Who is Oblomov in the novel? Several interesting essays. The image of the main character in the work

Introduction

Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” is a landmark work of Russian literature of the 19th century, describing the phenomenon of “Oblomovism” characteristic of Russian society. A bright representative in the book of this social trend is Ilya Oblomov - a native of a family of landowners, whose family life was a reflection of the norms and rules of Domostroy. Developing in such an atmosphere, the hero gradually absorbed the values ​​and priorities of his parents, which significantly influenced the formation of his personality. a brief description of Oblomov in the novel “Oblomov” is given by the author at the beginning of the work - this is an apathetic, introverted, dreamy man who prefers to live his life in dreams and illusions, imagining and experiencing fictional pictures so vividly that sometimes he can sincerely rejoice or cry from those scenes that are born in his mind. Oblomov’s inner softness and sensuality seemed to be reflected in his appearance: all his movements, even in moments of alarm, were restrained by external softness, grace and delicacy, excessive for a man. The hero was flabby beyond his years, had soft shoulders and small plump hands, and a sedentary and inactive lifestyle was visible in his sleepy gaze, which lacked any concentration or any basic idea.

Life of Oblomov

As if a continuation of the soft, apathetic, lazy Oblomov, the novel describes the hero’s life. At first glance, his room was beautifully decorated: “There was a mahogany bureau, two sofas upholstered in silk, beautiful screens with embroidered birds and fruits unprecedented in nature. There were silk curtains, carpets, several paintings, bronze, porcelain and many beautiful little things.” However, if you take a closer look, you could see cobwebs, dusty mirrors and long-open and forgotten books, stains on the carpets, uncleaned household items, bread crumbs and even a forgotten plate with a gnawed bone. All this made the hero’s room unkempt, abandoned, and gave the impression that no one had been living here for a long time: the owners had long since left the home without having time to clean it up. To some extent, this was true: Oblomov did not live in the real world for a long time, replacing it with an illusory world. This is especially clearly visible in the episode when his acquaintances come to the hero, but Ilya Ilyich does not even bother to extend his hand to them to greet them, much less get out of bed to meet the visitors. Bed in in this case(like the robe) is a borderline between the world of dreams and reality, that is, having gotten out of bed, Oblomov would, to some extent, agree to live in the real dimension, but the hero did not want this.

The influence of “Oblomovism” on Oblomov’s personality

The origins of Oblomov’s all-encompassing escapism, his irresistible desire to escape from reality, lie in the “Oblomov” upbringing of the hero, which the reader learns about from the description of Ilya Ilyich’s dream. The character’s native estate, Oblomovka, was located far from the central part of Russia, located in a picturesque, peaceful area, where there were never strong storms or hurricanes, and the climate was calm and mild. Life in the village flowed smoothly, and time was measured not in seconds and minutes, but in holidays and rituals - births, weddings or funerals. The monotonous, quiet nature was also reflected in the character of the inhabitants of Oblomovka - the most important value for them was rest, laziness and the opportunity to eat to their fill. Work was seen as a punishment and people tried in every possible way to avoid it, delay the time of work, or force someone else to do it.

It is noteworthy that the characterization of the hero Oblomov in childhood differs significantly from the image that appears before readers at the beginning of the novel. Little Ilya was an active child, interested in many things and open to the world, with a wonderful imagination. He liked to walk and explore surrounding nature, however, the rules of “Oblomov’s” life did not imply his freedom, so gradually his parents re-educated him in their own image and likeness, raising him like a “greenhouse plant,” protecting him from adversity outside world, the need to work and learn new things. Even the fact that they sent Ilya to study was more a tribute to fashion than a real necessity, because for any slightest reason they themselves left their son at home. As a result, the hero grew up as if closed from society, unwilling to work and relying in everything on the fact that if any difficulties arose he could shout “Zakhar” and the servant would come and do everything for him.

The reasons for Oblomov’s desire to escape reality

The description of Oblomov, the hero of Goncharov’s novel, gives a vivid idea of ​​Ilya Ilyich as a man who has firmly isolated himself from real world and internally unwilling to change. The reasons for this lie in Oblomov’s childhood. Little Ilya loved to listen to fairy tales and legends about great heroes and heroes that his nanny told him, and then imagine himself as one of these characters - a person in whose life at one moment a miracle would happen that would change the current state of affairs and make the hero a cut above others. However, fairy tales are significantly different from life, where miracles do not happen on their own, and to achieve success in society and career you need to constantly work, overcome failures and persistently move forward.

The hothouse upbringing, where Oblomov was taught that someone else would do all the work for him, combined with the dreamy, sensual nature of the hero, led to Ilya Ilyich’s inability to fight difficulties. This feature of Oblomov manifested itself even at the moment of his first failure in the service - the hero, fearing punishment (although, perhaps, no one would have punished him, and the matter would have been decided by a banal warning), he quits his job and no longer wants to face a world where everyone for myself. An alternative to harsh reality for the hero is the world of his dreams, where he imagines a wonderful future in Oblomovka, his wife and children, a peaceful calm that reminds him of his own childhood. However, all these dreams remain just dreams; in reality, Ilya Ilyich puts off in every possible way the issues of arranging his native village, which, without the participation of a reasonable owner, is gradually being destroyed.

Why didn’t Oblomov find himself in real life?

The only person who could pull Oblomov out of his constant half-asleep idleness was the hero’s childhood friend, Andrei Ivanovich Stolts. He was the complete opposite of Ilya Ilyich both in appearance and in character. Always active, striving forward, able to achieve any goals, Andrei Ivanovich still valued his friendship with Oblomov, since in communicating with him he found that warmth and understanding that he really lacked in those around him.

Stolz was most fully aware destructive influence“Oblomovism” against Ilya Ilyich, so before last moment, tried with all his might to pull him out real life. One time Andrei Ivanovich almost succeeded when he introduced Oblomov to Ilyinskaya. But Olga, in her desire to change Ilya Ilyich’s personality, was driven solely by her own egoism, and not by an altruistic desire to help her loved one. At the moment of parting, the girl tells Oblomov that she could not bring him back to life, because he was already dead. On the one hand, this is true, the hero is too deeply mired in “Oblomovism,” and in order to change his attitude towards life, superhuman efforts and patience were required. On the other hand, Ilyinskaya, active and purposeful by nature, did not understand that Ilya Ilyich needed time to transform, and he could not change himself and his life in one jerk. The break with Olga became an even greater failure for Oblomov than a mistake in the service, so he finally plunges into the network of “Oblomovism”, leaves the real world, not wanting to experience any more mental pain.

Conclusion

Author's description of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, despite the fact that the hero is central character, ambiguous. Goncharov reveals both his positive traits (kindness, tenderness, sensuality, ability to worry and sympathize) and negative ones (laziness, apathy, reluctance to decide anything on his own, refusal to self-development), portraying to the reader a multifaceted personality that can evoke sympathy , and disgust. At the same time, Ilya Ilyich is undoubtedly one of the most accurate depictions of a truly Russian person, his nature and character traits. This particular ambiguity and versatility of Oblomov’s image allows even modern readers discover something important for yourself in the novel, asking yourself those eternal questions that Goncharov raised in the novel.

Work test

Oblomov- a hereditary nobleman of the old school. He is 31 - 32 years old, lives in St. Petersburg in a small rented apartment, and is a person who spends all his time at home. Ilya Ilyich does not go to work and does not sit behind papers in the building, he earns his living with the help of other, equally stupid and narrow-minded people. Oblomov dreams of sitting on the couch forever in his favorite robe and not worrying about “stupid” problems. Oblomov is a lazy and dreamy person. One day he falls in love with Olga Ilyinskaya, who wants to change him with all her might, but even love cannot fix him.

Stolz- Oblomov’s best friend, known to him since childhood and the complete opposite of him. It is alien to him to lie on the sofa and dream about better life and a wonderful future. Andrei Ivanovich relies only on his own strength and skills. He constantly goes to the front and tries to reach his top. He doesn’t understand how you can live your life in one place, not travel and not grow. But, despite this, Stolz appreciates Oblomov for his pure, sincere heart and tries with all his might to help him both financially and in love affairs.

Olga Ilyinskaya- a young progressive landowner, 20 years old. She is a smart, beautiful, emotional girl who takes the best from life. Olga is similar to Stolz in her beliefs and character. The moment she meets Oblomov, she notices a man who does not want to change anything and relies only on fate and dreams. She doesn't count good time spending time lying on the couch and daydreaming. Therefore, afterwards Ilyinskaya spends all her strength on changing Oblomov, but even she doesn’t succeed.

Agafya Pshenitsyna- not a rich landowner, about 30 years old, who remained a widow with two small children. She is the owner of the house where Ilya Ilyich lives. Agafya cooks very tasty, cleans the house well, also sews well, in general, she is an excellent housewife. Matveevna is a quiet, kind, modest woman and at the same time narrow-minded and stupid. She would prefer to remain silent and simply agree than to express her point of view. Agafya is getting old, doing everything for Oblomov, she takes care of him like a mother and child. And then in the end she acquires the role of wife for her tenant.

Zakhar- Oblomov’s servant for 50 years. He has known the owner since he was very young and works for him quite a large number of time. Now in his service with Mr. Zakhar, he has become as lazy and grouchy as the owner. He constantly complains, whines about the terrible conditions, and deceives Ilya Ilyich. Zakhar Trofimovich can rob Oblomov both in terms of money and food. The servant is a representative of the old order and believes that until his death he must serve only one master. He remains loyal even after the death of his master.

Anisya- cook in the apartment of the landowner Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, she is 47 years old. She is a hardworking woman, kind, affectionate, quiet and quite modest. Anisya is not a stupid and narrow-minded person, she is much smarter than the servant Zakhar. The cook sees that Oblomov is wasting his life on the sofa in a dressing gown, giving himself up to unrealistic dreams. Agafya understands that you can’t live like a nobleman, and you could waste your whole life. But despite her conflicting thoughts, she does not tell her owner about this and continues to take care of him and push him around in front of his orders.

Mukhoyarov – brother the mistress of the house, Agafya Pshenitsyna. He worked for a long time as a secretary in the office, and during his entire service Mukhoyarov accumulated a fairly decent amount of money with the help of bribes. The former secretary is an arrogant and cunning man who can sell his loved ones for a pittance. If you don’t know this person well or look at him from the outside, you can say that he is a quiet, petty and pathetic person who is afraid to raise his head against a nobleman. But in his soul, Mukhoyarov, as they said, is a rather smart and narcissistic person.

Volkov- a noble nobleman, the first guest in Oblomov’s house for 25 years. He is a fashionable, rich man who spends his whole life not on the couch in a robe, giving in to his dreams, but at various noisy gatherings with noble people. He wears only the best clothes and jewelry, talks only about “high” things and problems. Volkov attends all social meetings, performances, theaters and various evenings. For a nobleman, the opinion of the noble crowd is more important than his desires. Volkov is ready to forget about his interests, just for the sake of respect from other people.

Sudbinsky- he is Oblomov’s former colleague in the office and is the second guest in Ilya Ilyich’s house after Volkov. He does not spend his life on rich social evenings, not discussing people, and does not spend his life in the house in a shabby robe. Sudbinsky spends everything he has personal time on own career. The employee tries his best to receive large bonuses and best awards. This brings him quite a bit of income, but, despite the benefits, he lives his life within the four walls of his office.

Penkin- another of Oblomov’s acquaintances and the third guest in his house. He is a fashionable writer and writer. Penkin earns money by writing various books and fashion articles for newspapers and magazines. He writes about various incidents, secular news and not poor individuals. But despite his rather easy career, Penkin writes articles only for profit, and does not receive any pleasure from it. The writer sees quite rich life, travels around the world and sees a lot of new things. But for Oblomov, he is just a machine that is trying to survive all the juices from life.

Alekseev- an old acquaintance of Onegin and is already the fourth guest in his rented estate. He is a minor official who earns little money and does not move up the career ladder. Alekseev fully corresponds to his profession. An official is a small, quiet person who does not like to stand out from others; it is easier for him to squeeze into a corner so that no one can see him. Alekseev is not passionate about his service, does not travel the world, and does not like to attend various noisy social parties. He visits Ilya Ilyich only for free food and drink.

Tarantiev- fifth guest in Oblomov’s house, about 40 years old. He is a minor official, like Alekseev. Throughout his entire life, Tarantiev did not advance any further in his service. The official, despite his low title among his acquaintances, is an arrogant, cunning, and also quite selfish person. He has been robbing Oblomov and Mukhoyarov for quite some time, “pumping” money out of him while he lies quietly on the sofa and simply does not notice it. Tarantiev is a vengeful person who will not forget a single word from an action and will not calm down until he takes revenge.

Doctor Oblomova- another acquaintance of Oblomov and the last guest in his house. He treats Oblomov, examines him and gives him various advice. The doctor is not used to serving small people and treats only nobles and socialites. He is one of the few people who does not profit from someone he knows, but tries to get him off the couch and show him how diverse the world outside the window is. He is a quiet, reserved, but attentive person. The doctor will prefer to advise, but not force you to do something.

Several interesting essays

• Count Ilya Rostov in Tolstoy's novel War and Peace image and characteristics
• Characteristics and image of Tick in the play At the Bottom of Gorky, essay

  In Maxim Gorky's play At the Bottom, the main character is presented - Tick. He is married to Anna, who is ill and soon dies.

• The image and characteristics of Maxim Maksimych in the novel Hero of Our Time by Lermontov essay

  The image of Maxim Maksimych is examined in detail by M. Yu. Lermontov in the novel “A Hero of Our Time” in order to reveal in more detail the image of Grigory Pechorin through the character and worldview of this experienced person.

• The main characters of the story About Peter and Fevronia of Murom

  The story of Peter and Fevronia of Murom, perhaps, can be called a story about the real and bright love that everyone tries to find in their life.

• The meaning of the title of the comedy Woe from Wit Griboyedov 9th grade essay

  Initially, Griboyedov wanted to call his own comedy “Woe to Wit,” that is, he hinted at a certain decline that is inevitably present in society, perhaps as a way to warn his contemporaries against further developments of events.

Name: Ilya Oblomov

A country: Russia

Creator:

Activity: landowner

Family status: married

Ilya Oblomov: character story

The novel is dedicated to a state characteristic of the Russian person. He describes a hero who has fallen into personal stagnation and apathy. The work gave the world the term “Oblomovism” - a derivative of the name of the character in the story. Goncharov created a striking example literature of the 19th century century. The book turned out to be the pinnacle of the writer's creativity. The novel is included in school curriculum Russian literature and does not lose its relevance, although two centuries have passed since its creation.

History of creation

"Oblomov" is a landmark work for Russian literature of the 19th century. Its meaning is not always accessible to schoolchildren who become acquainted with the book at a young age. Adults consider more deeply the idea that the author wanted to convey.

The main character of the work is the landowner Ilya Oblomov, whose lifestyle is incomprehensible to others. Some consider him a philosopher, others a thinker, and others a lazy person. The author allows the reader to compose own opinion, without speaking categorically about the character.

It is impossible to evaluate the concept of a novel separately from the history of the creation of the work. The basis of the book was the story “Dashing Illness,” written by Goncharov several years earlier. Inspiration struck the writer at a time when public and political situation in Russia were tense.

At that time, the image of an apathetic tradesman who was unable to take responsibility for his actions and decisions was typical for the country. The idea for the book was influenced by reasoning. The critic wrote about the appearance of the image of the “superfluous man” in literary works that time. He described the hero as a freethinker, incapable of serious action, a dreamer, useless to society. Oblomov's appearance is a visual embodiment of the nobility of those years. The novel describes the changes occurring in the hero. The characteristics of Ilya Ilyich are subtly outlined in each of the four chapters.

Biography

Main character born into a landowner family living according to the traditional lordly way of life. Ilya Oblomov spent his childhood on a family estate, where life was not very diverse. The parents loved the boy. The affectionate nanny spoiled her with fairy tales and jokes. Sleeping and long sittings at meals were commonplace for the family, and Ilya easily adopted their inclinations. He was protected from all sorts of misfortunes, not allowing him to fight the difficulties that arose.

According to Goncharov, the child grew up apathetic and withdrawn until he turned into a thirty-two-year-old, unprincipled man with an attractive appearance. He lacked interest in anything and concentration on specific subject. The hero's income was provided by serfs, so he did not need anything. The clerk robbed him, his place of residence gradually fell into disrepair, and the sofa became his permanent location.

Oblomov’s descriptive image includes the bright features of a lazy landowner and is collective. Goncharov's contemporaries tried not to name their sons after Ilya if they were the namesakes of their fathers. The household name that Oblomov's name acquired was carefully avoided.

Satirical description of appearance actor becomes a continuation of the string " extra people", which he began and continued. Oblomov is not old, but he is already flabby. His face is expressionless. Grey eyes do not carry even a shadow of thought. He wears an old robe. Goncharov pays attention to the character’s appearance, noting his effeminacy and passivity. The dreamer Oblomov is not ready for action and indulges in laziness. The tragedy of the hero lies in the fact that he has great prospects, but is not able to realize them.

Oblomov is kind and selfless. He does not have to put any effort into anything, and if such a prospect arises, he fears it and shows uncertainty. He often dreams of the setting of his native estate, bringing back a sweet longing for his native place. From time to time, beautiful dreams are dispelled by other heroes of the novel.

He is the antagonist of Ilya Oblomov. The friendship between the men began in childhood. The opposite of a dreamer, Stolz, who has German roots, avoids idleness and is accustomed to working. He criticizes the lifestyle preferred by Oblomov. Stolz knows that his friend’s first attempts to realize his career ended in failure.

Having moved to St. Petersburg as a young man, Ilya tried to work in an office, but things did not go well, and he chose inaction. Stolz is an ardent opponent of passivity and tries to be active, although he understands that his work is not intended for high goals.

She became the woman who managed to awaken Oblomov from idleness. The love that settled in the hero’s heart helped him leave the usual sofa and forget about drowsiness and apathy. The golden heart, sincerity and breadth of soul attracted the attention of Olga Ilyinskaya.

She valued Ilya’s imagination and fantasy and at the same time tried to assert herself by caring for a man who had renounced the world. The girl was inspired by her ability to influence Oblomov and understood that their relationship would not continue. Ilya Ilyich's indecisiveness became the reason for the collapse of this union.

Fleeting obstacles are perceived by Oblomov as indestructible barriers. He is not able to adapt and adapt to social frameworks. Inventing his own cozy world, he distances himself from reality, where he has no place.

Isolation became the path to simple happiness in life, and it was brought by a woman who was constantly nearby. rented out the apartment where the hero lived. After breaking up with Olga Ilyinskaya, he found solace in Agafya’s attention. A thirty-year-old woman fell in love with a tenant, and her feelings did not require changes in character or way of life.

Having united their households, little by little they began to show trust in each other and began to live in perfect harmony. Pshenitsyna did not demand anything from her husband. She was content with the merits and did not pay attention to the shortcomings. The marriage produced a son, Andryusha, Agafya’s only consolation after Oblomov’s death.

• The chapter “Oblomov’s Dream” describes how the hero dreams of a thunderstorm. By popular belief On Elijah’s day you cannot work, so as not to die from thunder. Ilya Ilyich has not worked all his life. The author justifies the character's idleness by believing in omens.
• Coming from a village whose life is cyclical, Oblomov builds love relationship according to this principle. Getting to know Ilyinskaya in the spring, he confesses his feelings in the summer, gradually falls into apathy in the fall and tries to avoid meetings in the winter. The relationship between the characters lasted a year. This was enough to experience a bright palette of feelings and cool them down.

• The author mentions that Oblomov served as a collegiate assessor and managed to be a provincial secretary. Both positions did not correspond to the class to which the landowner belonged, and they could be achieved through hard work. Comparing the facts, it is easy to assume that the hero, who was lazy and while studying at the university, received his position in a different way. The classes of Pshenitsyna and Oblomov corresponded, which the author emphasizes the kinship of souls.
• Life with Agafya suited Oblomov. It is curious that even the woman’s surname is consonant with the rural nature for which the hero yearned.

Quotes

Despite his laziness, Oblomov shows himself to be an educated and sensitive person, deep person with a pure heart and good thoughts. He justifies his inaction by saying:

“...Some people have nothing else to do but talk. There is such a calling."

Internally, Oblomov is strong enough to carry out the deed. The main step towards changes in his life is his love for Ilyinskaya. For her sake, he is capable of feats, one of which is saying goodbye to his favorite robe and sofa. It is quite possible that an object that could interest the hero just as much was simply not found. And if there is no interest, why forget about convenience? Therefore he criticizes the world:

“...There is nothing of their own, they are scattered in all directions, not directed towards anything. Underneath this comprehensiveness lies emptiness, a lack of sympathy for everything!..”

Oblomov in Goncharov’s novel appears at the same time as a lazy person with a negative connotation and an exalted character with poetic talent. His words contain subtle turns and expressions that are alien to the hard worker Stolz. His elegant phrases attract Ilyinskaya and turn Agafya’s head. Oblomov’s world, woven from dreams and dreams, is built on the melody of poetry, love for comfort and harmony, peace of mind and goodness:

“...Memories – or greatest poetry when they are memories of living happiness, or burning pain when they touch dried wounds.”

In 1838, Goncharov wrote a humorous story called “Dashing Illness,” which dealt with a strange epidemic that originated in Western Europe and ended up in St. Petersburg: empty dreams, castles in the air, “the blues.” This “dashing sickness” is a prototype of “Oblomovism”.

The entire novel “Oblomov” was first published in 1859 in the first four issues of the magazine “Otechestvennye zapiski”. Starting work on a novel refers to more early period. In 1849, one of the central chapters of “Oblomov” was published - “Oblomov’s Dream”, which the author himself called “the overture of the entire novel.” The author asks the question: what is “Oblomovism” - a “golden age” or death, stagnation? In “The Dream...” the motifs of staticity and immobility, stagnation predominate, but at the same time one can feel the author’s sympathy, good-natured humor, and not just satirical negation.

As Goncharov later claimed, in 1849 the plan for the novel “Oblomov” was ready and the draft version of its first part was completed. “Soon,” Goncharov wrote, “after publication in 1847 in Sovremennik.” Ordinary history“- I already had Oblomov’s plan ready in my mind.” In the summer of 1849, when “Oblomov’s Dream” was ready, Goncharov made a trip to his homeland, to Simbirsk, whose life retained the imprint of patriarchal antiquity. In this small town, the writer saw many examples of the “sleep” that the inhabitants of his fictional Oblomovka slept.

Work on the novel was interrupted due to trip around the world Goncharova on the frigate "Pallada". Only in the summer of 1857, after the publication of the travel essays “Frigate “Pallada””, Goncharov continued work on “Oblomov”. In the summer of 1857, he went to the resort of Marienbad, where within a few weeks he completed three parts of the novel. In August of the same year, Goncharov began working on the last, fourth, part of the novel, the final chapters of which were written in 1858. “It will seem unnatural,” Goncharov wrote to one of his friends, “how can a person finish in a month what he could not finish in a year? To this I will answer that if there were no years, nothing would be written per month. The fact of the matter is that the novel was taken down to the smallest scenes and details and all that remained was to write it down.” Goncharov recalled this in his article “An Extraordinary History”: “The whole novel had already been completely processed in my head - and I transferred it to paper, as if taking dictation...” However, while preparing the novel for publication, Goncharov rewrote it in 1858 "Oblomov", adding new scenes to it, and made some cuts. Having completed work on the novel, Goncharov said: “I wrote my life and what grows into it.”

Goncharov admitted that the idea of ​​“Oblomov” was influenced by Belinsky’s ideas. The most important circumstance that influenced the concept of the work is considered to be Belinsky’s speech on Goncharov’s first novel, “An Ordinary Story.” In his article “A Look at Russian Literature of 1847,” Belinsky analyzed in detail the image of a noble romantic, an “extra person” claiming an honorable place in life, and emphasized the inactivity of such a romantic in all spheres of life, his laziness and apathy. Demanding the merciless exposure of such a hero, Belinsky also pointed to the possibility of a different ending to the novel than in “An Ordinary History.” When creating the image of Oblomov, Goncharov used a number of characteristic features, outlined by Belinsky in his analysis of “Ordinary History”.

The image of Oblomov also contains autobiographical features. By Goncharov’s own admission, he himself was a sybarite, he loved serene peace, which gives rise to creativity. In his travel diary “Frigate “Pallada”” Goncharov admitted that during the trip most spent time in the cabin, lying on the sofa, not to mention the difficulty with which it was generally decided to circumnavigation. In the friendly circle of the Maykovs, who treated the writer with great love, Goncharov was given a multi-valued nickname - “Prince de Lazy”.

The appearance of the novel “Oblomov” coincided with the most acute crisis of serfdom. The image of an apathetic landowner, incapable of activity, who grew up and was brought up in the patriarchal atmosphere of a manorial estate, where the gentlemen lived serenely thanks to the labor of serfs, was very relevant for his contemporaries. ON THE. Dobrolyubov in his article “What is Oblomovism?” (1859) praised the novel and this phenomenon. In the person of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, it is shown how environment and upbringing disfigure a person’s beautiful nature, giving rise to laziness, apathy, and lack of will.

Oblomov’s path is a typical path of provincial Russian nobles of the 1840s who came to the capital and found themselves outside the circle public life. Service in the department with the inevitable expectation of promotion, from year to year the monotony of complaints, petitions, and establishing relationships with department heads - this turned out to be beyond Oblomov’s strength. He preferred colorless lying on the sofa, devoid of hopes and aspirations, to moving up the career ladder. One of the reasons for “dashing illness,” according to the author, is the imperfection of society. This thought of the author is conveyed to the hero: “Either I don’t understand this life, or it’s no good.” This phrase by Oblomov makes us recall well-known images of “superfluous people” in Russian literature (Onegin, Pechorin, Bazarov, etc.).

Goncharov wrote about his hero: “I had one artistic ideal: this is an image of an honest and kind, sympathetic nature, in highest degree an idealist who has been struggling all his life, truth seeker, encountering lies at every step, being deceived and falling into apathy and powerlessness.” In Oblomov, the dreaminess that was rushing out in Alexander Aduev, the hero of “An Ordinary History,” lies dormant. At heart, Oblomov is also a lyricist, a person who knows how to feel deeply - his perception of music, immersion in the captivating sounds of the aria “Casta diva” indicate that not only “dove meekness”, but also passions are accessible to him. Each meeting with his childhood friend Andrei Stolts, the complete opposite of Oblomov, brings the latter out of his sleepy state, but not for long: the determination to do something, to somehow arrange his life takes possession of him. a short time, while Stolz is next to him. However, Stolz does not have enough time to put Oblomov on a different path. But in any society, at all times, there are people like Tarantiev, who are always ready to help for selfish purposes. They determine the channel along which Ilya Ilyich’s life flows.

Published in 1859, the novel was hailed as a major social event. The Pravda newspaper, in an article dedicated to the 125th anniversary of Goncharov’s birth, wrote: “Oblomov appeared in an era of public excitement, several years before peasant reform, and was perceived as a call to fight against inertia and stagnation.” Immediately after its publication, the novel became the subject of discussion in criticism and among writers.

The hero of the novel, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, is a young man not deprived positive qualities. He is kind, smart, simple-minded. Its main drawback is the inertia and indecision absorbed with mother's milk. His character is a direct consequence of his upbringing. From childhood, not accustomed to work, the spoiled boy did not know the joy of activity. Ideal life, in his understanding, is a carefree period of time between sleep and eating. Having matured, he does not see the point in work; it only brings him a feeling of annoyance. Under a ridiculous pretext, he resigns from his position.

The tragedy of the hero is that he is deprived urgent need earn a piece of bread. The family estate brings him little real income. It, in fact, is the subject of his daily meaningless dreams.

The hero's inactivity is even more pronounced in contrast with his active friend Stolz, a hereditary German. They say about these that the wolf’s legs feed him. He gets his daily bread through painstaking work. At the same time, he reaps not only the difficulties, but, at the same time, the delights of an action-packed life.

In the novel, the author asks himself the question of what “Oblomovism” is? Is this the tragedy of the children of hereditary landowners, instilled in them from childhood or an original Russian character trait? Is it possible to break out of a vicious circle through an effort of will or to end a life that is meaningless for society without doing anything? What is the meaning of existence for someone affected by pathological laziness? And only a thinking reader will understand that the author is concerned about the future of the state against the background of the collective image of his character.

Having written his novel about an inert middle-class landowner, I. A. Goncharov introduced the term “Oblomovism” into the Russian language, on behalf of its main character. It means peacefully passive idleness, meaningless, idle pastime. Fear of going beyond the comfortable state of half-asleep.

Option 2

Ilya Oblomov is the main character in the novel “Oblomov” by I.A. Goncharova.

Oblomov is thirty-two to thirty-three years old. He had average height, small hands, a plump body and dark gray eyes. In general, he had a pleasant appearance.

Ilya is a hereditary nobleman. As a child, I was an active and energetic child, but my parents stopped this. He was not burdened with any problems. They didn’t let him do anything on his own; the servants even put on his socks. Oblomov is an educated person in law and legal proceedings. Now he is a retired official. He served in St. Petersburg, but he got tired of it, and Ilya left. Oblomov never had affairs with women. They started, but ended immediately. He had only one close friend - the complete opposite of Ilya - Andrei Stolts. The main character is a thoughtful and melancholic person. He often thinks about something while lying on the sofa. He doesn’t finish anything: he studied English and gave up, he studied mathematics and also gave up. Considers studying to be a waste of time. Its development has long stopped.

Now Oblomov has his own estate, but he is not involved in it. Sometimes Stolz takes over and resolves some issues. Ilya often and carefully thinks about how he could improve it, but it doesn’t come to practice.

He doesn't like to go out into the world. Only his friend Andrey manages to get him out into the public eye. Also, only because of him Oblomov can read a couple of books, but without interest, lazily.

The main character is very concerned about his health and is afraid of getting sick. However, he spends most of his time at home in a lying position. His old servant, Zakhar, does all the work for him. Oblomov often overeats. He knows that this is harmful to the body, but he has done this all his life and is used to it. Doctors often examine him and advise him to completely change his lifestyle in order to feel better. But Ilya only uses this as an excuse to do nothing, claiming that he is sick.

Oblomov has a very kind heart, able to help people. Later he will marry Agafya Pshenitsina and adopt her children, whom he will raise with his own money. She will not bring him anything new; she will only be an addition to his usual way of life. Sometimes Ilya thinks about himself like this, and his conscience torments him. He begins to envy other people who have an interesting and luxurious life. Everyone tries to blame someone for their lifestyle, but finds no one.

Essay about Oblomov

“He was a man about thirty-two or three years old, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, any concentration in his facial features.” Thus, with a description of Oblomov, I.A.’s novel begins. Goncharova.

At first glance, Oblomov is apathetic, lazy and indifferent. He can lie on the bed for a long time and think about something of his own or be in his dream world. Oblomov doesn’t even notice the cobwebs on the walls or the dust on the mirrors. However, this is only the first impression.

The first visitor is Volkov. Oblomov didn’t even get out of bed. Volkov is a young man of twenty-five years old, dressed in latest fashion, combed, sparkling with health. Oblomov’s first reaction to Volkov was: “Don’t come, don’t come: you’re coming from the cold!” Despite all Volkov’s attempts to invite Oblomov to dinner or to Yekateringof, Ilya Ilyich refuses and remains at home, seeing no point in traveling.

After Volkov leaves, Oblomov turns over on his back and talks about Volkov, but his thoughts are interrupted by another call. This time Sudbinsky came to him. This time Ilya Ilyich's reaction was similar. Sudbinsky invites Oblomov to dinner with the Murashins, but even here Oblomov refuses.

The third guest was Penkin. “Still the same incorrigible, carefree sloth!” says Penkin. Oblomov and Penkin discuss the story, and Penkin asks Oblomov to read the story “The Love of a Bribe Taker for a Fallen Woman,” however brief retelling makes Ilya Ilyich angry. After all, the story ridicules vice, contempt for fallen man, to which Oblomov reacts ambiguously. He understands that any thief or fallen woman is first and foremost a person.

However, Oblomov’s essence is fully revealed through love. Love for Olga Ilyinskaya inspires him. He reads, develops for her sake, Oblomov blossoms, dreams of a happy future together. But realizing that he is not ready to change completely, realizing that he cannot give Olga what she needs, realizing that he is not created for her, he retreats. He understands that he will not be able to find the long-awaited happiness with Ilyinskaya. But after a while, he develops a relationship with Pshenitsina, which will be built on love and respect.

The attitude towards Oblomov cannot be unambiguous. The character of the hero is multifaceted. On the one hand, he is lazy and passive, but on the other, he is smart, he understands human psychology, he knows how to love and is capable of much for the sake of love. In conclusion, we can say that all the qualities of a Russian person are collected in one character.

Option 4

To the main character novel of the same name"Oblomov" A.I. Goncharova is about thirty-two or thirty-three years old. He is a young man, not without a pleasant appearance, and a fairly educated man, a hereditary nobleman. Oblomov Ilya Ilyich is kind, quite smart and childishly simple-minded.

However, everything positive features overshadowed by one negative one - pathological laziness settled in his thoughts and over time took over Oblomov’s entire body. The body of the young nobleman has become flabby, has become loose and feminine - Ilya Ilyich does not bother himself with either mental or physical activity, preferring to lie on the couch almost all the time and dream about how to do nothing more. “As if everything would happen by itself!” - this is his life credo.

Having inherited an estate that provides a small but stable income, Oblomov does not improve anything in it and does not strive to ensure that his affairs prosper. Out of laziness, Ilya Ilyich threw all his worries regarding the estate onto the manager, who mercilessly and shamelessly robs him. Oblomov's servant Zakhar performs minor daily chores. And Ilya Ilyich himself prefers to lie on the sofa all day and daydream - a kind of “sofa dreamer”.

His dreams take him very far - in his dreams he would improve a lot on his estate, becoming even richer, but his dreams are meaningless. He doesn't even try to implement them. Dreams collide with his inertia and infantilism and are broken daily, turning into unrealistic, foggy dreams that end up settling on the sofa, enveloping Oblomov.

Why is there an estate - Oblomov is too lazy to even go on a visit. When he is invited to go on a visit, he avoids visits under far-fetched pretexts, remaining lying on his dear sofa. Oblomov does not like to go out - it is lazy and uninteresting to him.

Realizing that he was not developing spiritually and could not give anything to his chosen one except maintenance, Oblomov even abandoned his love for Olga Ilyinskaya. At first, Ilya Ilyich tried to change for the sake of Olga, he began to read a lot in order to achieve spiritual development her level, dreamed of a happy future with the woman he loved. But he was not ready to change completely even with love - Oblomov was stopped by fear of irreversible changes and he gave up his dream. He was completely satisfied current life couch potatoes were not even encouraged to get up from their favorite sofa strong passions like love and passion for a woman.

Oblomov was made so inert and inactive by his own parents, who from childhood instilled in their son that all important things should be done for him by others. They suppressed any manifestation of the boy’s activity, and gradually Ilya turned into a desperate sloth. This is how not only Ilya Ilyich Oblomov lived in those days - many scions of the noble family lived this way. Author created collective image sybarite noble origin of that time and called this phenomenon “Oblomovism”. The writer was worried about the fate of Russia and he was afraid that such “Oblomovs” would rule it.

Several interesting essays

Aglaya Ivanovna Epanchina is a girl from a wealthy noble family with two older sisters - Alexandra and Adelaide. The father of the family is a general, the mother is from a princely family. Younger sister is the favorite of the whole family.