The fears and fetish of a genius are the symbolism of Dali. A. Petryakov. Salvador Dali. Divine and multifaceted

“What is surrealism? Surrealism is me!” - this phrase has become iconic, and today everyone knows the extraordinary Salvador Dali, who painted extraordinary paintings. In his world, reality not only bordered on fantasy, but took on the form of mysticism. Not everyone understands the true purpose of his work, but most insist that they admire the genius. Why the branch of fame went to Salvador Dali - let's try to figure it out.

Salvador Dali: grotesque personality

What do we know about Dali? Long black mustache, asymmetrically located on the face; bulging eyes; the immense adoration of his wife Galla, who was ten years older than the artist; and where without a scandalous reputation.

Today it is customary to judge by his paintings about secret fears, to discern Freudian inclinations, quoting lines from the memoirs “The Diary of a Genius.” How many confidently say that Dali’s paranoid psychosis is visible in the canvas “Dream”, where the head with the missing body is supported by supports that prevent it from falling to the ground. But those who peer into Dali’s hidden vices sometimes forget that this painting is part of the “Paranoia and War” series. On the eve of World War II, the artist anticipates the horror of blood and depicts humanity that has lost its support.

Being apolitical, Dali often turned to the image of Hitler, reflecting on his fears and childhood grievances. However, he seemed to mock this fatal figure, hiding his own views under the shadow of light mockery: “Hitler embodied for me the perfect image of the great masochist who unleashed world war it is only for the sake of pleasure to lose it and be buried under the rubble of the empire. This selfless act should evoke surreal admiration, because before us is a modern hero.” Such blatant posturing could not help but remain in history, and nowadays people like to talk about how Dali admired Hitler. A fly in the ointment is also added by the phrase of Luis Buñuel, with whom Dali in his youth created the short film “Un Chien Andalou”: “Thinking about him, I cannot forgive him, despite the memories of my youth and my today’s admiration for some of his works, his egocentrism and putting himself on display, cynical support of the Francoists." However, if you look into this in more detail, evidence is found that El Salvador was not on the same page with the Nazis. “If Hitler had conquered Europe, he would have sent all the hysterics like me to the next world. He equated everyone like me in Germany with the mentally ill and destroyed them.” In addition, it is known that Dali painted the painting “The Mystery of Hitler,” in which he prophetically depicted the death of the Fuhrer; this work was dated 1937 and was destroyed by the Nazis.

The real Dali

A complete provocation bordering on psychosis - this particular person is a worthy candidate for the symbols of our turbulent century...

How society saw Dali and how he really was - two completely different people. If the era was accustomed to consider him a shocking brawler, then for himself he was... simply a genius! It would seem paradoxical and self-confident. “If you start playing at being a genius, you will certainly become one” - what is this, vanity, naivety or deep knowledge of the laws of human psychology? It was Dali’s inherent oddities that made him somewhat infantile, sometimes forcing him to look at things in a childish way.

If you turn to his memoirs, you will notice a sublime, slightly hyperbolic view of the world, usually inherent in the smallest representatives of humanity. Is this why Dali began collaborating with Walt Disney, wanting to put it in cartoon form? true feelings and emotions, to dedicate the audience to such an unusual, but at the same time sincere relationship with Gala? The collaboration of two geniuses resulted in an animated film called “Destino”, “avant-garde in Salvadoran style”, but no less touching for that. It is based on a love story between the god Chronos (representing time) and a mortal woman. Throughout the film, the heroine dances, surrounded by surreal graphics. There is no dialogue here: the combination of music and dance has since ancient times been considered a “pure” form of art, and words were of no use.

Salvador Dali and the era

Alas, not everyone is able to appreciate the creator’s creativity. And even more so, not everyone will be imbued with the soul of this master of the brush and easel... But the creators of pop art are ready to sing his praises day and night! Constantly contradicting society, ignoring rules, going beyond boundaries - everything that young people so ardently strive for is concentrated in him. And if we experience feigned fatigue from conventions - mass culture presents us with a cult personality, an object of adoration - everything is correct, because for him the concept of “conventionality” did not exist at all. In a time when everyone considers himself a rebel and an opponent of the system, El Salvador - the personification of anarchism - seems to be an idol. That is why people idolize his works, which are no less provocative than the author himself. Contemplating the paintings, they see only the shocking and psychedelic side, without trying to understand what problems the artist worked with. As the cult of personality grows, the genius is mentioned in songs, films are made dedicated to his life and work... Legends are made up about him and gossip is spread. There is even a line of perfumes bearing the immortal name of an eccentric, a genius and a showman rolled into one!

Yes, his paintings are unsurpassed, and to argue with this is the highest manifestation of absurdity, but today society is not so interested in aesthetic value, how much hype was born around their author. A paradox man, a living drug, a surreal genius - all this is Salvador Dali. But for some, Dali is a brand that sells well in the information market.

In what light do you see the artist?

Anastasia Vasilenko

• " Surrealism is not a party, not a label, but a unique state of mind, not constrained by slogans or morality. Surrealism is the complete freedom of the human being and the right to dream. I'm not a surrealist I am surrealism."

No one is born an adult right away, but some are born geniuses. This was probably Salvador Dali - a genius who came from an unusual childhood. The first years of Salvador's life were filled with all-consuming parental love,
not allowing the young parents to see that their son is not entirely happy and is completely unusual.


Almost a year before the birth of Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dali, a tragedy occurred in the family of the respected Figueres notary Salvador Dali Sr. and his wife Felipa - their first-born Salvador Gal Anselm died before he was two years old. Tormented by remorse and fear of losing their second son, the Dali couple tried to give Salvador Jr. everything they could give loving parents. Being among the richest residents of Figueres, they did not refuse little Salvador anything and tried to fulfill even the most unusual wishes of the boy. At the same time, the father wanted to see his child as ordinary and considered his creative hobbies a whim, and the devout mother regularly took her son to his brother’s grave.

At the age of 5, after another visit to the cemetery with his mother, Salvador formed his own opinion about parental love, deciding that it was not intended for him, but for his deceased brother. To justify his right to be a beloved son, Salvador called himself the reincarnation of his brother and began to master the techniques of manipulating his parents.

Thus, it can be assumed that a certain mental conflict that provoked the development of such an unusual worldview arose in Salvador Dali in early childhood. After all, he was sure that his parents’ attention was not a manifestation of love for him, but only an attempt to come to an agreement with his conscience.
In 1921, Felipa Domenech Dalí died of cancer. Salvador was 17, and he was grieving the loss. By that time, the future surrealist was already fully formed as an artist, but remained completely unadapted to everyday life.

The artist’s father initially believed that nothing would come of his son’s passion for art. He wanted to give his son a good “normal” education and was very upset that his son was not interested in general sciences

Soon after Felipa's death, Salvador Dalí Cusi married her sister Catalina. This event became another brick laid in the wall of alienation between the artist and his father. The young painter chose an independent creative path, left home and did not seek closeness with his family.

In 1933, Salvador Dali painted one of his most scandalous paintings, “The Riddle of William Tell.”



Dali himself explained the plot as an attempt to portray fear of his father.
The main character, according to Dali himself, is Lenin in a cap with a huge visor.
In “The Diary of a Genius,” Dali writes that the baby is himself, screaming “He wants to eat me!” There are also crutches here - an indispensable attribute of Dali’s work, which retained its relevance throughout the artist’s life. With these two crutches the artist props up the visor and one of the leader’s thighs. In the painting, the father can eat either the cutlet or the child, which means that Dali was never able to overcome the feeling of danger emanating from his father.

Anna Maria entered the life of Salvador Dali in 1908, when the boy was only 4 years old. In Spain, where above all - family values, and a man’s word is law, the adoration and admiration that a sister gave to her brother was natural and... destined. The relatively small age difference brought them even closer together

Anna Maria 1924

“Self-Portrait with Raphael’s Neck” - written in 1921, when his mother died, which, according to the artist, was one of the most difficult experiences of his life. This is one of Salvador's first works. Made in an impressionist style.

The Gizmo and the Hand (1927)

Experiments with geometric shapes continue. You can already feel that mystical desert, the manner of painting landscapes characteristic of Dali of the “surreal” period

Also called "Invisible", the painting shows metamorphosis, hidden meanings and contours of objects. Dali often returned to this technique, making it one of the main features of his painting.

This painting reveals Dali's obsessions and childhood fears.

"The Great Masturbator" has great importance to explore the artist’s personality, as it is inspired by his subconscious. The painting reflects Dali's controversial attitude towards sex. In his childhood, Dali's father left a book on the piano with photographs of genitals affected by sexually transmitted diseases, which led to the association of sex with decay and turned young Dali away from sexual relations for a long time

Dalí kept this painting in his own collection at the Dalí Theater-Museum in Figueres until his death

At the age of 25, Salvador Dali was still a virgin and not only was in no hurry to get to know women, but he was also afraid of them, trying to avoid physical intimacy. What had to happen for dramatic changes to occur in the personal life of the then future genius? What was needed was an explosion, fireworks, a celebration... mind-blowing gala performance.
And it happened. This festive show, which was destined to last more than 50 years, began in 1929, when the then famous artist came to Cadaques to visit the young eccentric artist French poet Paul Eluard with his daughter and Russian wife, who called herself Gala. It is believed that it was from this moment that the Gala star duo - Salvador Dali began to exist. In fact, in August 1929 arose love triangle Gala - Paul - Salvador, who became a duet only in 1952, after the death of Eluard.

It is difficult to say how Salvador Dali’s life would have turned out if it had developed according to Anna Maria’s scenario. The artist’s early paintings are, without a doubt, sensual and talented, but devoid of the madness that splashes from the works of the surrealist of the “Gala era.” One way or another, in 29 Dali made his choice

Did Paul Eluard hate his luckier rival? Did Dali feel remorse because he “stole” his friend’s wife? Did Gala doubt that she was making the right choice when leaving Eluard for Salvador? No no and one more time no.
As for Dali, he was so stunned by the surging feelings that he did not even think about the fact that Gala had not come to him alone, and that her husband and child were with them.

On that memorable visit, Salvador Dali painted a portrait of Paul Eluard. Having poured out on the canvas all his doubts and passions, tearing apart all the participants in the events, he explained it this way: “I felt that I was entrusted with the responsibility of capturing the face of the poet, from whose Olympus I stole one of the muses.”

Since 1930, Gala began to live with Dali, having left Paris. Their love story, although known to almost the whole world, still remains a mystery. And Paul Eluard went on his journey, and in 1930 he met new love, Maria Benz, a dancer who performed under the stage name Nusch. A recognized beauty, Noush was endowed with many talents: she danced, sang, was an acrobat, wrote poetry and even painted. Her beauty inspired many artists of the early 20th century: Pablo Picasso
invited Nush as a model for his paintings

But, despite a completely happy personal life, almost until his death, Paul Eluard wrote love letters to Gala and believed that one day she would return. And she, in turn, out of respect for ex-husband did not marry Dali as long as Paul was alive.

Dali and Gala settled in Paris. The artist began a period of enormous creative growth; he painted paintings without resting, but without feeling any particular physical or nervous fatigue. He wrote as easily as he breathed. And his paintings fascinated him, changing his ideas about the world. He signed his paintings like this: “Gala-Salvador Dali.” And this is fair - she was the source from which he drew his strength. “Soon you will be what I want you to be, my boy,”- that’s what Gala told him. And he agreed with this.

My wife 1945.

The candy pink sofa is painted in the shape of the lips of American actress Mae West. The hair is made in the form of curtains framing the entrance to the room, the eyes are in the form of paintings, and the nose is made in the form of a fireplace on which the clock stands. The lip tint became very popular in its time and gained “scandalous” fame.
The idea in the form of an illusion room was realized at the Dali Theater-Museum in the city of Figueres by Oscar Tusquets under the direction of Dali himself. The exhibition was opened on September 28, 1974.

The head of roses is more of a tribute to Arcimboldo, an artist beloved by the surrealists. Arcimboldo, long before the advent of the avant-garde as such, painted portraits of court men, using vegetables and fruits to compose them (eggplant nose, wheat hair, etc.). He (like Bosch) was something of a surrealist before surrealism.

The most famous of Dali's inventions. The boxes were always depicted by him as open. They denoted a search carried out unintentionally. Here Dali clearly has some kind of stable memory, the roots of which remained unknown. Dali outlined where the boxes should be, and Marcel Duchamp, whom Dali had great respect for, made the mold for the casting. A series of new castings were made from the same mold in 1964. Venus is now in the Salvador Dali Museum in Florida. The Salvador Dali Museum is the only museum in the United States dedicated to a single artist.

Phone lobster , 1936

Metamorphoses of Narcissus , 1937

Dali himself spoke differently about Hitler. He wrote that he was attracted to the Fuhrer’s soft, plump back. His mania did not cause much enthusiasm among the surrealists, who had leftist sympathies. On the other hand, Dali subsequently spoke of Hitler as a complete masochist who started the war with only one goal - to lose it. According to the artist, he was once asked for an autograph for Hitler and he made a straight cross - “the complete opposite of the broken fascist swastika.”

Dalí described his work on this painting as an attempt to make the abnormal appear normal and the normal appear abnormal.

Gala often poses for her husband - she is present in his paintings both in the allegory of sleep and in the image of the Mother of God or Helen the Beautiful. From time to time, interest in Dali's surreal paintings begins to fade, and Gala comes up with new ways to get the rich to fork out money. So Dali began to create original things, and this brought him serious success. Now the artist was confident that he knew exactly what surrealism really was.
Salvador and Gala knew no need; they could afford to tease the audience with strange antics. This provoked rumors that infuriated people with a different character. So, they said about Dali that he was a pervert and had schizophrenia. And indeed, his long mustache and bulging eyes involuntarily suggest that genius and madness go hand in hand. But these rumors only amused the lovers.

Amanda Lear - Salvador Dali's "angel"

Amanda Lear, 1965

Salvador Dali was one of the first to “discover” Amanda. She was 19, she was charming and seemed like an angel to him. She was then known as Peki D'Oslo. Some researchers believe that the name Amanda Lear is a play on words in French, L "Amant Dalí, which means "Dali's mistress."

Dali, with the spontaneity inherent in every madman, introduced his “angel” to his wife. They often walked, dined and attended receptions, the three of them or in the company of another young favorite of Gala.

Amanda became a frequent guest of the “court of miracles” - evenings in Suite No. 108 of the Meurice Hotel, which took place daily from 17:00 to 20:00. She came here with Dali, who was the center and ideological inspirer of the “get-togethers.” Amanda accepted Dali's piquant and often obscene jokes with due understanding and willingly participated in many of his crazy adventures.

Not inclined to fidelity herself, Gala, however, was not ready to put up with the presence of another woman in her Salvador’s life.
Soon Gala realized how good Salvador was in Amanda’s company (and this seems to be the real genius of this woman) and changed her anger to mercy: she helped financially and entrusted her with taking care of Dali. Gala made Amanda promise that she would marry Salvador after her death.

In July 1982, Gala died, but Amanda did not fulfill this promise - she was not at all up to it. By that time, the passport already had a stamp about his marriage to Alain Philippe Malagnac, the adopted son of Roger Peyrefitte (a French homosexual writer).

In her declining years, Gala moved somewhat away from Dali. He bought her a medieval castle - Pubol, where she enjoyed her last joyful days with her young men. But when she broke her hip, the gigolos, of course, abandoned their mistress, and she was left alone. Gala died in the clinic in 1982.


With Gala's departure, the artist's strangeness began to manifest itself even more strongly. He left his canvas and brushes forever and could go for days without eating anything. If they tried to persuade him or entertain him with a conversation, Dali became aggressive, spat at the nurses, and sometimes even attacked them. But he didn’t beat the women—he just scratched their faces with his nails. It seemed that he had lost the gift of articulate speech - no one could understand the artist’s moo. Now everyone was sure that madness had completely taken over the consciousness of the genius.

Dali gave Amanda perhaps the most valuable thing he had - the Gala amulet, which she always carried with her: a small piece of wood that she believed brought good luck. Dali always had exactly the same amulet.
The artist received Amanda in the dark, asking her not to turn on the light: the great surrealist felt that he was losing strength, and did not want the beauty to remember him as a frail old man.

Dali lived without his muse for another seven years. But can these years be called life? The bill that fate presented to the artist for his brilliant insights turned out to be too great.
When the artist was not tormented by attacks, he simply sat by the window with the shutters closed and stared into space for hours.
Dalí was buried at the Theater-Museum in Figueres. The artist bequeathed his fortune and works to Spain.

Born Advertising Genius
Most successfully, Salvador Dali advertised himself. Fame, fame, and with them money literally “stuck” to him, wherever he appeared, whatever direction of creativity he developed. The ability to attract attention is a virtue especially valued by representatives of the film industry. That is why, having found himself in America, Dali naturally found himself in Hollywood, becoming for some time one of its most prominent figures.

Dali became close to the Hollywood celebrity Walt Disney. On January 14, 1946, the Disney studio signed a contract with the artist to create animated film Destino. The project, for which Dali managed to draw 135 sketches, was soon closed due to financial problems. Only in 2003 did Disney studio artists manage to complete work on the cartoon, implementing the master’s main ideas and using a short fragment drawn personally by Dali.

Wear a sensual jacket for dinner tonight!

The sensual jacket, also known as the Aphrodisiac Dinner Jacket, was invented by Salvador Dali in 1936. 83 glasses of mint liqueur were suspended from thin straws from the tuxedo.

To make this jacket even more surreal, Dali placed a dead fly in each glass. A bra instead of a bib emphasizes the sexuality of the chosen image.

Dali himself later “sported” in a jacket reminiscent of the 1936 example: cups of liqueur were replaced by numbered crystal glasses. It is in this strange outfit that the maestro is captured in a photograph taken during one of the receptions. Today this photograph is kept in the BBC archives, among other black and white frames, called symbols of the 20th century.

Wine labels

Chateau Mouton Rothschild wine label

The most famous work maestro is a flower from the logo of Chupa Chups candies, which has survived to us since 1969, having undergone only minor changes. Enrique Bernat (founder of the Spanish company Chupa Chups) turned to the famous surrealist artist, and he suggested placing the name Chupa Chups inside a daisy flower.

The participation of the great surrealist could not but affect the results of the competition: that year the winners were as many as 4 countries, including Dali’s native Spain.

The maestro did not limit himself to “creative” and managed to personally star in several commercials. Dali's mustache trembling with delight in a chocolate advertisement and a surreal image of the effects of the hangover remedy Alka-Seltzer are the most famous videos featuring this great Spanish artist.

At the beginning of the 20th century, surreal ideas were in the air, penetrating the minds of extraordinary individuals like a virus. Salvador Dali, the most famous carrier of this virus, never denied himself the pleasure of collaborating with representatives of other fields of art who shared his surrealist views on the world.

Dali's acquaintance with Jean Cocteau and the outrageous designer Elsa Schiaparelli, which took place in the 20s of the last century, was a foregone conclusion: Elsa did not miss the opportunity to shock the public by implementing the principles of surrealism in clothing design, and Salvador and Jean were fascinated by the idea of ​​creating art masterpieces in dresses and suits.

Dali came up with the idea of ​​a hat-shoe back in 1933, when, while photographing Gala, he placed a slipper on her head. In 1937, the idea was realized and added to Schiaparelli’s hat collection.

It was in this collection that the pillbox hat first appeared. Yes, yes, it was this headdress in the shape of a tablet of aspirin, fashionable at that time, that became the prototype of the very hat that “only” 30 years later became part of Jacqueline Kennedy’s style.

Together with Dali, Schiaparelli came up with another amazing and eerie dress: ribs, a spine and pelvic bones were painted on a tight-fitting jersey. Dali came up with the idea for many of the mysterious accessories made by Elsa Schiaparelli. These include apple bags, gloves with false nails and much more.

Such magic was possessed by Salvador Dali, who, taking an ordinary object as a basis, could turn it into mystical beauty.
Perhaps the brightest and most famous of these item — a sofa in the shape of lips.

Satin scarlet a sofa whose outline follows the shape of the lips of the scandalous and incredibly sexy Broadway star, actress Mae West, appeared in 1937,
Dali himself considered Mae West an erotic monument of the era.

Lips are one of Dali’s favorite symbols, the personification of sexuality, mystery and seduction. Decades later, in 1974, Salvador Dali returned to the idea of ​​creating a lip-shaped sofa and, together with Spanish designer Oscar Tusquets Blanca, created a bright red leather sofa

Dali called surreal sculpture fetishistic and completely useless, created solely to give vent to his crazy fantasies. The main surrealist of the 20th century had a lot of fantasies, and no less madness.

Retrospective bust of a woman

In 1933, Dali created a mystical and unimaginable sculptural collage of elements of completely different natures, objects of his fetish and symbols of his own fear - “Retrospective Bust of a Woman.”
The combination of bread and corn on the cob with the woman's delicate face and perky breasts creates an image of fertility. However, the ants crawling on the forehead and the shape of the baguette symbolize the woman as an object of consumption and represent a hint of carefully hidden depression.

The bust was originally made using a real baguette and during the first exhibition, in 1933 at the Pierre Co gallery, Salvador Dali's dog ate a piece of the baguette.

Surreal "Cadillac" - "Rainy Taxi"
“Rainy Taxi” first appeared at a surrealist exhibition in Paris in 1938. Dali promised the organizers that this would be the most amazing and exciting exhibition of the first half of the 20th century.

The maestro planned to create a car in which it rains, the floor is covered with ivy, and snails crawl on a mannequin sitting in the back seat. It took Dali a lot of work to convince the management of the exhibition of the need to implement his idea, since the arguments that seemed convincing to the surrealist himself did not convince anyone except himself. However, the bewitching mysticism of the object was so obvious that the go-ahead for the installation was given with the only restriction - the object must not be located in the building.

After the name was approved, they began to build a “Rainy Taxi” in front of the entrance to the exhibition - a car with a perforated water container mounted under the roof and a special plumbing system that ensures a continuous supply of water. Dali just had to decorate the interior with moss and wait for the decorations to take root. Having seated the mannequins, the surrealist “decorated” them with two hundred Burgundy snails.

For my long life, most of which Salvador Dali spent “with a brush in his hand,” the brilliant surrealist created a huge number of masterpieces and took part in many unusual projects: from drawing cartoons to writing books.

Working on his own version of the Tarot deck can be considered one of Dali’s most unusual projects: the artist was far from the occult and magic, considering himself the only creator of his own life. But his beloved Gala was delighted with the ability of mysterious cards to reveal the secrets of the past, present and future. Perhaps it was for Gala that the great Salvador decided to draw his Tarot.

It is difficult to say whether the deck has any special predictive power, but there is no doubt that the engravings by Salvador Dali that underlie its creation are works of art.

No, Dali did not become a car fan, and he was left indifferent to technical achievements and innovations in the automotive industry. However, the surrealist was inspired by the forms of “automatic carriages” and the power hidden in them: cars became the “central figures” of some of his paintings and the “heroes” of the plots of several literary works. In 1938, "Rainy Taxi" became central figure exhibitions in Paris.

In 1941, Dali purchased his first car, a Cadillac.

The Cadillac Dali bought was one of five special Caddies equipped with an automatic transmission. General Motors released a limited edition of unique cars that were purchased by the most famous, influential or shocking personalities of the time. One belonged to US President Roosevelt, the second to Clark Gable, the third belonged to Al Capone, who had been released by that time, and the fourth became the property of the Gala couple and Salvador Dali. The name of the owner of the fifth car is still unknown.

When the management of General Motors, wanting to improve the Cadillac brand, planned to produce an even more luxurious and complex car than the first models in the series, Salvador Dali was asked to make a sketch. The first thing Dali suggested was the name of the new car - “Cadillac de Gala”. According to the artist, obsessed with his wife, only this name could fully reflect the impressiveness of the model.

Dali's idea was interesting and completely new, but... technically impossible in serial production. The surrealist sent his sketch to General Motors and received no response. And one or two years later, the American automaker released... “Cadillac de Gala”! True, only the name remained from Dali’s ideas in the car.

After consulting with his lawyers, the artist sued the company for $10,000 (this is the minimum unit of measurement in Dali’s system of financial calculations). The very next morning, by registered mail, he received a check for the requested amount. And no explanation.

Philippe Halsman and Salvador Dali
Halsman met Salvador Dali in 1941. They maintained a creative and friendly relationship for 30 years


Philippe Halsman photographed almost all the celebrities of the 20th century - politicians and millionaires, intellectuals and pop divas, eccentric artists and poets. The creative collaboration between Salvador Dali and Philippe Halsman, the founder, continued for 30 years
surrealism in photography.

Most famous photo Salvador Dali, made by Philippe Halsman - "Dali Atomicus". The surreal photo was created without editing or tricks - only carefully thought-out staging, painstaking preparation, many attempts and incredible patience from everyone involved in the shooting.

Works by Philippe Halsman and Salvador Dali

Like an amazingly crafted diamond, Salvador Dali's talent has many facets, each of which sparkles with a special brilliance and changes shade depending on the angle of view. He was not just a genius in everything, be it painting, sculpture, graphics or literature. The uniqueness of the genius of Salvador Dali also lies in the fact that he was commercially successful.

Any project that the expressive Spaniard took on sooner or later turned into an economic benefit. Dali successfully made money from comfortable life, their eccentric hobbies and expensive gifts for their muse Gala. Did the maestro love money? Unknown. But the fact that Dali loved money is beyond doubt.

Hello, dear readers of the site Sprint-Response. Today, June 3, 2017, the next TV game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” took place. with host Dmitry Dibrov. In this article you can find out a brief overview games, find out the right ones answers in the game "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" for 06/03/2017 . The correct answers in the list of options are highlighted in blue. The first two took part: singer Alexander Serov and beauty queen Miss Russia 2013 Elmira Abdrazakova . By the way, the program was filmed on May 18, 2017, you can find out about this from the joyful post on Elmira Abdrazakova's Instagram. The Sprint-Response website begins reporting with today's show“Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?”, which has already been broadcast in the eastern regions of the country. The first pair of players are at the gaming table in the studio.

Elmira and Alexander settled on a fireproof amount of 200,000 rubles; Elmira was more modest when choosing a fireproof amount, or rather a realist. Alexander initially wanted to settle on the amount of 400,000 rubles. As a result, they came to a consensus; the fireproof amount was determined to be 200,000 rubles.

1. What, figuratively speaking, does conscience do to a person who repents of what he has done?

• swallows
• gnawing
• bites

2. What is the name of Mayakovsky’s poem?

• "Fine!"
• "Cool!"
• "Cool!"
• "Fly away!"

3. Through what, if you believe folk wisdom, is the way to a man's heart?

• through his kidneys
• through his lungs
• through his stomach
• through his liver

4. Where does viburnum bloom in the popular Soviet song?

• In the woods
• in the garden
• in the steppe
• in field

5. What word means “long chair” in French?

• chaise lounge
• ottoman
• canapes
• stool

6. What is the name and indoor plant, and a cold appetizer of zucchini and eggplant?

• "mother-in-law's ear"
• "mother-in-law's tongue"
• "mother-in-law's braid"
• "mother-in-law's tail"

7. Which Beatles member's daughter became a fashion designer?

• Ringo Starr
• George Harrison
• John Lennon
• Paula McCartney

8. What day is considered the first day of the week in Israel?

• Monday
• Friday
• Saturday
• Sunday

When answering the eighth question, participants took the “Call a friend” prompt.

9. With what lines did Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov compare service and friendship?

• with crossed
• with parallel
• with perpendicular
• with divergent

When answering the ninth question, the game participants took the “50:50” clue.

Game "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" with Alexander Serov and Elmira Abdrazakova

10. Who played the saxophonist in the restaurant and in the cinema in the TV movie “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed”?

• Sergey Mazaev
• Igor Butman
• Alexey Kozlov
• Vladimir Presnyakov

When answering the tenth question, participants took the clue “Help from the audience.” Unfortunately, the players answered incorrectly and did not win anything. They needed to listen to Dmitry Dibrov and take the remaining clue “Right to make a mistake.” The Sprint-Answer website continues its review of the game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” dated June 3, 2017. In the studio there are members of the second pair of players, these are the actors: Irina Apeksimova And Daniil Spivakovsky . The players chose a fireproof amount of 800,000 rubles.

1. Where does the drummer perform?

• in the ring
• on the stage
• on the battlefield
• in the forge

2. How does the common expression describe Noah’s Ark: “Every creature...”?

• by container
• in pairs
• by saree
• on safari

3. What tool is often mentioned when talking about a long and boring action?

• Jew's harp
• duduk
• sorry
• bagpipes

4. What color is the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco painted?

• to green
• in yellow
• in orange
• in white

5. What was the name in Rus' for a person who carried out orders of a trading nature?

• clerk
• pointer
• customer
• refusenik

6. What sport is the film “Million Dollar Baby” dedicated to?

• figure skating
• fencing
• biathlon
• boxing

7. What god, according to his own admission, was Ole Lukoje from Andersen’s fairy tale?

Being a big fan of abstract art and surrealism in general and the work of Salvador Dali in particular, I dreamed of visiting this museum for many years. And then it happened.
A little about the museum itself:
In 1960, the mayor of Figueres, R.G. Rovira turned to Dali with a request to donate his painting to the museum of his hometown. The artist, without hesitation, exclaimed: “Not a painting, but a whole museum!” The idea of ​​creating a theater-museum, as well as the basic concept of its content, belongs entirely to Dali himself. Museum complex consists of the building of the old municipal theater, as well as parts of the medieval city walls and the Galatea tower (the last residence of the artist, named after his wife Gala), which are decorated with giant “Humpty Dumpty”. The Museum took 14 years to build. For all necessary work left most of Dali's fortune, considerable by that time, as well as subsidies allocated by the Spanish government and donations from many of his friends. Since reporting was compiled only on expenditures of public money, the total amount spent remained unknown. The opening of the museum took place on September 28, 1974.
Here is how the artist himself spoke about this place:
"...My whole life has been a theater, so I couldn't find a better place for a museum..."
"...Where else, if not in my city, should the most extravagant and fundamental of my works be preserved and live for centuries? What remains of the Municipal Theater seems to me very suitable for three reasons: firstly, because I am, first of all, a theater artist; secondly, because the Theater is located opposite the church in which I was baptized; and thirdly, it was in this theater, in its foyer, in 1918, at the age of 14, that I first exhibited my works. paintings..."
"...I want my museum to be a monolith, a labyrinth, a huge surreal object. It will be an absolutely theatrical museum. Those who come here will leave with the feeling that they have had a theatrical dream..."

A geodesic dome rises above the stage of the theater-museum, which over time has become a symbol of both Figueres and the museum. Its construction was entrusted to Emilio Perez Pinheiro in January 1973. To achieve this, the architect used a glass and steel structure, inspired by the work of American designer Richerd Fuller. By the way, Dali’s body is walled up in the floor right under the dome, not far from the entrance to the women’s toilet, as he bequeathed. The artist wanted people to be able to walk around the grave after his death.

During 1984, the walls of the building were gradually covered by Dali with loaves of peasant bread.

And not by chance. Bread was often used by the artist in his works. Dali himself said this:
"...Bread has become one of the long-standing objects of fetishism and obsession in my works, it is the number one to which I have been most faithful..."

Iron sign near the entrance to the museum.

The entrance to the museum is located in Piazza Gala and Salvador Dali.

Opposite the main facade there is a monument to the genius of Catalan thought Francesc Pujols, a friend of the Dali family; the artist had a special interest in his philosophy. On the pedestal of the monument is inscribed the philosopher’s statement: “Catalan thought is always born anew and lives in its simple-minded gravediggers.” The composition of the monument is also interesting: the rhizome of a century-old olive tree, in it there is a figure in a white Roman toga, crowned with a golden egg-head, resting on his hand, in a pose similar to Rodin’s “The Thinker”. Above the figure is a hydrogen atom. The sculptural group also includes a marble bust of a Roman patrician with a small bronze head of Francesc Pujols himself, reminiscent of another family friend, Pepito Pichot.

Warriors with (again) bread loaves under the roof of the building.

A female figure with a loaf of bread and a crutch (another frequently used and significant object in the artist’s figurative world). The holes in the solar plexus illustrate Dali's idea that information is contained in empty space.

The “diver symbolizing a dive into the subconscious” above the entrance is a reference to the outfit Dali wore at the opening of the World Exhibition of Surrealism in London in June 1936 and nearly suffocated.

Immediately after entering we are served in the inner courtyard with its main composition- "Rainy taxi."

As the legend describes, the composition owes its appearance to chance. Dali was walking through the city one day. It was cold and rainy. Soaked to the skin. And happy people drove by in warm, dry taxis. And then he had the idea to restore justice and change this world, change it so that it would rain on those who were in the taxi, and it would be warm and cozy around. This is how the idea for the masterpiece of the great Catalan - “rainy taxi” arose. If you throw a coin into the slot, the umbrella closes, and it starts to rain inside the car, which pours on a couple of mannequins in the back seat, the driver and the grape snails crawling on them. When the second coin is thrown, the umbrella opens and the rain stops.

On the hood of the Cadillac, Dali placed a sculpture of the mythological Queen Esther (a symbol of justice and revenge) by the Austrian sculptor Ernst Fuchs.

"Esther" pulls Trajan's Column with chains from car tires - a reference to the famous Roman Trajan's Column and a tribute to the Roman emperor from the Antonine dynasty (Latin: Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus), in whom the artist had a strong interest.

The whole time I was looking at the sculpture, a verse from Laertsky’s song “Chemical Faculty of Moscow State University” was spinning in my head, namely: “Hefty women are playing hockey on the grass...”
Yes, Dali’s work evokes interesting associations. That's why I love him.

The entire structure is crowned with a boat that belonged to Gala and a black umbrella.

Under the boat you can see Michelangelo's "Slave" painted black, Dalianized with a car tire.

Drops of water under the bottom of the boat - condoms filled with paint - are not a random detail. According to Dali, on this boat Gala hunted young men hiding from the artist’s already middle-aged muse.

On both sides of the entrance are the lanterns of the Parisian metro in the Art Nouveau style designed by Hector Guimard.

In the recesses of the window openings of the stalls there are mannequins, stylized as priests of Ancient Egypt, alternating with charred beams remaining from the burnt building of the old theater.

Grotesque (as the artist himself called them) monsters between the central windows of the courtyard, created by Dali with the assistance of Antoni Pichot from animal skeletons, washbasins, snails, stones from Cape Creus, felled branches of plane trees from the Rambla in Figueres, fragments of gargoyles from the burnt neighboring church of St. Peter , an old dish found in a municipal park and drawers of old furniture from the Figueres City Hall, which, according to Dali, always store information.

"Venus Velata" by Olivier Brice.

Architectural mystifications begin already on the first floor of the museum: upon entering a building that appears to be three stories from the outside, the visitor finds himself in a five-story building. This effect was created by making the first floor of the museum multi-level.

Set design for the ballet "Labyrinth".

Hands from "The Creation" are part of an installation dedicated to Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel.

ABOUT bottom of the greatest illusions of El Salvador - "Nude Gala looking at the sea." When creating this painting, the digital method was used for the first time in fine art.

Let's move a little away from the picture...

and more... What do we see? At a distance of 20 meters, the painting “transforms” into a portrait of Abraham Lincoln.

Amadeu Torres and Teresa Marek - "El Pol y La Pusa" (Louse and Flea). The sculpture is dedicated to two street musicians from the artist’s childhood, playing the organ. Dali turned their harmonium into such a surreal object.

I don’t know what this composition is called, but the octopus comes to mind.

Old electric pole.

"Galarina." This painting, like many of the artist’s other works, depicts Dali’s wife, muse and model - Russian emigrant Elena Ivanovna Dyakonova, known throughout the world as Gala (with emphasis on the second A).

A crocodile with a lantern and a one-legged mannequin with a crutch.

The previous installation with a crocodile evoked such an association in me :-)

Sculpture "Stool-mane ken".

A mask invented by Dali with a hat with drawers built into the crown. In this outfit he appeared at the Rothschild family masquerade ball. The mask has four faces: two are variations of the Mona Lisa portrait, one with a mustache, the other with a goatee, the third face with a portrait of Helen Rothschild, and the fourth is an empty space intended for the face of the owner of the mask.

“Otorhinological head of Venus” is either a monster or a deity, with an ear instead of a nose and a nose instead of an ear.

Portrait of the scandalous Hollywood star Mae West. To see it you need to climb up the ladder and look at the sofa-lips, the fireplace-nostrils and the pictures-eyes standing separately from each other. special lens with a wig at the edges, suspended between the legs of a camel.

"Retrospective female bust against a background of pheasant carcasses." A loaf on your head, ants on your face and ears of corn like a necklace.

An anthropomorphic face with baby doll pupils, a headless doll instead of a nose, hair made from corn cobs and a heavy picturesque stone on the top of the head.

I don’t like taking pictures of paintings, but here, perhaps, an exception to the rule can and should be made. A little-known side of Dali's work, the theme of Jews and Israel is presented on the second floor of the museum in a series of 25 lithographs entitled "Alia" (1968), "Song of Songs" (1971), "The Twelve Tribes of Israel" (1973), and "Our Prophets" ( 1975).

“Aliyah” - Drawing of a young man with his curly head thrown back, his torso entwined with the banner of Israel with the blue Star of David.

"Scenes of the Holocaust" - a swastika over the dead and the Star of David as a symbol of hope in the skies.

Apparently something connected with 40 years in the desert...

A ship flying a six-pointed star flag arrives at the Palestinian coast.

Proclamation of the declaration of the creation of Israel in 1948.

"Ben Gurion Proclaims Declaration of Independence."

"Menorah".

"Circumcision"

A distinctive lamp in a modernist style with the head of the blindfolded goddess Fortune rising on a spiral of teaspoons suspended from the ceiling.

Installation with two cases of a gift edition of Dali's book "Ten Recipes for Immortality". Immortality, as the artist believed, is the ultimate goal of any alchemical search.

Looking at the shadow on the wall from "Newton with a Hole in the Head", I remembered the movie "District No. 9"

“The Persistence of Memory” or “The Fluidity of Time”, as it is sometimes called, is one of my favorite works by Dali. A reproduction of this painting has hung in my home for many years. A tapestry of the world-famous flowing clock is on display in Figueres, while the original is in the Museum of Modern Art in New York. By the way, the idea to paint a soft, flowing clock came to Dali one day when, while at home, he put a piece of Camembert cheese under the lamp and after a while he saw how the cheese melted and spread...

A gilded gorilla skeleton in the bedroom instead of a bedside table.

The bed was brought from France, or rather from the legendary Parisian brothel "Le Chabanet" and may have belonged to Castiglioni, one of the favorites of Napoleon III.

A figure with the head of Christ and a printed circuit mounted in the middle.

Dali's Venus de Milo. What distinguishes it from the original is the “collection” of boxes installed by the artist into the body of the statue.

Ceiling panel "Palace of the Wind".

We leave the museum building and immediately see one of the three monuments to the French painter Jean-Louis Ernest Meyssonnier (an artist whom Dali admired) rising on tires. The sculptures were created by Antonin Mercier in 1895 and “tweaked” by Dali.

The theme of eggs is revealed not only on the walls and tower of the museum. Here is such an interesting composition in one of the windows. A gift from the artist Rafael Duran - a “cardboard giant’s head” with doll heads instead of pupils, teeth made from toys and a TV mounted in the forehead stands on supports made of eggs.

"Television Obelisk" by Wolf Vostel, one of the largest German sculptors of the second half of the 20th century. This sculpture is a kind of monolith of fourteen televisions, completed with a female head. In 1978, Dali and Vostel signed an agreement on the exchange of works between their museums.

And finally - one more "Newton with a hole in his head and an apple-ball hanging from a pendulum", seeing off visitors to this wonderful theater-museum of Salvador Dali in Figueres.