A simple but very wise proverb. It means that if a person does not study, does not try to gain new knowledge, then he will achieve little good in life.)

Without trousers, but in a hat . (A saying about a person who puts on a new beautiful thing, along with old ugly pants, shoes, or other bad old clothes.)

Discussion: 72 comments

DON'T LIE, IT'S NOT NICE
what is the meaning? help me please

Answer