What famous poet was Bunin's ancestor? Why did Bunin receive the Nobel Prize? 

Great Russian writer, laureate Nobel Prize, poet, publicist, literary critic and prose writer-translator. It is these words that reflect Bunin’s activities, achievements and creativity. The whole life of this writer was multifaceted and interesting, he always chose his own path and did not listen to those who tried to “restructure” his views on life, he was not a member of any literary society, much less political party. He can be considered one of those individuals who were unique in their creativity.

Earliest childhood

Born on October 10 (Old Style), 1870 in the city of Voronezh a little boy Ivan and whose work will leave a bright mark in Russian and world literature in the future.

Despite the fact that Ivan Bunin came from an ancient noble family, his childhood did not pass in big city, and in one of family estates(it was a small farm). Parents could afford to hire a home teacher. The writer recalled more than once during his life the time when Bunin grew up and studied at home. He spoke only positively about this “golden” period of his life. I remembered with gratitude and respect this student of Moscow University, who, according to the writer, awakened in him a passion for literature, because, despite such a young age, little Ivan read “The Odyssey” and “English Poets”. Even Bunin himself later said that this was the very first impetus for poetry and in general writing activity. Ivan Bunin showed his artistry quite early. The poet's creativity found expression in his talent as a reader. He read his own works excellently and interested the most dull listeners.

Studying at the gymnasium

When Vanya was ten years old, his parents decided that he had reached the age when it was already possible to send him to a gymnasium. So Ivan began studying at the Yelets gymnasium. During this period, he lived away from his parents, with his relatives in Yelets. Entering the gymnasium and studying itself became a kind of turning point, because it was really difficult for the boy, who had lived with his parents all his life and had practically no restrictions, to get used to the new city life. New rules, strictures and prohibitions entered his life. Later he lived in rented apartments, but also did not feel comfortable in these houses. His studies at the gymnasium lasted relatively short, because after only 4 years he was expelled. The reason was non-payment of tuition and absence from vacation.

External path

After everything he has experienced, Ivan Bunin settles on his estate deceased grandmother in Ozerki. Guided by the instructions of his older brother Julius, he quickly completes the gymnasium course. He studied some subjects more diligently. And even a university course was taught on them. Yuli, the elder brother of Ivan Bunin, was always distinguished by his education. Therefore, it was he who helped his younger brother with his studies. Yuliy and Ivan had a fairly trusting relationship. For this reason, it was he who became the first reader, as well as a critic of the early creativity Ivan Bunin.

First lines

According to the writer himself, his future talent was formed under the influence of the stories of relatives and friends that he heard in the place where he spent his childhood. It was there that he learned the first subtleties and features native language, listened to stories and songs, which in the future helped the writer find unique comparisons in his works. All this the best way influenced Bunin's talent.

He began to write poetry in a very early age. Bunin's work was born, one might say, when the future writer was only seven years old. When all the other children were just learning to read and write, little Ivan had already begun to write poetry. He really wanted to achieve success, mentally comparing himself with Pushkin and Lermontov. I read with enthusiasm the works of Maykov, Tolstoy, Fet.

At the very beginning of professional creativity

Ivan Bunin first appeared in print at a fairly young age, namely at 16 years old. Bunin's life and work have always been closely intertwined with each other. Well, it all started, of course, small, when two of his poems were published: “Over the grave of S. Ya. Nadson” and “The Village Beggar.” Within a year, ten of his best poems and his first stories, “Two Wanderers” and “Nefedka,” were published. These events became the beginning of the literary and writing activity of the great poet and prose writer. First appeared main topic of his writings - a person. In Bunin's work, the theme of psychology and the mysteries of the soul will remain key until the last line.

In 1889, young Bunin, under the influence of the revolutionary-democratic movement of the intelligentsia - the populists, moved to his brother in Kharkov. But soon he becomes disillusioned with this movement and quickly moves away from it. Instead of collaborating with the populists, he leaves for the city of Orel and there begins his work in the Orlovsky Vestnik. In 1891, the first collection of his poems was published.

First love

Despite the fact that throughout his life the themes of Bunin’s work were varied, almost the entire first collection of poems is imbued with the experiences of young Ivan. It was at this time that the writer had his first love. He lived in a civil marriage with Varvara Pashchenko, who became the author’s muse. This is how love first appeared in Bunin’s work. The young people often quarreled and could not find common language. Everything that happened in their life together, each time made him disappointed and wonder, is love worth such experiences? Sometimes it seemed that someone from above simply did not want them to be together. At first it was Varvara’s father’s ban on the wedding of young people, then, when they finally decided to live in a civil marriage, Ivan Bunin unexpectedly finds a lot of disadvantages in their life together, and then becomes completely disappointed in it. Later, Bunin comes to the conclusion that he and Varvara are not suitable for each other in character, and soon the young people simply break up. Almost immediately, Varvara Pashchenko marries Bunin’s friend. It brought a lot of worries to the young writer. He becomes completely disillusioned with life and love.

Productive work

At this time, Bunin's life and work are no longer so similar. The writer decides to sacrifice personal happiness and devotes himself entirely to work. During this period, everything becomes clearer tragic love in the works of Bunin.

Almost at the same time, fleeing loneliness, he moved to his brother Julius in Poltava. There is an upsurge in the literary field. His stories are published in leading magazines, and he is gaining popularity as a writer. The themes of Bunin's work are mainly devoted to man, the secrets of the Slavic soul, the majestic Russian nature and selfless love.

After Bunin visited St. Petersburg and Moscow in 1895, he gradually began to enter the larger literary environment, into which he fit very organically. Here he met Bryusov, Sologub, Kuprin, Chekhov, Balmont, Grigorovich.

Later, Ivan begins to correspond with Chekhov. It was Anton Pavlovich who predicted to Bunin that he would become a “great writer.” Later, carried away by moral sermons, she makes him her idol and even tries to live by his advice for a certain time. Bunin asked for an audience with Tolstoy and was honored to meet the great writer in person.

A new step on the creative path

In 1896, Bunin tried himself as a translator works of art. In the same year, his translation of Longfellow’s “The Song of Hiawatha” was published. In this translation, everyone saw Bunin’s work from a different perspective. His contemporaries recognized his talent and highly appreciated the writer’s work. Ivan Bunin received the Pushkin Prize of the first degree for this translation, which gave the writer, and now also the translator, a reason to be even more proud of his achievements. To receive such high praise, Bunin did literally titanic work. After all, the translation of such works itself requires perseverance and talent, and for this the writer also had to learn on his own English language. As the result of the translation showed, he succeeded.

Second attempt to get married

Remaining free for so long, Bunin decided to get married again. This time his choice fell on a Greek woman, the daughter of a wealthy emigrant A. N. Tsakni. But this marriage, like the last one, did not bring joy to the writer. After a year of married life, his wife left him. In their marriage they had a son. Little Kolya died very young, at the age of 5, from meningitis. Ivan Bunin was very upset about the loss of his only child. It happened that way future life the writer that he had no more children.

Mature years

The first book of stories entitled “To the End of the World” was published in 1897. Almost all critics assessed its content very positively. A year later, another collection of poems, “Under open air" It was these works that brought the writer popularity in Russian literature that time. Bunin's work was brief, but at the same time succinct, presented to the public, who highly appreciated and accepted the author's talent.

But Bunin’s prose really gained great popularity in 1900, when the story “ Antonov apples" This work was created based on the writer’s memories of his rural childhood. For the first time, nature was vividly depicted in Bunin’s work. It was the carefree time of childhood that awakened in him the best feelings and memories. The reader is plunged headlong into that beautiful early autumn that beckons the prose writer, just at the time of collecting Antonov apples. For Bunin, these, as he admitted, were the most precious and unforgettable memories. It was joy real life and carefree. And the disappearance of the unique smell of apples is, as it were, the extinction of everything that brought the writer a lot of pleasure.

Reproaches for noble origin

Many ambiguously assessed the meaning of the allegory “the smell of apples” in the work “Antonov Apples,” since this symbol was very closely intertwined with the symbol of the nobility, which, due to Bunin’s origin, was not at all alien to him. These facts became the reason that many of his contemporaries, for example M. Gorky, criticized Bunin’s work, saying that Antonov apples smell good, but they do not smell democratic at all. However, the same Gorky noted the elegance of literature in the work and Bunin’s talent.

It is interesting that for Bunin, reproaches for his noble origin didn't mean anything. Swagger or arrogance was alien to him. Many people at that time looked for subtexts in Bunin’s works, wanting to prove that the writer regretted the disappearance of serfdom and the leveling of the nobility as such. But Bunin pursued a completely different idea in his work. He was not sorry for the change of system, but sorry for the fact that all life is passing, and that we all once loved with our full hearts, but this is also becoming a thing of the past... He was sad that he no longer enjoyed its beauty .

The Wanderings of a Writer

Ivan Bunin was in his soul all his life. This was probably the reason that he did not stay anywhere for a long time, he loved to travel around different cities, where he often got ideas for his works.

Starting in October, he traveled with Kurovsky throughout Europe. Visited Germany, Switzerland, France. Literally 3 years later, with another friend of his - the playwright Naydenov - he was again in France and visited Italy. In 1904, becoming interested in the nature of the Caucasus, he decided to go there. The journey was not in vain. This trip, many years later, inspired Bunin to write a whole series of stories, “The Shadow of a Bird,” which are associated with the Caucasus. The world saw these stories in 1907-1911, and much later the 1925 story “Many Waters” appeared, also inspired by the wondrous nature of this region.

At this time, nature is most clearly reflected in Bunin’s work. This was another facet of the writer’s talent - travel essays.

"Whoever finds your love, keep it..."

Life brought Ivan Bunin together with many people. Some passed and died, others stayed for a long time. An example of this was Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva. Bunin met her in November 1906, at a friend’s house. Smart and educated in many fields, the woman really was his best friend, and even after the writer’s death she prepared his manuscripts for publication. She wrote the book “The Life of Bunin”, in which she placed the most important and Interesting Facts from the life of a writer. He told her more than once: “I wouldn’t have written anything without you. I would have disappeared!

Here love and creativity in Bunin’s life find each other again. Probably, it was at that moment that Bunin realized that he had found the one he was looking for long years. He found his beloved in this woman, a person who would always support him in Hard time, a comrade who will not betray. Since Muromtseva became his life partner, the writer with renewed vigor wanted to create and compose something new, interesting, crazy, this gave him vitality. It was at that moment that the traveler in him woke up again, and since 1907 Bunin traveled half of Asia and Africa.

World recognition

In the period from 1907 to 1912, Bunin did not stop creating. And in 1909 he was awarded the second Pushkin Prize for his “Poems 1903-1906”. Here we remember the man in Bunin’s work and the essence of human actions, which the writer tried to understand. Also noted were many translations, which he did no less brilliantly than he composed new works.

On November 9, 1933, an event occurred that became the pinnacle of the writer’s writing activity. He received a letter informing him that Bunin had been awarded the Nobel Prize. Ivan Bunin is the first Russian writer to be awarded this high award and prize. His creativity reached its peak - he received world fame. From then on, he began to be recognized as the best of the best in his field. But Bunin did not stop his activities and, as indeed famous writer, worked with redoubled energy.

The theme of nature in Bunin’s work continues to occupy one of the main places. The writer also writes a lot about love. This became a reason for critics to compare the works of Kuprin and Bunin. Indeed, there are many similarities in their works. They are written in simple and sincere language, full of lyricism, ease and naturalness. The characters' characters are written very subtly (from a psychological point of view.) There is a degree of sensuality, a lot of humanity and naturalness.

A comparison of the works of Kuprin and Bunin gives rise to highlight such common features their works, such as the tragic fate of the main character, the assertion that for any happiness there will be retribution, the exaltation of love over all other human feelings. Both writers, through their work, argue that the meaning of life is love, and that a person endowed with the talent to love is worthy of worship.

Conclusion

The life of the great writer was interrupted on November 8, 1953 in Paris, where he and his wife emigrated after starting in the USSR. He is buried in the Russian cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois.

It is simply impossible to briefly describe Bunin's work. He created a lot during his life, and each of his works is worthy of attention.

It is difficult to overestimate his contribution not only to Russian literature, but also to world literature. His works are popular in our time among both young people and the older generation. This is truly the kind of literature that has no age and is always relevant and touching. And now Ivan Bunin is popular. The biography and work of the writer arouse interest and sincere veneration among many.

He received the Nobel Prize in Literature and where he spent the wealth he won - in the material "AiF-Chernozemye".

On November 10, 1933, it became known that the writer Ivan Bunin became the first Russian writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize.

It is known that prose writer Mark Aldanov contributed to Bunin’s nomination. In 1922 he turned to the famous French writer Romain Rolland, and he put him on the list for the prize. True, the committee did not choose Ivan Bunin’s candidacy for the first time, and honorary award the writer received it only ten years later.

There is a legend that Bunin received news of the award while at the cinema. The call from Stockholm was received by his wife Vera Muromtseva.

The official statement of the Nobel Committee states: “By the decision of the Swedish Academy, the Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Ivan Bunin for the rigorous artistic talent with which he recreated a typically Russian character in literary prose.”

Many literary critics and Bunin himself believe that the prize was actually awarded for the novel “The Life of Arsenyev,” which was published in Paris in 1930. The novel has so many intersections with the fate of the writer himself that many call it the autobiography of Ivan Bunin.

“For the first time since the establishment of the Nobel Prize, you awarded it to an exile. For who am I? An exile enjoying the hospitality of France, to which I, too, will forever remain grateful. Gentlemen of the Academy, allow me, leaving aside myself and my works, to tell you how wonderful your gesture is in itself. There must be areas of complete independence in the world. Undoubtedly, around this table there are representatives of all kinds of opinions, all kinds of philosophical and religious beliefs. But there is something unshakable that unites us all: freedom of thought and conscience, something to which we owe civilization. For a writer, this freedom is especially necessary - for him it is a dogma, an axiom,” Bunin said in his “Nobel Speech.”

The laureates also receive an impressive monetary reward - 170,331 Swedish crowns, which at that time equaled 715,000 francs. Ivan Bunin quickly squandered his wealth. He began to receive letters from Russian emigrants asking for financial assistance, which the writer provided without any questions. He quickly spent 120 thousand crowns on donations and generous feasts, and invested the rest in some “win-win business.” As a result, at the end of his life, the writer barely made ends meet, having acquired neither a business nor real estate with the money given to him. To Nobel laureate did not eke out a miserable existence, friends turned to an American philanthropist, who paid Bunin a pension until the end of his life.

I. A. Bunin was born on October 22, 1870 in Voronezh. His childhood was spent on a family estate located in the Oryol province.

At the age of 11, Bunin began studying at the Yeletsk gymnasium. In his fourth year of study, due to an illness, he was forced to leave his studies and go to live in the village. After recovery, Ivan Bunin continued his studies with his older brother; both were very interested in literature. At the age of 19, Bunin is forced to leave the estate and provide for himself. He changes several positions, working as an extra, proofreader, librarian, and has to move often. Since 1891, he begins to publish poems and stories.

Having received approval from L. Tolstoy and A. Chekhov, Bunin focuses his activities on the literary sphere. Being a writer, Bunin receives the Pushkin Prize and also becomes an honorary member Russian Academy Sci. Bunin became famous in literary circles brought the story “The Village”.

He perceived the October Revolution negatively, and therefore he left Russia, emigrating to France. In Paris he writes many works concerning Russian nature.

I. A. Bunin dies in 1953, having survived the Second World War.

Brief biography of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, 4th grade

Childhood

Bunin Ivan Alekseevich was born on October 10 or 22, 1870 in the city of Voronezh. A little later, he and his parents moved to an estate in the Oryol province.

He spends his childhood on the estate, in the middle of nature.

Having not graduated from the gymnasium in the city of Yelets (1886), Bunin received his subsequent education from his brother Yuli, who graduated from the university with excellent marks.

Creative activity

Ivan Alekseevich's first works were published in 1888, and the first collection of his poems with the same title was published in 1889. Thanks to this collection, fame comes to Bunin. Soon, in 1898, his poems were published in the “Open Air” collection, and later, in 1901, in the “Leaf Fall” collection.

Later, Bunin was awarded the title of academician at the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg (1909), after which he left Russia, being an opponent of the revolution.

Life abroad and death

Abroad Bunin does not leave his creative activity and writes works that will be doomed to success in the future. It was then that he wrote one of the most famous works, “The Life of Arsenyev.” For him the writer receives the Nobel Prize.

Bunin's last work, the literary image of Chekhov, was never completed.

Ivan Bunin died in the capital of France - in the city of Paris and was buried there.

4th grade for children, 11th grade

Life and work of Ivan Bunin

1870 is a landmark year for Russia. On October 10 (October 22), a brilliant poet and writer was born into a Voronezh family of nobles, who won world fame– I.A.Bunin. From the age of three, the Oryol province became home for the future writer. Ivan spends his childhood in his family; at the age of 8 he begins to try himself in the literary field. Due to illness, he was unable to complete his studies at the Yeletsk gymnasium. He improved his health in the village of Ozerki. Unlike his younger brother, another member of the Bunin family, Yuli, is studying at the university. But after spending a year in prison, he was also sent to the village of Ozerki, where he became Ivan’s teacher, teaching him many sciences. The brothers were especially fond of literature. The debut in the newspaper took place in 1887. Two years later, due to the need to earn money, Ivan Bunin leaves home. Modest positions as a newspaper employee, extra, librarian, and proofreader brought in a small income for subsistence. He often had to change his place of residence - Orel, Moscow, Kharkov, Poltava were his temporary homeland.

Thoughts about his native Oryol region did not leave the writer. His impressions were reflected in his first collection entitled “Poems,” which was published in 1891. Bunin was particularly impressed by his meeting with the famous writer Leo Tolstoy 3 years after the release of “Poems”. Next year He remembered it as the year he met A. Chekhov; before that, Bunin had only corresponded with him. Bunin's story “To the End of the World” (1895) was well received by critics. After which he decides to devote himself to this art. The subsequent years of Ivan Bunin's life are completely connected with literature. Thanks to his collections “Under the Open Air” and “Leaf Fall”, in 1903 the writer became the winner of the Pushkin Prize (this prize was awarded to him twice). The marriage to Anna Tsakni, which took place in 1898, did not last long; their only 5-year-old child dies. Afterwards he lives with V. Muromtseva.

In the period from 1900 to 1904, many beloved famous stories: “Chernozem”, “Antonov apples”, no less significant “Pines” and “New Road”. These works made an indelible impression on Maxim Gorky, who highly appreciated the writer’s work, calling him the best stylist of our time. Readers especially loved the story “The Village”.

In 1909, the Russian Academy of Sciences acquired a new honorary member. Ivan Alekseevich rightfully became it. Bunin could not accept October Revolution, spoke sharply and negatively about Bolshevism. Historical events in his homeland force him to leave his country. His path lay to France. Crossing Crimea and Constantinople, the writer decides to stop in Paris. In a foreign land, all his thoughts are about his homeland, Russian people, natural beauty. Active literary activity resulted in significant works: "Lapti", "Mitya's Love", "Mowers", "Distant", short story " Dark alleys", in the novel "The Life of Arsenyev", written in 1930, he talks about his childhood and youth. These works were called the best in Bunin's work.

Three years later, another significant event occurred in his life - Ivan Bunin was awarded an honorary Nobel Prize. were written abroad famous books about Leo Tolstoy and Anton Chekhov. One of his appeared in France latest books"Memories". Ivan Bunin survived historical events in Paris - an attack by the fascist army, I saw their defeat. Active activities made him one of the most important figures of the Russian Abroad. The date of death of the famous writer is November 8, 1953.

Biography by dates and interesting facts. The most important.

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The name of the writer Ivan Bunin is well known not only in Russia, but also far beyond its borders. Thanks to his own works, the first Russian laureate in the field of literature earned world fame during his lifetime! To better understand what guided this person when creating your unique masterpieces, you should study the biography of Ivan Bunin and his view on many things in life.

Brief biographical sketches from early childhood

The future was born great writer back in 1870, October 22. Voronezh became his homeland. Bunin's family was not rich: his father became an impoverished landowner, so from early childhood little Vanya experienced many material deprivations.

The biography of Ivan Bunin is very unusual, and this was evident from the very early period of his life. Even in his childhood, he was very proud of the fact that he was born into a noble family. At the same time, Vanya tried not to focus on material difficulties.

As the biography of Ivan Bunin testifies, in 1881 he entered first grade. Ivan Alekseevich began his schooling at the Yeletsk gymnasium. However, due to severe financial situation His parents were forced to leave school already in 1886 and continue to learn the basics of science at home. It is thanks to homeschooling that young Vanya gets acquainted with the works of such famous writers as Koltsov A.V. and Nikitin I.S.

A number of interesting entertaining facts about the beginning of Bunin’s creative career

Ivan Bunin began writing his very first poems at the age of 17. It was then that his creative debut took place, which turned out to be very successful. It is not for nothing that printed publications published the works of the young author. But it’s unlikely that their editors could have imagined then how stunning successes in the field of literature awaited Bunin in the future!

At the age of 19, Ivan Alekseevich moved to Orel and got a job at a newspaper with the eloquent name “Orlovskiy Vestnik”.

In 1903 and 1909, Ivan Bunin, whose biography is presented to the reader in the article, was awarded the Pushkin Prize. And on November 1, 1909, he was elected an honorary academician to the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, which specialized in refined literature.

Important events from your personal life

The personal life of Ivan Bunin is replete with many interesting moments, which you should pay attention to. In the life of the great writer there were 4 women for whom he had tender feelings. And each of them played a certain role in his fate! Let's pay attention to each of them:

1. Varvara Pashchenko - Ivan Alekseevich Bunin met her at the age of 19. This happened in the building of the editorial office of the Orlovsky Vestnik newspaper. But with Varvara, who was one year older than him, Ivan Alekseevich lived in a civil marriage. Difficulties in their relationship began due to the fact that Bunin simply could not provide her with the material standard of living that she was striving for. As a result of this, Varvara Pashchenko cheated on him with a wealthy landowner.
2. Anna Tsakni in 1898 became the legal wife of the famous Russian writer. He met her in Odessa while on vacation and was simply struck by her natural beauty. However family life quickly cracked due to the fact that Anna Tsakni always dreamed of returning to hometown- Odessa. Therefore, the entire life of Moscow was a burden for her, and she accused her husband of indifference to her and callousness.
3. Vera Muromtseva is the beloved woman of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, with whom he lived the longest - 46 years. They formalized their relationship only in 1922 - 16 years after they met. And Ivan Alekseevich met his future wife in 1906, during the literary evening. After the wedding, the writer and his wife moved to live in the southern part of France.
4. Galina Kuznetsova lived next to the writer’s wife, Vera Muromtseva, and was not at all embarrassed by this fact, just like Ivan Alekseevich’s wife herself. In total, she lived for 10 years in a French villa.

The writer's political views

The political views of many people had a significant influence on public opinion. Therefore, certain newspaper publications devoted a lot of time to them.

Even despite the fact that to a greater extent Ivan Alekseevich had to deal own creativity outside of Russia, he always loved his homeland and understood the meaning of the word “patriot”. However, belonging to any particular party was alien to Bunin. But in one of his interviews, the writer once said that the idea of ​​a social democratic system was closer to his spirit.

Personal life tragedy

In 1905, Ivan Alekseevich Bunin suffered a grave grief: his son Nikolai, whom Anna Tsakni gave birth to, died. This fact can definitely be attributed to the writer’s personal life tragedy. However, as follows from the biography, Ivan Bunin held firm, was able to endure the pain of loss and, despite such a sad event, give the whole world many literary “pearls”! What else is known about the life of the Russian classic?

Ivan Bunin: interesting facts from life

Bunin very much regretted that he graduated from only 4 classes of the gymnasium and could not receive a systematic education. But this fact did not at all prevent him from leaving a significant mark on the literary world.

Ivan Alekseevich had to stay in exile for a long period of time. And all this time he dreamed of returning to his homeland. Bunin cherished this dream virtually until his death, but it remained unfulfilled.

At the age of 17, when he wrote his first poem, Ivan Bunin tried to imitate his great predecessors - Pushkin and Lermontov. Perhaps their work had a great influence on the young writer and became an incentive to create his own works.

Nowadays, few people know that early childhood writer Ivan Bunin was poisoned by henbane. Then he was saved from certain death by his nanny, who gave little Vanya milk in time.

The writer tried to determine the appearance of a person by his limbs, as well as the back of his head.

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin was passionate about collecting various boxes and bottles. At the same time, he fiercely protected all his “exhibits” for many years!

These and other interesting facts characterize Bunin as an extraordinary personality, capable of not only realizing his talent in the field of literature, but also taking an active part in many fields of activity.

Famous collections and works of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin

The largest works that Ivan Bunin managed to write in his life were the stories “Mitina’s Love”, “Village”, “Sukhodol”, as well as the novel “The Life of Arsenyev”. It was for the novel that Ivan Alekseevich was awarded the Nobel Prize.

The collection of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin “Dark Alleys” is very interesting for the reader. It contains stories that touch on the theme of love. The writer worked on them from 1937 to 1945, that is, precisely when he was in exile.

Samples of Ivan Bunin’s creativity, which are included in the collection “ Damned days" It describes the revolutionary events of 1917 and the entire historical aspect that they carried within them.

Popular poems by Ivan Alekseevich Bunin

In each of his poems, Bunin clearly expressed certain thoughts. For example, in famous work“Childhood” the reader gets acquainted with the thoughts of a child regarding the world around him. A ten-year-old boy reflects on how majestic nature is around him and how small and insignificant he is in this universe.

In the poem “Night and Day” the poet masterfully describes different times day and emphasizes that everything is gradually changing in human life, and only God remains eternal.

Nature is interestingly described in the work “Rafts,” as well as the hard work of those who every day transport people to the opposite bank of the river.

Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize was awarded to Ivan Bunin for the novel “The Life of Arsenyev” he wrote, which actually told about the life of the writer himself. Despite the fact that this book was published in 1930, in it Ivan Alekseevich tried to “pour out his soul” and his feelings about certain life situations.

Officially, the Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Bunin on December 10, 1933 - that is, 3 years after his publication. famous novel. He received this honorary award from the hands of the Swedish king Gustav V himself.

It is noteworthy that for the first time in history, the Nobel Prize was awarded to a person who was officially in exile. Until this moment, not a single genius who became its owner had been in exile. Ivan Alekseevich Bunin became precisely this “pioneer”, whom the world literary community noted with such a valuable encouragement.

In total, the Nobel Prize laureates received 715,000 francs in cash. It would seem a very impressive amount. But it was quickly squandered by the writer Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, as he rendered financial assistance Russian emigrants, who bombarded him with many different letters.

Death of a Writer

Death came to Ivan Bunin quite unexpectedly. His heart stopped while he was sleeping, and this sad event happened on November 8, 1953. It was on this day that Ivan Alekseevich was in Paris and could not even imagine his imminent death.

Bunin probably dreamed of living long and one day dying in native land, among his loved ones and large quantity friends. But fate decreed somewhat differently, as a result of which the writer spent most of his life in exile. However, thanks to his unsurpassed creativity, he virtually ensured immortality for his name. The literary masterpieces written by Bunin will be remembered by many generations of people. Creative person, like him, gains world fame and becomes a historical reflection of the era in which she worked!

Ivan Bunin was buried in one of the cemeteries in France (Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois). So rich and interesting biography Ivan Bunin. What is his role in world literature?

The role of Bunin in world literature

We can safely say that Ivan Bunin (1870-1953) left a noticeable mark on world literature. Thanks to such virtues as ingenuity and verbal sensitivity, which the poet possessed, he was excellent at creating the most suitable literary images in his works.

By nature, Ivan Alekseevich Bunin was a realist, but despite this, he skillfully supplemented his stories with something fascinating and unusual. The uniqueness of Ivan Alekseevich lay in the fact that he did not consider himself to be a member of any well-known literary group or “trend” that was fundamental in its views.

All of Bunin’s best stories were dedicated to Russia and told about everything that connected the writer with it. Perhaps it was precisely because of these facts that Ivan Alekseevich’s stories were very popular among Russian readers.

Unfortunately, Bunin's work has not been fully studied by our contemporaries. Scientific research the writer's language and style are still to come. His influence on Russian literature of the 20th century has not yet been revealed, perhaps because, like Pushkin, Ivan Alekseevich is unique. There is a way out of this situation: turning again and again to Bunin’s texts, to documents, archives, and contemporaries’ memories of him.

November 10, 1933 – Ivan Bunin became a Nobel Prize laureate

Works of Ivan Bunin for a long time was banned in the USSR. His literary work was recognized only abroad, as evidenced by the writer receiving the Nobel Prize.

On November 10, 1933, the Russian writer Ivan Bunin, who was forced to leave the capital due to the revolutionary events in October 1917 and opposition to them, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Prize for Recreating Russian Character

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin did not hide his hatred of the Bolshevik regime, and therefore in 1918 he was forced to leave Moscow. His long haul emigration began in Odessa and ended in France, on the Riviera.
Bunin did not stop his literary activity Abroad. In 1922, he was first nominated for the Nobel Prize. The initiator was Romain Rolland, who revered the work of the Russian counter-revolutionary writer. Bunin failed to receive the distinction; he was beaten by the Irish poet Yeats. Only 11 years later Ivan Alekseevich became the owner coveted prize on literature.
The day Bunin was awarded the prize in Paris became a real holiday for Russian emigrants. The writer learned about the invitation to Stockholm at a movie screening where an entertaining film was shown. Having found Bunin in the hall, he was called to the telephone to talk with the capital of Sweden.
This day became, according to Ivan Alekseevich’s diary, a turning point, he realized that new page life. He believed that he had received a reward for his best work- "The Life of Arsenyev."
The trip to Sweden was exciting. After a speech by the writer Per Hallström, Bunin was invited to the stage and, to a storm of applause, was presented with a medal, a Nobel diploma and a check for a large sum.
Along with recognition came material wealth. 715 thousand francs - this was the amount of the cash bonus paid. Most Bunin gave to charity, considering it his duty to help those in need. On the advice of his comrades, he invested the other part “into a business” that failed.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin never returned to his homeland. Russia remained closed to him forever. In 1953, the Russian writer was buried in France.