Mtsyri as a romantic hero summary. "Mtsyri" - the romantic hero of the poem
In almost every one of his works, the famous Russian writer Lermontov tried to take into account Byron’s experience and not just experience, but a creative approach to work. Of course, many may ask the question, who is he? But not those who are familiar with the poet’s work. After all, people who are well acquainted with the work of Mikhail Yuryevich know that this man is very long years was his idol. That is why almost every hero can be spoken of as a Byronic hero. Let's be clear and say that the Byronic hero is actually a romantic image with the most highest qualities, a rebel hero with a natural nature and a difficult fate.
This is a man who tries to live honest life, without succumbing to any circumstances of fate.
Experts and critics in the field of literature are sure that it was precisely these qualities that attracted Lermontov so much because he himself, by nature, was such a character.
Was no exception romantic hero"Mtsyri", whom Lermontov tried with all his authorial strength to make the ideal of a romantic hero.
About the life of the main character of this work we learn as if from first-hand experience, since the writer chose confession as the form of narration of this work.
It is worth noting that confession is the most popular genre romantic style. It will also be important to take into account the fact that confession is usually filled with tragic fate. Our hero is no exception; it is his tragic and to some extent unfair fate that attracts the author, and the author is also seriously attracted by the hero’s frankness. He honestly and truthfully tells his whole life, as if cleansing his soul from the suffering and torment that tormented him for so many years.
Oddly enough, but it is romanticism that attracts a large number of readers, because it is so lacking in everyday life.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, romanticism was developing in full swing in Russia, which replaced the classical traditions. If before that literary works were aimed at developing the social side, and wanted to show a certain ideal of the structure, then for the romantic side the main thing becomes completely different. In the work of such writers, the main focus is on the person himself, his thoughts, goals, how he lives, and what he thinks about.
Romantics are confident in their beliefs that every person is unique and special, and he himself is, first of all, the main value, therefore writers try to pay attention to the feelings and experiences of their heroes. Thus, a character full of romanticism is created, and very quickly precise literary rules are created, which our famous writer did not exclude.
Mtsyri’s life, or rather about its main points, can be learned from him himself, since Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov chose the form of confession for his poem. After all, such a genre very well helps to reveal the entire essence of a person’s soul, and the work itself comes out colorful and bright. Mtsyri lives in an unusual place, in a monastery in the Caucasus. This place at that time was considered quite unusual, where there was freedom and free-thinking.
The very character of the hero is visible even in how little is highlighted about what the young man’s life was like before he entered the monastery, everything is very brief and concise. Staying in a monastery is a mystery, very typical for such poems. When he was still a child, he was captured. A Russian general captured him and placed him in a monastery, where young Mtsyri lived for many years. But the young man is not a simple monk, he has a completely different character, he rebels from such a life. He can't forget his motherland, to renounce the place where he was born and where he definitely wants to return at any cost.
How long did our hero think about his escape? After all, it goes without saying that the monks did not think of harming him, of causing any harm. But the way they live young man this is all alien, since he wants a completely different world for himself and for the sake of it he can undertake any risky business. He runs - this is a rebellion against the rules. As the work shows, this happened during a stormy stormy night, when the clergy prayed that God would stop being angry with them. For a young man, thunderstorms are a joy; he wants to join the flow of stormy elements and become free!
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An important stage of learning is a form of knowledge testing such as an essay. "Mtsyri" is the romantic hero of Lermontov's poem. Mikhail Yurievich created unusual character with a tragic fate, who endlessly finds himself in an unusual environment. The name of the main character also hints at this. After all, this word is translated from Georgian as “monk, novice” or “stranger, foreigner.”
Let's consider a possible option school work"An essay based on the poem "Mtsyri". As it appears to the reader from the first lines.
The main idea of the story
Lermontov portrayed very strong in spirit a person who is ready to sacrifice everything, even his life, for the sake of his ideals and goals.
The main idea of the work is protest and courage. The love motive is almost completely absent; it is reflected only in the short meeting of the hero with a Georgian woman near a mountain stream.
Not only the main character strongly attracts the reader's attention, but also the plot of the story itself.
When Mtsyri was still a child, the Russian general sent him to a Georgian monastery to be raised. Nothing is known about the boy’s relatives, and he himself was taken as a prisoner. Main character could not withstand such a blow of fate, because he was left an orphan in a place completely foreign to him. Because of this, the disease began to slowly kill him. Mtsyri was approaching death faster and faster. But he was lucky: one monk who became attached to him saved the boy. The young man grew up, learned the language and was preparing to be tonsured. “Mtsyri as a romantic hero” is an essay about a real person.
Escape in a thunderstorm
But suddenly a fatal event happens: on the eve of tonsure, Mtsyri arranges an escape. This night was terrible, a thunderstorm raged with might and main. The actions of the main character and the weather even complement each other. Of course, they begin to look for the hero. The search lasted three whole days, but everything was in vain. In the end, he is found unconscious, and the same illness that struck him in childhood begins to destroy him again. An essay on the topic “Mtsyri as a romantic hero” should colorfully reflect this moment. The monk who raised him is again trying to save the main character from the clutches of death. Mtsyri confesses to him, his confession is filled with notes of pride and passion. It reveals the character of the main character.
Life in the monastery
“Mtsyri as a romantic hero” is an essay about involuntary imprisonment.Of course, the most important point remains the question of Mtsyri’s escape. Why did he do this? What are the reasons? We should not forget that our hero spent his life in this monastery not of his own free will. He became a prisoner, and the monastery became a prison. Such a life was not a life for him at all. In his opinion, it is better to die in freedom than to live in captivity all the time. How much the hero was deprived of! Mother's lullabies, games with peers. He was never a monk at heart; evil fate forced him to be one. That's why he dreamed of getting, at least for a short moment, everything that he had lost.
Mtsyri knew that he was taking a very big risk, because he had no one and nothing in that unknown world. But that didn't stop him. The hero wasted no time when he finally got what he wanted for so long. He looks with complete delight at the world he was deprived of. And only here we see the real Mtsyri. His gloom and silence disappear somewhere, and we see that the hero of the poem is not only a rebel, but also a romantic. These character traits were revealed against the backdrop of the beautiful Caucasian nature.
Mtsyri as a romantic hero: an essay on fortitude
He is shown to be courageous and brave, he feels like a warrior, even though he never had the opportunity to experience battles and battles. Very important point The main character's tears appear in the story. He was very proud of the fact that he usually did not give them free rein. But when escaping, Mtsyri could not restrain himself, even if no one saw him. The hero even compared himself to a thunderstorm. While the monks cowardly hid from her, he decided to escape. It was as if he had become part of this stormy night.
Fortitude and patriotism
The young man’s courage and perseverance is manifested not only in the escape itself, not only in the fact that he decided to take such a risk, but also, for example, in the episode of the battle with the leopard. To analyze the main plot of the poem, you can write an essay “Mtsyri as a romantic hero.” Briefly the author expresses his attitude towards important things in life. He was not afraid of death, because returning to the monastery, returning to his captivity were much more terrible for him. The tragic ending only emphasizes the strength of spirit, patriotism and love for the will of the protagonist. And maybe he couldn't defeat fate. He was able to change it only for a short moment. But all this did not break inner world hero.
Mtsyri is a deep patriot, because his main goal after escaping is the road to his homeland. Yes, he understands that no one is waiting for him there, but that’s not the main thing. It is important for him to at least just set foot on his native soil.
Meeting
The steadfastness and strength of Mtsyri’s patriotism is also proven by the episode of his meeting with a girl. He felt the birth of his first love, he had only to follow the girl. But the desire to get to the Motherland turns out to be stronger. Despite everything, he continues to move forward.
The role of landscape
They perfectly reveal the image of Mtsyri not only him personal traits, but also the surrounding landscape. Mtsyri is a romantic hero, so he completely and completely feels unity with nature. He identifies himself either with a thunderstorm or with a small leaf. Either he, like flowers at sunrise, raises his head, then he learns the secrets of birds, listening to their chirping. He understands every pebble, every twig and blade of grass, notices all the shades of nature. He feels like an extension of her.
But nature is very strong and dangerous. Despite his unity with her, she also becomes an obstacle. That dark forest in which the hero got lost. He didn’t give up until the very end, but he was so desperate when the whole truth reached Mtsyri - he walked in circles.
Nature gave Mtsyri almost everything he desired: a sense of freedom, a sense of life. But main goal the hero is not given the opportunity to achieve, since he is not able to overcome the weakness of the body.
Traditional features of romanticism in the poem
The poem by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov is undoubtedly filled with the traditions of romanticism, which is proved by the main one as a romantic hero" - an essay on the school curriculum that reveals the character. He is full of passions, lonely, united with nature, and not with the environment. He gradually and completely opens his soul. All these are signs of romanticism.
The form of confession is also characteristic of poems in the Romantic style. After all, we read the hero’s soul through his own experiences, they are very detailed, which only helps to penetrate him deeper. In addition, the confession contains many metaphors and images. An essay on the topic “Mtsyri as a romantic hero” should reflect the fact that the hero’s childhood was unhappy. Thanks to this, we understand our hero and his inner world more deeply.
Lermontov is proud of his character. After all, slavery makes people weak and kills their willpower. Fortunately, this did not happen to Mtsyri. His character is a counterbalance modern society, in which the author himself lived. The hero of the poem reflects the struggle and strength, but unfortunately there are too few of them to defeat society.When the hero's strength leaves him, he does not betray himself. His death is also a protest. Finally he gets what he wanted - freedom. His soul will undoubtedly return to his homeland.
Mtsyri will forever remain a symbol of unbending will, courage and perseverance, which will help a person achieve his goals, no matter what. An essay on literature "Mtsyri - a romantic hero" is part school curriculum in high school.
The poem "Mtsyri" is the fruit of an active and intense creative work Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. Even in his youth, the poet’s imagination painted the image of a young man, on the threshold of death, delivering an angry, protesting speech to his listener - a senior monk. In the poem “Confession” (1830, the action takes place in Spain), the hero, imprisoned, proclaims the right to love, which is higher than monastic regulations. His passion for the Caucasus, the desire to depict situations in which the courageous character of the hero can be revealed most fully, leads Lermontov, at the time of the highest flowering of his talent, to create the poem “Mtsyri” (1840), repeating many poems from the previous stages of his work. over the same image. Belinsky V. G. Articles about Lermontov - M., 1986. - P. 85.
Before "Mtsyri" the poem "The Fugitive" was written. In it, Lermontov develops the theme of punishment for cowardice and betrayal. Brief story: a traitor to duty, forgetting about his homeland, Harun fled from the battlefield without taking revenge on his enemies for the death of his father and brothers. But neither a friend, nor a lover, nor a mother will accept the fugitive; even everyone will turn away from his corpse, and no one will take him to the cemetery. The poem called for heroism, for the fight for the freedom of the homeland. In the poem "Mtsyri" Lermontov develops the idea of courage and protest inherent in "Confession" and the poem "The Fugitive". In "Mtsyri" the poet almost completely excluded love motive, who played such a significant role in “Confession” (the love of the hero-monk for a nun). This motive was reflected only in a brief meeting between Mtsyri and a Georgian woman near a mountain stream. Belskaya L.L. The motive of loneliness in Russian poetry: From Lermontov to Mayakovsky. - M.: Russian speech, 2001. - P. 163
The hero, defeating the involuntary impulse of a young heart, renounces personal happiness in the name of the ideal of freedom. The patriotic idea is combined in the poem with the theme of freedom, as in the works of the Decembrist poets. Lermontov does not share these concepts: love for the fatherland and thirst for will merge into one, but “fiery passion.” The monastery becomes a prison for Mtsyri, the cells seem stuffy to him, the walls seem gloomy and deaf, the monk guards seem cowardly and pitiful, and he himself seems like a slave and a prisoner. His desire to find out whether “we were born into this world for freedom or prison” is due to a passionate impulse for freedom. Short days to escape is his will. Only outside the monastery he lived, and did not vegetate. Only these days he calls bliss.
Mtsyri’s freedom-loving patriotism is least like a dreamy love for family beautiful scenery and dear graves, although the hero yearns for them too. It is precisely because he truly loves his homeland that he wants to fight for the freedom of his homeland. But at the same time, the poet with undoubted sympathy sings of the warlike dreams of the young man. The poem does not fully reveal the hero’s aspirations, but they are palpable in hints. Mtsyri remembers his father and acquaintances first of all as warriors; It’s no coincidence that he dreams of battles in which he... wins, it is not for nothing that his dreams draw him into the “wonderful world of worries and battles.” He is convinced that he could be “in the land of his fathers, not the last of the daredevils.” Although fate did not allow Mtsyri to experience the rapture of battle, with all the structure of his feelings he is a warrior. He was distinguished by his stern restraint even from his childhood. The young man, proud of this, says: “Do you remember, in my childhood I never knew tears.” He gives vent to tears only during his escape, because no one sees them. Belinsky V.G. Articles about Lermontov. - M., 1986. - P. 98
The tragic loneliness in the monastery strengthened Mtsyri's will. It is no coincidence that he fled from the monastery on a stormy night: what frightened the fearful monks filled his heart with a feeling of brotherhood with the thunderstorm. Mtsyri's courage and fortitude are most clearly demonstrated in the battle with the leopard. He was not afraid of the grave, because he knew; returning to the monastery is a continuation of previous suffering. The tragic ending indicates that the approach of death does not weaken the spirit of the hero and the power of his freedom-loving patriotism. The old monk's admonitions do not make him repent. Even now he would “exchange paradise and eternity” for a few minutes of life among his loved ones (poems that displeased the censorship). It was not his fault if he failed to join the ranks of the fighters for what he considered his sacred duty: the circumstances turned out to be insurmountable, and he “argued with fate” in vain. Defeated, he is not spiritually broken and remains in a positive way our literature, and his masculinity, integrity, heroism were a reproach to the fragmented hearts of fearful and inactive contemporaries from the noble society. The Caucasian landscape is introduced into the poem mainly as a means of revealing the image of the hero. Blagoy D.D. Lermontov and Pushkin: Life and work of M.Yu. Lermontov.- M., 1941. - P. 35
Despising his surroundings, Mtsyri feels only a kinship with nature. Imprisoned in a monastery, he compares himself to a pale, typical leaf growing between damp slabs. Having broken free, he, along with the sleepy flowers, raises his head when the east turns rich. A child of nature, he falls to the ground and learns how fairy tale hero, the mystery of bird songs, the mysteries of their prophetic chirping. He understands the dispute between the stream and the stones, the thought of separated rocks yearning to meet. His gaze is sharpened: he notices the shine of the snake’s scales and the shimmer of silver on the fur of the leopard, he sees the jagged teeth of distant mountains and a pale strip “between the dark sky and earth”, it seems to him that his “diligent gaze” could follow the flight of angels through the transparent blue of the sky . (The verse of the poem also corresponds to the character of the hero). Lermontov's poem continues the traditions of advanced romanticism; Mtsyri, full of fiery passions, gloomy and lonely, revealing his “soul” in a confessional story, is perceived as the hero of romantic poems.
However, Lermontov, who created "Mtsyri" in those years when he was created and realistic novel"Hero of Our Time" introduces features into his work that are not present in his earlier poems. If the past of the heroes of "Confession" and "Boyar Orsha" remains completely unknown, and we do not know those social conditions, which shaped their characters, then the lines about Mtsyri’s unhappy childhood and fatherland help to better understand the hero’s experiences and thoughts. The very form of confession, characteristic of romantic poems, is associated with the desire to reveal deeper - to “tell the soul.” This psychologism of the work and the detailing of the hero’s experiences are natural for the poet, who at the same time was creating a socio-psychological novel. An expressive combination of abundant metaphors romantic in nature in the confession itself (images of fire, fervor) with a realistically accurate and poetically sparse introduction. ("Once upon a time a Russian general...") Belinsky V.G. Articles about Lermontov. - M., 1986. - P. 85 - 126
Romantic poem testified to the growth of realistic tendencies in Lermontov’s work. Lermontov entered Russian literature as a successor to the traditions of Pushkin and the Decembrist poets, and at the same time as a new link in the chain of development national culture. According to Belinsky, he introduced his own “Lermontovian element” into national literature. Briefly explaining what should be included in this definition, the critic as the first characteristic feature creative heritage the poet noted the “original living thought” in his poems. Belinsky repeated: “Everything breathes with original and creative thought.” Russian literature of the 19th century: Large educational reference book. M.: Bustard, 2004. - P. 325
Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov, a famous Russian poet, is one of the most prominent representatives directions of romanticism in literature. His works are often dedicated to feelings of despair and spiritual bondage, which are caused by the severity of earthly life and the inability to live freely.
Lermontov was always attracted by the power of the elements of the human spirit and the desire to remain oneself, despite circumstances and trials. The romantic poem "Mtsyri" is also devoted to this topic. The poet gives romantic image The main character has that burning despair and that thirst for free will and life, which gives the poem an atmosphere of gloomy despair and hopelessness.
The image of Mtsyri in the poem
Mtsyri's life is hard and unbearable - he is imprisoned in a monastery, and desperately longs to return to his homeland and enjoy its vastness and fresh air. He endures being in captivity extremely hard, and decides to escape, despite the fact that this could lead to his death.
The mental anguish is unbearable, and Mtsyri understands that it is better to die than to live like this further. Lermontov raises the theme of the Caucasus, which is characteristic of Russian literature of that period. The wild and beautiful nature of this region corresponds to the people who live in it - they are freedom-loving people, strong and brave.
This is how Mtsyri is presented, who values, first of all, his freedom and his ideals, and does not resign himself to reality. And the majestic and impressive nature of the Caucasus emphasizes the romantic mood of the poem and the character traits of the main character Mtsyri.
Contrasting dreams and reality
The description of nature speaks of romantic ideal and the desire to become spiritually richer, about the passion that is in human soul and which leads the hero into a world that seems ideal and real to him. The hero Mtsyri himself represents a contrast to the whole world, so he is not like other people; real ardent feelings live in his soul, which imprisonment does not allow him to endure.
He strives to experience something exceptional, and is ready to see it in the world around him. He is lonely in his soul, because he feels isolated from other people. Mtsyri is the concentration of will, courage and true passion. Lermontov created his hero this way because he wanted to emphasize the contrast between dreams and reality.
His hero escapes from the monastery, and after going through many trials, he never reaches his goal. home. He dies, but it is important exactly how Mtsyri passes away - happy and peaceful. Mtsyri thanks fate for those beautiful moments which she gave him in nature, and understands that for the sake of these moments it was worth taking the risk - leaving the monastery and meeting death with dignity.
The tragic end of the poem- this is a celebration inner freedom the main character, who, despite death and obstacles, feels truly happy. His desire for freedom is main lesson, which Lermontov wants to present to readers, the poet points out that it is for this that it is worth living and overcoming difficulties.
This internal landmark of Mtsyri is a symbol of the meaning of human life. And his rebellious nature, which is revealed in longing for his homeland, suggests that in life it is worth looking for something exceptional and unusual, and something that will fill human existence true emotional feelings.
Lermontov was always fascinated and attracted by the Caucasus. The majesty of the mountains, the crystal purity and dangerous power of the rivers, the bright unusual greenery and, of course, the freedom-loving and proud people fed the imagination of the romantic poet. And the Caucasus was also chosen as the setting for the poem “Mtsyri”.
This is a work about courage and freedom. The poet almost completely excluded the love motive - it is present only in the episode brief meeting Mtsyri with a Georgian woman near a mountain stream. The hero, defeating the involuntary impulse of the young heart, refuses excellent happiness in the name of his homeland and freedom. Lermontov does not share these concepts: love for the motherland and thirst for will merge into one, but “fiery passion.”
The monastery becomes a prison for Mtsyri, the cells seem stuffy to him, the walls seem gloomy and dull, the guards-monks are cowardly and pitiful, and he himself is a slave and a prisoner. His desire to find out whether “we were born into this world for freedom or prison” is due to a passionate impulse for freedom. The short days of escape are his whole life. Only outside the monastery he lived, and did not vegetate. Only these days he calls bliss.
Mtsyri's freedom-loving patriotism is least of all similar to a dreamy love for his native beautiful landscapes and expensive graves, although the hero yearns for them too. It is precisely because he truly loves his homeland that he wants to fight for the freedom of his homeland. And the poet with undoubted sympathy sings of the warlike dreams of the young man.
Mtsyri remembers his father and acquaintances first of all as warriors; It is no coincidence that he dreams of battles in which he wins; it is not for nothing that his dreams draw him into the “wonderful world of anxiety and battles.” He is convinced that he could be “in the land of his fathers, not one of the last daredevils.” Although fate did not allow Mtsyri to experience the rapture of battle, with all the structure of his feelings he is a warrior. He was distinguished by his stern restraint even from his childhood. The young man, proud of this, says: “Do you remember, in my childhood I never knew tears.” He gives vent to tears only while running, because no one sees them. Tragic loneliness in the monastery strengthened Mtsyri’s will. He fled from the monastery into a stormy night: what frightened the fearful monks was close to him - Mtsyri feels a kinship with the elements.
The hero’s courage and fortitude are most clearly demonstrated in the battle with the leopard. Mtsyri is not afraid of death, because he knows: returning to the monastery means continuing his previous suffering. The tragic ending indicates that the approach of death does not weaken the spirit of the hero and the power of his love of freedom. The old monk's admonitions do not make him repent. Even now he would “trade paradise and eternity” for a few minutes of life among his loved ones. It was not his fault if he failed to join the ranks of the fighters for what he considered his sacred duty: the circumstances turned out to be insurmountable, and he “argued with fate” in vain. Defeated, Mtsyri was not spiritually broken, his courage, integrity, heroism are traits that Lermontov did not find among his fearful and inactive contemporaries.
The true hero of the poem is the Caucasus. The landscape in the work serves as a means of revealing the image of Mtsyri. Despising his surroundings, the hero feels a kinship only with nature. Imprisoned in a monastery, he compares himself to a pale greenhouse leaf that has grown between damp slabs. Having broken free, he wakes up along with the flowers. A child of nature, he falls to the ground and, like a fairy-tale hero, learns the secret of bird songs. He understands the dispute between the stream and the stones, the thought of separated rocks yearning to meet. Mtsyri sees what others do not notice: the shine of snake scales and the shimmer of silver on the fur of a leopard, the jagged teeth of distant mountains and the pale stripe “between the dark sky and earth”; it seems to him that his “diligent gaze” could follow through the transparent blue of the sky behind the flight of angels.
Mtsyri, full of fiery passions, gloomy and lonely, reveals his soul in a confessional story. Lines about unhappy childhood and adolescence Mtsyri help to better understand his experiences and thoughts. The author sought to reveal as fully as possible - to “tell the soul” of his amazing hero.
So, in Lermontov’s poem all the features of romanticism are present: the place of action is the Caucasus, exotic and magnificent; the poet's attention is focused on the psychology of the protagonist; The plot of the work consists of bright, far from ordinary events. But the main thing is that in the center of the poem is the image of Mtsyri, an extraordinary, strong, brave, freedom-loving person - the author endowed him with all the qualities of a romantic hero, wonderful, but impossible.
