Organization of fire safety training in institutions. We organize fire safety training

The main types of training for employees of organizations in measures fire safety are fire safety briefing and studying the minimum fire-technical knowledge (fire-technical minimum).

Fire safety training

Fire safety briefing is carried out with the aim of informing employees of organizations of the basic fire safety requirements, studying the fire hazard of technological processes of production and equipment, fire protection equipment, as well as their actions in the event of a fire.

Fire safety training is carried out by the administration (owner) of the organization according to special training programs on fire safety measures for employees of organizations and in the manner determined by the head of the organization (owner).

Conducting fire safety training includes

familiarizing employees of organizations with:

Rules for the maintenance of territory, buildings (structures) and premises, including evacuation routes, external and internal water supply systems, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process;

Fire safety requirements, based on the specific fire hazard of technological processes, production facilities and facilities;

Measures to ensure fire safety during the operation of buildings (structures), equipment, and the performance of fire hazardous work;

Rules for the use of open fire and hot work;

Responsibilities and actions of workers in case of fire, rules for calling the fire department, rules for the use of fire extinguishing means and fire automatic installations.

According to the nature and time of fire safety training

divided into: introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated,

unplanned and targeted.

On conducting introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled,

targeted fire safety briefings an entry is made in the journal

conducting fire safety briefings with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and the person instructing (Appendix No. ___).

Introductory fire safety training is carried out:

With all employees newly hired, regardless of their education, length of service in the profession (position);

With seasonal workers;

with students arriving for on-the-job training or internship;

Introductory fire safety training in the organization is carried out

the head of the organization or the person responsible for the fire department

security assigned by order (instruction) of the manager

organizations.

Induction training is carried out in a specially equipped

indoors using visual aids and teaching aids

materials.

Introductory briefing is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of fire safety standards, rules, regulations and instructions. The induction training program is approved by order (instruction) of the head of the organization. The duration of the instruction is set in accordance with the approved program.

Sample list questions of introductory fire safety briefing:

1. General information about the specifics and features of the organization (production) in terms of fire and explosion hazards.

2. Duties and responsibilities of employees for compliance with fire safety requirements.

3. Familiarization with the fire safety regime in the organization.

4. Familiarization with orders for compliance with fire safety regulations; with site and workshop fire safety instructions; the main causes of fires that can be or have been in the workshop, site, workplace, or residential premises.

5. General measures for fire prevention and fire extinguishing:

a) for heads of structural divisions, workshops, sections (timing of inspection and testing of hydrants, charging fire extinguishers, automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems, familiarization with the initial training program for personnel of a given workshop, section, ensuring personal and collective safety, etc.);

b) for workers (actions in the event of a fire or fire, reporting a fire to the fire department, to the immediate supervisor, methods and means of extinguishing a fire or fire, means and measures of personal and collective safety).

The introductory fire safety briefing ends with practical training of actions in the event of a fire and testing of knowledge of fire extinguishing equipment and fire protection systems.

Primary fire safety training is carried out directly at the workplace:

With all those newly hired;

With those transferred from one division of this organization to another;

With employees performing work that is new to them;

With employees seconded to the organization;

With seasonal workers;

With construction specialists performing construction, installation and other work on the territory of the organization;

With students arriving for on-the-job training or internship.

Conducting initial fire safety training for these categories of workers is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in each structural unit, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.

Primary fire safety training is carried out according to the program,

developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, norms and instructions

on fire safety. Induction program

approved by the head of a structural unit of the organization or

the person responsible for fire safety of the structural unit.

An approximate list of questions for conducting initial fire safety training:

Familiarization according to the evacuation plan with the locations of primary fire extinguishing equipment, hydrants, water and sand reserves, evacuation routes and exits (with a walk around the relevant premises and territories).

Conditions for the occurrence of combustion and fire (in the workplace, in the organization).

Fire hazardous properties of the raw materials used, materials and manufactured products.

Fire hazard of the technological process.

Responsibility for compliance with fire safety requirements.

Types of fire extinguishers and their use depending on the class of fire (type of flammable substance, characteristics of the equipment).

Requirements for extinguishing electrical installations and production equipment.

The behavior and actions of the person being instructed during a fire and in fire conditions, as well as in case of heavy smoke on escape routes.

Ways to report a fire.

Personal safety measures in case of fire.

Methods of providing first aid to victims.

Primary fire safety training is carried out with each employee individually, with practical demonstration and training of skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, and assistance to victims.

All employees of an organization with fire-hazardous production, and

Also, those working in buildings (structures) with large numbers of people (over 50 people) must practically demonstrate the ability to act in case of fire and use primary fire extinguishing agents.

Primary fire safety training is possible with a group of people servicing the same type of equipment and within a common workplace.

Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization with all employees, regardless of qualifications, education, experience, nature of the work performed, at least once a year, and with employees of organizations with fire-hazardous production, at least once every six months.

Repeated fire safety training is carried out in accordance with

schedule of classes approved by the head of the organization.

Repeated fire safety training is carried out individually

or with a group of workers servicing the same type of equipment in

within the general workplace according to the program of primary fire safety briefing in the workplace.

During the repeated fire safety briefing, the

knowledge of fire safety standards, rules, norms and instructions,

ability to use primary fire extinguishing means, knowledge of routes

evacuation, fire warning systems and evacuation process management

of people.

Unscheduled fire safety training is carried out:

When introducing new or changing previously developed rules, regulations, fire safety instructions, and other documents containing fire safety requirements;

When changing the production process, replacing or upgrading equipment, tools, raw materials, materials, as well as changing other factors affecting the fire safety condition of the facility;

If employees of the organization violate fire safety requirements, which could or have led to a fire;

For additional study of fire safety measures at the request of state fire supervision authorities when they identify insufficient knowledge among employees of the organization;

During breaks in work, more than 30 calendar days (for work that is subject to additional fire safety requirements), and for other work - 60 calendar days;

Upon receipt of information materials about accidents and fires that occurred in similar industries;

When establishing facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of fire safety requirements by employees of organizations.

Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out by an employee responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) who has the necessary training, individually or with a group of workers of the same profession. The volume and content of unscheduled fire safety briefings are determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated the need for it.

Targeted fire safety training is carried out:

When performing one-time work associated with an increased fire danger (welding and other hot work);

When eliminating the consequences of accidents, natural Disasters and disasters;

When performing work for which a permit is issued, when performing hot work in explosive industries;

When conducting excursions to organizations;

When organizing public events with students;

When preparing to organize events with a large number of people (collegium meetings, meetings, conferences, meetings, etc.), with the number of participants more than 50 people.

Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) and in cases established by fire safety rules - in the work permit.

Targeted fire safety briefing ends with a test of the employee’s acquired knowledge and skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, knowledge of evacuation rules, assistance to victims, and the person conducting the instruction.

Fire warning system for workers

Fire warning systems must ensure, in accordance with evacuation plans, the transmission of warning signals simultaneously throughout the entire building or selectively to its individual parts (floors, sections, etc.).

In medical and preschool institutions, as well as dormitory buildings of boarding schools, only service personnel are notified.

The procedure for using warning systems must be defined in the instructions for their operation, in evacuation plans, indicating the persons who have the right to activate the systems.

In buildings where technical means of notifying people about a fire are not required, the facility manager must determine the procedure for notifying people about a fire and appoint persons responsible for this.

Fire notification is provided by sound, light and loudspeaker alarms.

Annunciators (sound, light or combined) are located at emergency exits, in corridors and in workplaces.

Annunciators (loudspeakers) must have no volume control and be connected to the network without plug-in devices.

If reliability is ensured, internal radio broadcast networks and other broadcast networks available at the facility may be used to transmit warning texts and control evacuation.

In most public buildings and many industrial enterprises, emergency fire warning systems are being implemented. Such systems are provided in hotels, hostels, sports facilities, shopping centers and department stores, cultural, entertainment and medical institutions, schools, as well as in administrative institutions located in high-rise buildings.

To notify people about a fire, both internal radio broadcast networks and special warning installations are used.

Dormitories, schools and other institutions may also use sound signals and bells.

The main elements of notification installations are a tape recorder with notification texts pre-recorded on magnetic tape, an amplifier, an output switching device, a distribution wire network and sound speakers or speakers.

The installations are located in such a way that they can simultaneously notify people located both in the building or structure and in the dangerous and adjacent zones horizontally and vertically.

To increase the reliability of warning people about a fire, the main warning installation is duplicated with sound or light signals.

The administration of the facility determines the circle of people who can decide to turn on the fire alarm system. Before turning on the installation, the responsible person must ensure that there is a fire and danger to people.

The text of the alert is transmitted until the danger to human life and health is eliminated.

To record alert texts on tape, speakers with a well-produced voice, a soothing sound and clear diction are selected. The duration of the text should not exceed 2 minutes.

In buildings intended to accommodate foreign guests, the fire warning text is transmitted in Russian, English, French and German.

In the absence of fire warning installations, the administration of the facility works with the maintenance personnel on their actions when notifying about a fire and evacuating people.

In buildings and structures with round-the-clock occupancy of people classified as low-mobility (disabled people with musculoskeletal disorders, people with visual impairments and hearing impairments, as well as elderly and temporarily disabled people), timely receipt of accessible and high-quality information about fire, including redundant light, sound and visual alarms connected to the fire warning system.

Light, sound and visual information alarms must be provided in premises visited by this category of persons, as well as at each evacuation, emergency exit and on evacuation routes.

Light signals in the form of luminous signs must be turned on simultaneously with sound signals. Visual information should be placed on a contrasting background with the size of the signs corresponding to the viewing distance.

The service personnel of such organizations must undergo special training in carrying out the evacuation of persons classified as having limited mobility, according to programs agreed with the State Border Service.

Particular attention should be paid to warning about the occurrence of fires at facilities containing hazardous chemical substances, since as a result of a fire, containers with hazardous substances can be destroyed, and this leads to significant contamination of the territory; several thousand people may end up in the zone of chemical contamination.

Plan (scheme) for evacuation of workers in case of fire.

In buildings and structures (except residential buildings) where more than 10 people are on the floor at a time, plans (schemes) for evacuation of people in case of fire must be developed and posted in visible places, and a fire warning system (installation) must also be provided.

At facilities with a large population of people (50 people or more), in addition to a schematic plan for evacuation of people in case of fire, instructions must be developed that define the actions of personnel to ensure the safe and rapid evacuation of people, according to which practical exercises must be carried out at least once every six months. training of all workers involved in the evacuation.

The fire evacuation plan contains:

diagram of an enterprise, institution, organization, which indicates the location of telephones, fire extinguishers, buttons for turning on fire alarm systems, fire hydrants, keys to premises, an electrical panel, a fire escape, as well as main and emergency escape routes;

instructions for actions in case of fire:

§ report the fire by phone 01 to the fire department, indicating the address where the fire occurred, the location of the fire and your last name;

§ remove people from the premises through emergency exits;

§ turn off the power supply, turn off the ventilation system;

§ take measures to extinguish the fire;

§ meet the fire brigade, indicate to them the location of the fire and inform them about the presence of people in the burning premises.

For facilities with people staying at night (kindergartens, boarding schools, hospitals, etc.), the instructions should provide for two options for action: during the day and at night. The managers of these facilities daily, at the time established by the state fire service, report to the fire department in the exit area of ​​which the facility is located, information about the number of people present at each facility.

Question 2. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELD OF FIRE SAFETY. FEATURES OF FIRE SAFETY OF CHILDREN'S PRESCHOOL AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, CULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL AND ENTERTAINMENT INSTITUTIONS, AS WELL AS WHEN ORGANIZING AND CONDUCTING EVENTS WITH MASSIVE ATTENDANCE OF PEOPLE.

The heads of the organization have the right:

create, reorganize and liquidate in the prescribed manner fire departments, which they maintain at their own expense;

introduce into organs state power and local government proposals to ensure fire safety;

carry out work to establish the causes and circumstances of fires that occurred at enterprises;

establish measures of social and economic incentives to ensure fire safety;

receive information on fire safety issues, including, in the prescribed manner, from governing bodies and fire departments.

The heads of the organization are obliged to:

comply with fire safety requirements, as well as comply with orders, regulations and other legal requirements of fire officials;

develop and implement measures to ensure fire safety;

conduct fire prevention propaganda, as well as train their employees in fire safety measures;

include fire safety issues in the collective agreement (agreement);

provide assistance to fire protection in extinguishing fires, establishing the causes and conditions of their occurrence and development, as well as in identifying persons guilty of violating fire safety requirements and causing fires;

provide, in the prescribed manner, the necessary forces and means when extinguishing fires on the territories of enterprises;

provide access to fire department officials when performing their official duties to the territory, buildings, structures and other facilities of enterprises;

provide, at the request of state fire supervision officials, information and documents on the state of fire safety at enterprises, including the fire hazard of the products they produce, as well as fires that occurred on their territories and their consequences;

immediately report to the fire department about fires, malfunctions of existing systems and fire protection equipment, changes in the condition of roads and passages;

at enterprises where hazardous (explosive), chemically hazardous substances are used, processed and stored, inform fire departments in advance of the data about them necessary to ensure the safety of personnel involved in extinguishing the fire and carrying out priority rescue operations at these enterprises ;

exercise control over the maintenance of direct telephone communications between potentially fire-hazardous enterprises and the nearest fire departments;

create by order an emergency fire brigade at the facility and a procedure for using primary fire extinguishing means;

determine the composition of the group and the order of evacuation of the most valuable property;

promote the activities of volunteer firefighters.

Heads of organizations directly manage the fire safety system within their competence at subordinate facilities and bear personal responsibility for compliance with fire safety requirements.

Heads and officials of organizations, persons duly appointed responsible for ensuring fire safety, upon arrival at the scene of the fire must:

report the occurrence of a fire to the fire department, notify the management and duty services of the facility;

in the event of a threat to people’s lives, immediately organize their rescue, using available forces and means;

check the activation of automatic fire protection systems (notifying people about a fire, fire extinguishing, smoke protection);

if necessary, turn off the electricity (except for fire protection systems), stop the operation of transporting devices, units, apparatus, shut off raw materials, gas, steam and water communications, stop the operation of ventilation systems in the emergency room and adjacent rooms, take other measures to help prevent the development of fire and smoke in building premises;

stop all work in the building (if this is permissible according to the production process), except for work related to fire extinguishing measures;

remove all workers not involved in fire extinguishing outside the danger zone;

provide general guidance on fire extinguishing (taking into account the specific features of the facility) before the arrival of the fire department;

ensure compliance with safety requirements by workers taking part in fire extinguishing;

simultaneously with fire extinguishing, organize evacuation and protection material assets;

organize a meeting of fire departments and provide assistance in choosing the shortest route to the fire;

inform fire departments involved in extinguishing fires and carrying out related priority rescue operations, information about hazardous (explosive), explosive, and emergency chemical substances processed or stored at the facility, necessary to ensure the safety of personnel.

Upon arrival of the fire department, the head of the organization (or the person replacing him) informs the fire extinguishing director about the design and technological features of the facility, adjacent buildings and structures, the quantity and fire hazardous properties of stored and used substances, materials, products and other information necessary for the successful extinguishing of the fire , and also organizes the involvement of forces and resources of the facility in the implementation of necessary measures related to extinguishing the fire and preventing its development.

Citizens have the right to:

protection of their life, health and property in case of fire;

compensation for damage caused by fire in the manner prescribed by current legislation;

participation in establishing the causes of the fire that caused damage to their health and property;

obtaining information on fire safety issues, including, in accordance with the established procedure, from governing bodies and fire departments;

participation in ensuring fire safety, including, in accordance with the established procedure, in the activities of the voluntary fire department.

Citizens are obliged:

comply with fire safety requirements;

have in the premises and buildings in their ownership (use) primary fire extinguishing means and fire-fighting equipment in accordance with fire safety rules and lists approved by the relevant local government bodies;

If fires are detected, immediately notify the fire brigade;

before the arrival of the fire department, take all feasible measures to save people, property and extinguish fires;

assist the fire department in extinguishing fires;

comply with orders, regulations and other legal requirements of state fire inspection officials;

provide in the manner prescribed by law Russian Federation, the opportunity for state fire supervision officials to conduct inspections and inspections of production, utility, residential and other premises and buildings belonging to them in order to monitor compliance with fire safety requirements and suppress their violations.

Features of fire safety of children's preschool and educational institutions, cultural, educational and entertainment institutions

Children's preschool institutions

Buildings for summer children's recreation should have at least two emergency exits directly outside, and wooden buildings should be one-story.

Frame and panel buildings must be plastered and have a non-combustible roof; the insulation in them must be inorganic.

Buildings must be provided with telephone communication and an alarm signal in case of fire.

In these buildings, 24-hour service personnel must be on duty without the right to sleep at night.

A telephone must be installed in the duty room.

Prohibited:

cover buildings with flammable materials; place children in attic rooms of wooden buildings, as well as in floors, buildings and premises not provided with two emergency exits;

install kitchens and laundries in wooden buildings;

place more than 50 children in wooden and other buildings made of flammable materials;

heat stoves, use kerosene and electric heating devices in rooms occupied by children in the summer.

Educational institutions

In laboratories and other premises of educational institutions, storage of flammable and combustible liquids (flammable liquids and flammable liquids) in quantities not exceeding shift requirements is allowed. At the end of the working day, spent flammable liquids and gases should be collected in a special closed container and removed from the laboratory for further disposal. This liquid must not be discharged into the sewer. Vessels in which work was carried out with flammable liquids and gases must be washed with a flammable solution after completion of work.

School buildings before start school year must be adopted by the relevant commissions, which include representatives of state fire supervision.

Classrooms and offices contain only the furniture, instruments, models, accessories, manuals, etc. necessary to support the educational process, which must be stored in cabinets, on shelves or on permanently installed racks.

The number of desks (tables) in classrooms and offices should not exceed the number established by design standards.

Classes (conversations) should be organized with students to study fire safety rules in everyday life.

At the end of classes in classrooms, laboratories, workshops, all flammable and explosive substances and materials must be removed to specially equipped rooms.

It is prohibited to install metal bars and blinds on the windows of rooms where children are located, as well as to cover these rooms with wallpaper or paint wooden walls and ceilings with oil or nitro paints.

In multi-storey buildings of schools and child care institutions, young children should be placed on the first floors.

In the buildings of schools and children's institutions, accommodation of service personnel can only be allowed in rooms separated from the rest of the building by fireproof walls and ceilings and with separate exits to the outside.

In classrooms, desks, tables, chairs, as well as beds in bedrooms should be installed in such a way as not to block the exits from these rooms.

In school chemical laboratories and storerooms, reagents must be stored in locked cabinets, the keys to which must be kept by the teacher (laboratory assistants), flammable and combustible liquids (gasoline, benzene, ether, acetone, toluene, nitrovarnishes, oil, kerosene, alcohol and etc.) it is allowed to store a total amount of no more than 3 kg in a special metal box installed away from heating devices and outlets.

Storage of flammable liquids and flammable liquids in the main buildings of schools, boarding schools and child care institutions is not permitted. These liquids must be stored in separate buildings that are not associated with children staying in them.

Strict fire safety regulations must be observed in training workshops. It is necessary to remove garbage, waste and oily rags from such premises after each lesson. Carpentry shops should not have more than a one-day supply of materials. Students can study and work in workshops only in the presence and under the guidance of industrial training masters or teachers.

Every day, after completing classes in classes, workshops or laboratories, teachers, laboratory assistants, industrial training masters or persons responsible for fire safety must carefully inspect the closed premises, eliminate any deficiencies found and remove the voltage from the electrical network using a switch or a two-pole switch.

Before the start of the heating season, all stoves and kitchen fires must be thoroughly checked and repaired.

It is necessary to clean chimneys of soot before and during the heating season, so the chimneys of kitchen stoves should be cleaned at least once a month, and heating stoves - once every two months.

It is prohibited to light stoves at night in buildings where students and children stay around the clock, as well as during public events in educational and children's institutions - evenings, performances, film screenings, etc.

In boarding schools and children's institutions with round-the-clock stay of children, the heating of stoves should end two hours before children go to bed.

Lighting for children's and school institutions As a rule, it must be electric; as an emergency, only electric lights or “Bat” type lights are allowed to be used.

It is prohibited to use irons, electric stoves and other electrical appliances in bedrooms and other rooms occupied by children, with the exception of specially designated ones (ironing, sterilization rooms).

Film screenings in schools, orphanages and other institutions should be held on the ground floor. The use of premises on other floors for these purposes may be permitted only if there are fireproof ceilings under the auditorium and at least two independent exits to the staircases.

Persons who have the rights of a projectionist or narrow-film film demonstrator and a fire safety certificate are allowed to demonstrate films.

Cultural, educational and entertainment institutions

Before the opening of the season, all cultural, educational and entertainment institutions must be checked for compliance with fire safety requirements and accepted by interdepartmental commissions of local governments.

In auditoriums and on the stands of cultural and educational institutions, all seats and chairs must be connected in rows to each other and firmly attached to the floor. It is allowed not to secure seats (chairs) in boxes with no more than 12 people, if there is an independent exit from the box.

In auditoriums used for dance evenings with no more than 200 seats, chairs may not be secured to the floor, but they must be connected in rows together.

Wooden stage frame structures, flammable decorations, stage and exhibition design, as well as draperies in auditoriums and exhibition halls, foyers, and buffets must be treated with a fire retardant compound. The head of the institution must have a corresponding certificate from the organization that performed this work, indicating the date of impregnation and its validity period.

Within the stage box of theatrical and entertainment institutions, scenery and stage equipment for no more than two performances can be simultaneously located.

When designing productions, a free circular passage of at least 1 meter in width must be provided around the stage board.

Smoking, the use of open flames (torches, candles, candelabra, etc.), arc spotlights, fireworks and other types of fire effects are not allowed on stage.

A red line must be drawn on the stage board indicating the limit of the fire curtain descent. Decorations and other stage decorations should not protrude beyond this line.

At the end of the performance (rehearsal), the fire curtain must be lowered. It should fit tightly to the stage board using a sand seal.

During the winter, smoke hatch valves must be insulated and checked for trouble-free operation at least once every 10 days.

The storage and use of pyrotechnic products must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of special rules.

Organization and holding of events with mass attendance of people

Organizers of events with mass participation of people (evenings, discos, celebrations around the New Year tree, performances, etc.) must carefully inspect the premises before the start of these events and make sure that they are fully prepared in terms of fire safety.

Mass events around the New Year tree pose a particular fire safety hazard.

When organizing and conducting New Year's holidays and other events with large numbers of people:

it is allowed to use only premises that are provided with at least two emergency exits that meet the requirements of design standards, do not have bars on the windows and are located no higher than the second floor in buildings with combustible floors;

the tree must be installed on a stable base and in such a way that the branches do not touch the walls and ceiling;

if there is no electric lighting in the room, events at the Christmas tree should be held only during daylight hours;

Illumination must be carried out in compliance with the rules.

When using an electric lighting network without a step-down transformer, garlands can only be used on the Christmas tree with sequential switching of light bulbs, voltage up to 12 V, power no more than 25 W; If a malfunction is detected in the illumination (heating of wires, blinking lights, sparking, etc.), it must be immediately de-energized.

Prohibited:

holding events with locked swing bars on the windows of the premises in which they are held;

use arc spotlights, candles and firecrackers, arrange fireworks and other fire-hazardous light effects that can lead to a fire;

decorate the Christmas tree with celluloid toys, as well as gauze and cotton wool not impregnated with a fire retardant;

dress children in costumes made of flammable materials;

carry out fire, painting and other fire and explosion hazardous work;

use shutters on windows to darken rooms;

reduce the width of the aisles between the rows and install additional chairs, chairs, etc. in the aisles;

completely turn off the lights in the room during performances or performances;

allow premises to be filled with people beyond normal limits.

During events, duty must be organized on stage and in the halls of responsible persons, members of voluntary fire brigades or fire protection workers of the facility.

Did you know that more than half of the fires that happened could have been completely prevented or stopped at an early stage? However, the lack of necessary knowledge and skills among organizational personnel did not allow this to be done. Therefore, the company “Magazin 01” offers such a service as training in fire safety standards and fire safety measures.

We are confident that investing in prevention is much more profitable than spending it on eliminating the consequences of a fire. In addition, a fire safety training course is mandatory for every organization.

According to requirements Federal Law“On fire safety”, Fire Regulations in the Russian Federation, as well as the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated December 12, 2008. No. 645 our Training Center trains officials and employees of organizations, students of educational institutions and the population in fire safety measures.

He also conducts classes on fire-technical minimum programs. Classes are conducted by qualified specialists with significant knowledge and experience in fighting fire, as well as teaching practice. Based on the results of the training, students are issued appropriate certificates of the established form, as well as teaching materials.

Who needs fire safety training?

According to existing requirements in the Russian Federation, absolutely all employees of companies, organizations and enterprises, regardless of their form of ownership and their affiliation with a particular department, must undergo fire safety training.

How to get a fire safety certificate?

Existing system training is two-stage:

1st stage. Fire-technical minimum (FTM) course for responsible persons and heads of organizations. Involves separation from production. Regularity – at least once every 3 years;

2nd stage. Fire safety briefings for personnel: introductory fire safety briefing (conducted once upon hiring) and fire safety briefing at the workplace. Regularity – at least once a year.

In addition, the legislator requires that all employees of organizations be able to use primary fire extinguishing equipment in practice.

And in organizations with large numbers of people (50 or more people), managers are required to conduct training exercises on evacuating people in case of fire at least twice a year.

Our Training Center will help you organize practical training on extinguishing training fires and conducting exercises with company personnel.

Where does fire safety training take place for personnel?

A training course in fire safety measures under PTM programs is organized at our Training Center in Sokolniki. However, you can order on-site classes, which are held directly on the client’s premises. In this case, the group must include at least 10 people. Upon completion of classes, each student receives an appropriate certificate of the established form, as well as a set of final contractual documents.

Greetings, dear reader! I am glad to welcome you to the pages of my blog dedicated to security. IN Lately my blog has gained so much popularity that I don’t have time to write articles because I’m trying to answer all the questions coming through the form feedback and comments.

Unfortunately, I am unable to answer all questions on time. To answer any questions, I involve specialists - gas pumping engineers, low-current system designers, emergency response engineers and technicians. Naturally, this is not only a financial burden, but also a time frame. So don't be offended if I missed your question or didn't find an answer to it. It is impossible to know everything.

I want to dedicate today’s article to one very interesting topic– training in fire safety measures for employees of the organization. AND we'll talk not even so much about the conduct of briefings, but about the quality of the training that those responsible for fire safety receive.

You know, sometimes I receive such questions by email from people who have been appointed responsible for the security policy, and it takes several days to find an answer. But in essence, this is not a question for the person responsible for fire safety; this should be dealt with by specially trained people. But why is the person who writes to me doing this? It seems to me that this is either from a lack of knowledge, or, like Griboyedov, grief from the mind.

And if the latter is the choice of the person himself, then the former must be fought. Let's look at what types of training exist according to current legislation.

So, according to Art. 25 69-ФЗ training is carried out according to special approved programs. And clause 3 of the Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation states that training is carried out in accordance with regulatory documents on fire safety. So normative document is (order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated December 12, 2007 No. 645).

Order No. 645 states that if an organization is under the jurisdiction of a federal executive body, then training programs on fire safety measures are approved by the head of this body and agreed upon in the manner established by the federal executive body authorized to solve problems in the field of fire safety (EMERCOM of Russia) in compliance with clause 52 of the Norms approved by Order No. 645.

If the organization does not belong to the federal executive body, then special programs must be coordinated with the territorial supervisory authorities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in accordance with clause 53 of the Norms approved by Order No. 645.

Approximate special programs that require approval are given in Appendix No. 3 of Order No. 645. See what programs we must agree with you.

But the programs of introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled and targeted briefings do not need to be coordinated. They are developed and approved within the organization. And briefings are provided to all employees.

Conducting fire safety training

Fire safety training programs are developed by the organization’s administration. The management of the organization also determines the procedure for conducting briefings.

In order to confirm to the inspectors that the briefings have been carried out, it is necessary to keep a special log. Clause 10 of the norms approved by Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia No. 645 indicates a mandatory requirement for keeping a log of safety briefings - the signature of the instructor and the instructee.

During briefings, the employee must be familiar with:

• Rules for the maintenance of buildings and structures, as well as fire safety systems - automatic fire alarms, internal fire water supply, etc.
• Fire safety requirements taking into account the specifics of production and fire danger when organizing production activities.
• Measures to ensure safety during the operation of buildings and structures, equipment, etc.
• Rules for the use of open fire and carrying out fire hazardous and hot work.
• Actions of workers in case of fire, rules for calling fire and rescue crews, rules for using primary fire extinguishing agents, etc.

And current legislation requires you and me to conduct evacuation training twice a year. This applies to facilities with large numbers of people – more than 50 people at a time.

In principle, everything is clear with instructions and training, let’s move on to the fire-technical minimum.

Fire technical minimum

Finally, we have come to the most interesting part, training in PTM. I’ll now explain why this is the most interesting thing. The fact is that at one time PTM training was a bonanza for some organizations. You don’t need any training licenses, which means you can save on teachers and classes.

Honestly, I don’t know how they teach commercial organizations, I studied at budget courses and this is how the training went: a group gathered and as soon as the teacher entered the class, the most experienced students began to ask to be allowed to go home early.

So classes were held in a shortened mode. And in principle, it all boiled down to the fact that it was necessary to study the regulations, the list of which was on 4-5 pages. Naturally, there can be no talk of any knowledge.

With this approach to training, the fire safety officer is unlikely to know his or her responsibilities.

There are other options. For example, colleagues approached me several times with a request to give them an identification card. That is, they wanted to get certificates and not study. This option is even worse - paying your money not for knowledge, but for some piece of paper. For which a license is also not required.

Now let's talk about who should learn PTM. The categories of those who are required to undergo PTM training are indicated in clause 31 of the Standards approved by Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations No. 645.

At the same time, those who work at fire and explosion hazardous facilities undergo training once a year, and all others once every three years.

At the end of PTM training, knowledge is tested. Those who have completed PTM training must be familiar with the schedule and program for testing knowledge in the field of fire safety.

It’s just that knowledge testing at budget courses was not always carried out. Of course, when you urgently need to go to work, because no one will do anything for you in your absence, this training is always out of place. But there are many options, for example, distance learning.

You can simply sign up for distance learning courses and complete the training exactly when it is convenient for you. And distance learning materials presented in in electronic format, you can always keep it for yourself. Isn't this a compromise? What do you think?

Another thing is that in this case what remains open question with practical exercises, but we also decide, right?

Therefore, friends, value yourself, your knowledge and the business you are doing. Get only quality training. It is high-quality training that I am currently undergoing.

That's all for me, see you again on the pages of my blog. By the way, don’t forget to subscribe to the blog news - I’ll tell you how my training is going. Share this article with your friends on in social networks. Until we meet again, bye-bye.

Greetings, dear friends! Another sensation, colleagues! Before we had time to talk about the draft of a new procedure for training in labor safety, a new procedure for training in fire safety measures fell on us. More precisely, only his project.

On August 28, the DRAFT order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia “On approval of the Procedure for training fire safety measures for persons engaged in labor or official activities in organizations" (project ID 01/02/08-17/00072612) and its public discussion has begun. The deadline for the discussion is October 11, 2017 (45 days for everything about everything).

You can download the text of the project in MS Word format below.

What does the new fire safety training procedure bring us...

The explanatory note to the draft order of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations “On approval of the Procedure for training employees of organizations in fire safety measures” states that the draft order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia “On approval of the Procedure for training employees of organizations in fire safety measures” (hereinafter referred to as the draft order) was developed to replace the current order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated December 12, 2007 No. 645 “On approval of fire safety standards “Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations.”

The need for development is due to the adoption of the Federal Law of December 30, 2015 No. 448-FZ “On Amendments to Certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation on issues of ensuring fire safety, training the population in the region civil defense and protection from emergency situations,” by which the conceptual apparatus of the Federal Law of December 21, 1994 “On Fire Safety” is supplemented with the term “training in fire safety measures.”

This term is defined as an organized process for the formation of knowledge, skills and abilities of citizens in the field of fire safety in the system of general, professional and additional education, in the process of labor and service activities, as well as in Everyday life.

After reading the text of the document, one gets the impression that it is completely “rolled” from the current procedure for training in labor protection (Resolution 1/29) and in the text of the explanatory note a very transparent hint is made: “The development of the draft order is due to the need to create a uniform approach to all subjects of training activities persons carrying out labor or official activities in organizations, fire safety requirements.”

In addition, the developers of the Project note that by Federal Law No. 100-FZ of May 28, 2017 “On Amendments to the Federal Law “On Fire Safety” and the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences”, fire-technical minimum programs were given the status of programs additional vocational education(training in them is carried out only by educational organizations).

These changes are correlated with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” and allow the application of its norms to the activities of training persons engaged in labor or official activities in organizations in fire safety measures.

The new training procedure involves training in fire safety measures:

• on fire safety training programs;
• programs of additional professional education (PTM programs).

As for the briefing, let us explain briefly: the procedure for conducting it is completely “swept” from the current procedure for training in labor protection (Resolution 1/29), with the difference that the requirements are specified in terms of who conducts the briefings, how they are recorded, and where they are stored magazines. Plus The scope of training will now depend on the risk category. Managers of enterprises operating at protection facilities classified as moderate and low risk will have the right to combine introductory and primary fire safety briefings.

Training programs will be required. Targeted fire safety training may be recorded in the work permit.

The project stipulates that fire-technical minimum training is carried out according to additional vocational education programs (fire-technical minimum programs) (hereinafter referred to as fire-technical minimum programs). Thus, only educational organizations (training centers that have a valid license for educational activities) can legally conduct training in PTM.

In general, the Draft Order brings the legal norms governing activities in the field of training under fire-technical minimum programs into line with the rules of organization and implementation educational activities for additional professional programs.

Who will need to undergo PTM training at training centers?

The question arises, Who should be sent to a training organization to undergo PTM? The new fire safety training procedure clearly defines these categories:

a) officials of public authorities who are responsible for ensuring fire safety;

b) officials of local government bodies who are responsible for ensuring fire safety;

c) managers or responsible officials appointed by them of operating organizations and management companies carrying out economic activity related to ensuring fire safety at protection facilities;

d) persons appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization to be responsible for ensuring fire safety at the protection facility, including in separate structural divisions of the organization;

e) chief technical and production specialists ( Chief Engineer, Chief Power Engineer, chief mechanical engineer, chief technologist etc.) or persons performing their duties at protection facilities;

f) workers engaged in installation, maintenance and repair of fire safety equipment for buildings and structures, as well as performing gas-electric welding and other hot work;

g) persons who, by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, are assigned the labor function of conducting fire safety training.

The head of the organization is given the right to send other persons (!!!) carrying out labor or official activities in organizations for training in the fire-technical minimum.

As we expected, the frequency of training for persons carrying out labor or official activities in organizations is tied to the risk category:

• in state authorities and local governments and at protection facilities classified as high, significant and medium risk, training is carried out as needed, but at least once every 3 years;
• at protection facilities classified as moderate and low risk, carried out as necessary and determined by the head of the organization.

The project clearly defines not only who and when to train, but also how. The appendix contains 7 standard additional professional advanced training programs in the field of fire safety, on the basis of which educational organizations are developing additional professional advanced training programs in the field of fire safety (fire-technical minimum programs). In fact, a separate program for each category of students.

Persons carrying out labor or official activities in organizations, qualified as a fire safety engineer (technician), having continuous work experience in the field of fire safety for at least 5 years, do not undergo training in fire-technical programs within a year after entering work (service). minimum.

Training organizations will legally receive the right to conduct training under PTM programs on the territory of the organizations on whose initiative the training is carried out.

Requirement compulsory passage PTM by workers in explosion- and fire-hazardous industries only in specialized centers with a testing site, now a recommendation!

How much fire safety training will be required?

The project stipulates that in some cases, when a specialist is assigned to different categories of trainees, he must undergo training in PTM programs for that category of trainees for which the largest volume of training hours is provided for the relevant curriculum.

The programs provide modular training in the amount of 40 to 72 hours. Specifically:

• chief technical and production specialists (chief engineer, chief power engineer, chief mechanic, chief technologist, etc.) or persons performing their duties at protection facilities (chief technical and production specialists) are trained for 40 hours;
• persons who, by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, are assigned the labor function of conducting fire safety training - 40 hours;
• persons of public authorities responsible for ensuring fire safety - 40 hours;
• workers involved in the installation, maintenance and repair of fire safety equipment for buildings and structures, as well as those performing gas-electric welding and other hot work (engineering and technical workers) are trained for 56 hours;
• persons of local government bodies responsible for ensuring fire safety - 72 hours;
• managers or responsible officials appointed by them of operating organizations and management companies carrying out economic activities related to ensuring fire safety at protection facilities - 72 hours;
• persons appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization to be responsible for ensuring fire safety at the protection facility, including in separate structural divisions of the organization - 72 hours.

Training in PTM will be completed with a final certification in the form determined by the educational organization. For what educational organization will be required to create a qualification commission, which will include managers and (or) staff teaching staff and officials of federal state fire supervision authorities

by agreement.

• Persons who have successfully completed the fire-technical minimum program and passed the final certification are issued training documents in accordance with Article 60 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”:
• persons who successfully pass the final certification are issued a certificate of advanced training; persons who have not passed the final certification, received unsatisfactory results, or have mastered part of the additional professional program

and (or) expelled from the organization, a certificate of training or the period of training is issued according to a model independently established by the organization carrying out educational activities.

What do you think about the project? Please unsubscribe in the comments.

DOWNLOAD PROJECT

Draft order “On approval of the Procedure for training fire safety measures for persons carrying out labor or official activities in organizations”

The text of the project on the portal is posted here regulation.gov.ru/projects#npa=72612

That's all. An overview of the project for a new fire safety training procedure was prepared by my development assistant
MINISTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR AFFAIRS
CIVIL DEFENSE, EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

AND ELIMINATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF NATURAL DISASTERS

On approval of fire safety standards "Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations"

____________________________________________________________________
Document with changes made:
(Russian newspaper, N 48, 03/20/2009);
by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 22, 2010 N 289 (Bulletin of regulatory acts of federal executive authorities, N 32, 08/09/2010).

____________________________________________________________________

In accordance with the Federal Law of December 21, 1994 N 69-FZ “On Fire Safety” (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1994, N 35, Art. 3649; 1995, N 35, Art. 3503; 1996, N 17, Art. 1911; 1998, No. 430; 2001, No. 3413; 2002, No. 30; 2003, No. 2; Art. 167; 2004, No. 1839; No. 27, Art. 3607; 2005, No. 1212; 2006, No. 6, Art. 636; N 44, art. 4537; N 45, art. 5279; N 52, 2007, N 43, art. 5084), by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 11, 2004 868 “Issues of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2004, No. 28, Art. 2882)

I order:

Approve the attached Fire Safety Standards "Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations."

Minister
S.K. Shoigu

Registered
at the Ministry of Justice
Russian Federation
January 21, 2008,
registration N 10938

Application. Fire safety standards "Training fire safety measures for employees of organizations"

I. General provisions

1. Fire safety standards “Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations” (hereinafter referred to as the Fire Safety Standards) establish fire safety requirements for the organization of training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations.

________________

In these Fire Safety Standards, “organization” means state authorities, local governments, institutions, organizations, peasant (farm) households, and other legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership.

2. Responsibility for organizing and timely training in the field of fire safety and testing the knowledge of fire safety rules for employees of organizations lies with the administrations (owners) of these organizations, officials of organizations, and entrepreneurs without education legal entity, as well as employees who have entered into an employment contract with the employer in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. Control over the organization of training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations is carried out by state fire supervision bodies.

4. The main types of training for employees of organizations in fire safety measures are fire safety briefing and learning the minimum fire-technical knowledge (hereinafter referred to as the fire-technical minimum).

II. Fire safety training

5. Fire safety briefing is carried out with the aim of communicating to employees of organizations the basic fire safety requirements, studying the fire hazard of technological processes of production and equipment, fire protection equipment, as well as their actions in the event of a fire.

6. Fire safety training is carried out by the administration (owner) of the organization according to special training programs on fire safety measures for employees of organizations (hereinafter referred to as special programs) and in the manner determined by the administration (owner) of the organization (hereinafter referred to as the head of the organization).

7. When conducting fire safety training, the specifics of the organization’s activities should be taken into account.

8. Conducting fire safety training includes familiarizing employees of organizations with:

rules for maintaining the territory, buildings (structures) and premises, including evacuation routes, external and internal water supply systems, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process;

fire safety requirements, based on the specific fire hazard of technological processes, production facilities and facilities;

measures to ensure fire safety during the operation of buildings (structures), equipment, and the performance of fire hazardous work;

rules for the use of open fire and hot work;

responsibilities and actions of workers in case of fire, rules for calling the fire department, rules for the use of fire extinguishing means and fire automatic installations.

9. Based on the nature and timing of the fire safety briefing, it is divided into: introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted.

10. An entry is made in the fire safety briefing logbook about the conduct of introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled, targeted fire safety briefings with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and the person instructing (Appendix 1).

11. Introductory fire safety training is carried out:

with all employees newly hired, regardless of their education, length of service in the profession (position);

with seasonal workers;



with students arriving for on-the-job training or internship;

with other categories of employees (citizens) by decision of the manager.

12. Introductory fire safety briefing in an organization is carried out by the head of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.

13. Introductory briefing is carried out in a specially equipped room using visual aids and educational materials.

14. Introductory briefing is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, regulations and instructions on fire safety. The induction training program is approved by order (instruction) of the head of the organization. The duration of the instruction is set in accordance with the approved program.

An approximate list of questions for introductory fire safety training is given in Appendix 2.

15. Introductory fire safety briefing ends with practical training of actions in the event of a fire and testing of knowledge of fire extinguishing equipment and fire protection systems.

16. Primary fire safety training is carried out directly at the workplace:

with all newly hired employees;

with those transferred from one division of this organization to another;

with employees performing new work for them;

with employees seconded to the organization;

with seasonal workers;

with construction specialists performing construction, installation and other work on the territory of the organization;

with students arriving for on-the-job training or internship.

17. Conducting initial fire safety training for the specified categories of workers is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in each structural unit, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.

18. Primary fire safety training is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, regulations and instructions on fire safety. The induction training program* is approved by the head of the organization’s structural unit or the person responsible for fire safety of the structural unit.
________________
*Probably an error in the original. Should read: “initial briefing”. - Database manufacturer's note.

An approximate list of questions for conducting initial fire safety briefing is given in Appendix 2.

19. Primary fire safety training is carried out with each employee individually, with practical demonstration and training of skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, and assistance to victims.

20. All employees of an organization that has fire-hazardous production, as well as those working in buildings (structures) with large numbers of people (over 50 people) must practically demonstrate the ability to act in case of fire and use primary fire extinguishing means.

21. Primary fire safety briefing is possible with a group of people servicing the same type of equipment and within a common workplace.

22. Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization with all employees, regardless of qualifications, education, experience, nature of the work performed, at least once a year, and with employees of organizations with a fire hazard production, at least once every six months.

23. Repeated fire safety training is carried out in accordance with the training schedule approved by the head of the organization.

24. Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out individually or with a group of workers servicing the same type of equipment within a common workplace according to the program of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace.

25. During the repeated fire safety briefing, knowledge of fire safety standards, rules, norms and instructions, the ability to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, knowledge of evacuation routes, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process are tested.

26. Unscheduled fire safety training is carried out:

when introducing new or changing previously developed rules, regulations, fire safety instructions, and other documents containing fire safety requirements;

when changing the production process, replacing or upgrading equipment, tools, raw materials, materials, as well as changing other factors affecting the fire safety condition of the facility;

in case of violation by employees of the organization of fire safety requirements, which could lead or did lead to a fire;

for additional study of fire safety measures at the request of state fire supervision authorities when they identify insufficient knowledge among employees of the organization;

during breaks in work for more than 30 calendar days, and for other work - 60 calendar days (for work that is subject to additional fire safety requirements);

upon receipt of information materials about accidents and fires that occurred in similar industries;

when establishing facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of fire safety requirements by employees of organizations.

27. Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out by an employee responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) who has the necessary training, individually or with a group of workers of the same profession. The volume and content of unscheduled fire safety briefings are determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated the need for it.

28. Targeted fire safety training is carried out:

when performing one-time work associated with an increased fire danger (welding and other hot work);

when eliminating the consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes;

when performing work for which a permit is issued, when performing hot work in explosive industries;

when conducting excursions to organizations;

when organizing public events with students;

when preparing for the organization of events with a large number of people (collegium meetings, meetings, conferences, meetings, etc.) with the number of participants more than 50 people.

29. Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) and in cases established by fire safety rules - in the work permit.

30. Targeted fire safety briefing ends with a test of the employee’s acquired knowledge and skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, knowledge of evacuation rules, assistance to victims, by the person conducting the instruction.

III. Fire technical minimum

31. Managers, specialists and employees of organizations responsible for fire safety are trained in the fire-technical minimum in the amount of knowledge of the requirements of regulatory legal acts regulating fire safety, in terms of the fire regime, the fire hazard of the technological process and production of the organization, as well as techniques and actions when the occurrence of a fire in an organization, allowing one to develop practical skills in preventing fire, saving life, health and property in case of fire.

32. Fire-technical minimum training for managers, specialists and employees of organizations not related to fire and explosion hazardous production is carried out within a month after hiring and at subsequent intervals at least once every three years after the last training, and for managers, specialists and employees of organizations related to fire and explosion hazardous production - once a year.

33. Employees of organizations who have the qualification of a fire safety engineer (technician), as well as employees of the federal executive body authorized to solve problems in the field of fire safety and its structural divisions, teachers of educational institutions teaching the discipline "fire safety", having continuous experience Work in the field of fire safety for at least five years; within a year after entering the job (service), they may not undergo training in the fire safety technical minimum.

34. Responsibilities for organizing fire safety training in the organization rest with its head.

35. Firefighting technical minimum training is organized both off- and on-the-job.

36. Training in fire-technical minimum according to special programs developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure takes place off-the-job:

managers and chief specialists of the organization or persons performing their duties;

employees responsible for fire safety of organizations and conducting fire safety training;

heads of primary organizations of voluntary fire protection;

heads of country health institutions for children and adolescents;

workers performing gas-electric welding and other hot work;

drivers of fire trucks and mechanics of motor pumps of children's health institutions;

other categories of employees (citizens) by decision of the manager.

37. Off-the-job training is carried out in fire-technical educational institutions, training centers of the federal fire service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, educational and methodological centers for civil defense and emergency situations constituent entities of the Russian Federation, territorial divisions of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, in organizations that provide, in accordance with the established procedure, services for training the population in fire safety measures (clause as amended, put into effect on March 31, 2009 by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated January 27, 2009 N 35.

38. Managers and specialists of organizations with explosion- and fire-hazardous production facilities are recommended to undergo training in specialized training centers where special training grounds are equipped that take into account the specifics of production.

39. According to special fire-technical minimum programs developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure, the following are trained directly in the organization:

heads of departments of the organization, managers and chief specialists of fire and explosion hazardous production departments;

employees responsible for ensuring fire safety in departments;

teaching staff of preschool educational institutions;

employees providing 24-hour security for the organization;

citizens participating in the activities of fire departments to prevent and (or) extinguish fires on a voluntary basis;

workers involved in performing explosion and fire hazardous work.

40. Training in special fire-technical minimum programs directly in the organization is carried out by the head of the organization or by a person appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, responsible for fire safety, who has appropriate training.

IV. Testing knowledge of fire safety rules

41. Testing the knowledge of fire safety requirements of managers, specialists and employees of the organization is carried out upon completion of fire-technical minimum training outside of work and is carried out by a qualification commission appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, consisting of at least three people.

42. The qualification commission includes managers and full-time teaching staff of training organizations and, by agreement, specialists from federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, and state fire inspection bodies.

43. To test the knowledge of fire safety requirements of workers who have been trained in the fire safety technical minimum in an organization on the job, by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, a qualification commission is created consisting of at least three people who have been trained and tested their knowledge of fire safety requirements in the prescribed manner ok.

44. The qualification commission for testing knowledge of fire safety requirements consists of a chairman, deputy (deputies) chairman and members of the commission, secretary.

45. Employees undergoing a knowledge test must be familiarized in advance with the program and schedule of the knowledge test.

46. ​​An extraordinary test of knowledge of fire safety requirements for employees of an organization, regardless of the date of the previous test, is carried out:

when approving new or amending regulatory legal acts containing fire safety requirements (in this case, knowledge of only these regulatory legal acts is tested);

when commissioning new equipment and changes in technological processes that require additional knowledge of fire safety rules for workers (in this case, knowledge of fire safety requirements associated with the corresponding changes is checked);

when assigning or transferring employees to another job, if new duties require additional knowledge on fire safety (before they begin to perform their job duties);

at the request of officials of the state fire supervision body, other departmental control bodies, as well as the head (or his authorized person) of the organization when establishing violations of fire safety requirements and insufficient knowledge of fire safety requirements;

after fires have occurred, as well as when identifying violations by employees of the organization of the requirements of regulatory legal acts on fire safety;

if there is a break in work in this position for more than one year;

when carrying out supervision activities by state fire supervision authorities.

47. Scope and order of procedure extraordinary inspection knowledge of fire safety requirements is determined by the party initiating its implementation.

48. A list of check questions for testing the knowledge of employees of organizations under the jurisdiction of federal executive authorities is developed by the relevant federal executive authorities, taking into account the specifics of production activities and includes mandatory practical part(actions in case of fire, use of primary fire extinguishing agents).

49. For other organizations the list test questions developed by managers (owners) of organizations or employees responsible for fire safety.

50. Control over the timely testing of knowledge of fire safety requirements for employees is carried out by the head of the organization.

V. Special programs

51. Special programs are developed and approved by the administrations (owners) of organizations.

52. The approval of special programs for organizations under the jurisdiction of federal executive authorities is carried out by the heads of these bodies and is coordinated in the prescribed manner with the federal executive authority authorized to solve problems in the field of fire safety.

53. Coordination of special programs of other organizations is carried out by structural units of the relevant territorial bodies of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, whose jurisdiction includes issues of organization and implementation of state fire supervision, or by structural units of the relevant special or military units of the federal fire service, whose area of ​​competence includes issues of organization and implementation state fire supervision, created for the purpose of organizing the prevention and extinguishing of fires in closed administrative-territorial entities, especially important and sensitive organizations (clause as amended by the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 22, 2010 N 289.

54. Special programs are drawn up for each category of trainees, taking into account the specifics of professional activity, the characteristics of the performance of duties at the position and the provisions of industry documents. Approximate special fire safety training programs for certain categories of trainees are given in Appendix 3.

55. When preparing special programs, special attention is paid to the practical component of training: the ability to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, and assistance to victims.

Appendix 1. Fire safety briefing log

Annex 1
to paragraph 10 of the Standards
fire safety

Appendix 2. Approximate list of questions for conducting introductory and primary fire safety briefings

Appendix 2
to paragraph 14 of the Standards
fire safety

Introductory fire safety briefing

1. General information about the specifics and features of the organization (production) in terms of fire and explosion hazards.

2. Duties and responsibilities of employees for compliance with fire safety requirements.

3. Familiarization with the fire safety regime in the organization.

4. Familiarization with orders for compliance with fire safety regulations; with site and workshop fire safety instructions; the main causes of fires that can be or have been in the workshop, site, workplace, or residential premises.

5. General measures for fire prevention and fire extinguishing:

a) for heads of structural divisions, workshops, sections (timing of inspection and testing of hydrants, charging fire extinguishers, automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems, familiarization with the initial training program for personnel of a given workshop, section, ensuring personal and collective safety, etc.);

b) for workers (actions in the event of a fire or fire, reporting a fire to the fire department, to the immediate supervisor, methods and means of extinguishing a fire or fire, means and measures of personal and collective safety).

Primary fire safety training in the workplace

Familiarization according to the evacuation plan with the locations of primary fire extinguishing equipment, hydrants, water and sand reserves, evacuation routes and exits (with a walk around the relevant premises and territories).

Conditions for the occurrence of combustion and fire (in the workplace, in the organization).

Fire hazardous properties of the raw materials used, materials and manufactured products.

Fire hazard of the technological process.

Responsibility for compliance with fire safety requirements.

Types of fire extinguishers and their use depending on the class of fire (type of flammable substance, characteristics of the equipment).

Requirements for extinguishing electrical installations and production equipment.

The behavior and actions of the person being instructed during a fire and in fire conditions, as well as in case of heavy smoke on escape routes.

Ways to report a fire.

Personal safety measures in case of fire.

Methods of providing first aid to victims.

Appendix 3. Approximate special fire safety training programs for certain categories of trainees

Appendix 3
to paragraph 54 of the Standards
fire safety

Thematic plan and standard training program for managers and persons responsible for fire safety of fire-hazardous industries

Topic 1.

Introduction

Statistics, causes and consequences of fires. Main causes of fires. Tasks of fire prevention.

Legislative framework in the field of fire safety. Basic provisions

Federal Law of December 21, 1994 N 69-FZ "On Fire Safety". Fire safety rules in the Russian Federation (PPB 01-03), approved by order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 18, 2003 N 313 (registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on June 27, 2003, registration N 4838, hereinafter referred to as Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation PPB 01-03) . Fire safety system. Rights, duties, responsibilities of officials for ensuring fire safety.

Types of fire protection. Federal Fire Service. State fire supervision, structure. Rights and obligations, types of administrative and legal sanctions for violation and failure to comply with fire safety rules and regulations.

Topic 2.

General concepts about combustion and fire-explosive properties of substances and materials, fire hazard of buildings

General information about combustion. Indicators characterizing the fire and explosion hazardous properties of substances and materials. Categorization and classification of premises, buildings, structures and technological processes according to fire and explosion hazard. Classification building materials by flammability groups. The concept of fire resistance limit (hereinafter referred to as FP) and fire spread limit (hereinafter referred to as PRO). Physical and required software and missile defense. The concept of the degree of fire resistance of buildings and structures. Methods of fire protection of structures.

Topic 3.

Fire danger of the organization

Basic regulatory documents regulating the fire hazard of production.

Fire hazard of heating and ventilation systems. Fire safety measures when installing heating and ventilation systems. Fire hazard of heating and ventilation systems. Fire safety measures when installing heating and ventilation systems.

Causes of fires from electric current and measures to prevent them. Classification of explosive and fire hazardous areas according to the Rules for the Construction of Electrical Installations (hereinafter - PUE).

Fire hazard of direct lightning strike and its secondary manifestations. Categories of lightning protection of buildings and structures. Basic provisions on the design of lightning protection. Static electricity and its fire hazard. Prevention measures.

Fire hazard of technological processes at facilities operated by trainees.

Topic 4.

Fire safety measures when carrying out fire hazardous work and when storing substances and materials

Types of hot work and their fire hazard. Permanent and temporary hot work stations. The procedure for admitting persons to hot work and monitoring its implementation. Features of fire hazard when carrying out electric and gas welding work, as well as other hot work in fire and explosion hazardous areas.

Fire hazardous properties of flammable liquids (hereinafter - flammable liquids), flammable liquids (hereinafter - GL), flammable gases (hereinafter - GG). Fire safety measures during the storage of flammable liquids, flammable liquids and flammable liquids in general facility warehouses, open areas, and in workshop dispensing storerooms. Fire safety measures when using flammable liquids, flammable liquids in workplaces, during painting and other fire-hazardous work. Fire safety measures when transporting flammable liquids, flammable liquids and flammable liquids.

Topic 5.

Fire safety requirements for escape routes

Evacuation routes. Determination of escape routes and emergency exits. Fire safety requirements for escape routes. Measures to prevent smoke from evacuation routes. Evacuation plan in case of fire at facilities operated by trainees. Emergency warning systems for evacuation of people during fires. Organization of exercises in organizations for the evacuation of people under different scenarios.

Topic 6.

General information about fire protection systems

Primary fire extinguishing agents. Design, performance characteristics, operating rules of fire extinguishers.

External and internal water supply, purpose, device. Fire hydrants. Placement and control of internal fire hydrants. Rules for their use in case of fire.

Purpose, scope of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems. Classification, basic parameters of fire alarm stations, fire detectors. Rules for installation and operation. Maintenance and performance monitoring. Operating principle, design of fire extinguishing systems: water, foam, gas and powder fire extinguishing. Maintenance and monitoring the performance of systems.

Purpose, types, main elements of smoke protection installations. Basic requirements of codes and regulations for smoke protection systems. Operation and testing of smoke protection systems.

Organizational basis for ensuring fire safety in an organization

Fire technical commissions. Voluntary fire brigade. Training of workers, employees and engineering and technical personnel (hereinafter referred to as engineers) in fire safety measures. Fire safety briefing and fire-technical minimum. Instructions on fire safety measures. The procedure for developing fire safety measures. Practical training with employees of organizations. Fire prevention propaganda. Fire safety corners.

The concept of the term "fire safety regime". Fire safety regime on the territory of the facility, in basements and attics, maintenance of premises.

Topic 8.

Actions of engineers, workers and employees during fires

General nature and features of fire development. Procedure for reporting a fire. Organization of fire extinguishing before the arrival of fire departments, evacuation of people, flammable and valuable substances and materials. Meeting of fire departments. Taking measures to prevent the spread of fire. Actions after the arrival of fire departments.

Topic 9.

Practical lesson

Practical familiarization and work with a fire extinguisher on a model fire. Fire hydrant training. Practical acquaintance with fire protection systems of one of the organizations. People evacuation training.

Test

Testing knowledge of fire-technical minimum.

Fire-technical minimum for managers of departments of fire-hazardous industries

Thematic plan and standard training program for managers of fire-hazardous production departments

Topic 1.

Introduction

Main causes of fires. Tasks of fire prevention.
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