Draw different mushrooms with inscriptions children. How to draw mushrooms

Picking mushrooms is a fascinating activity. Chanterelles, boletus, boletus, milk mushrooms. There are all sorts of mushrooms, but the king of all mushrooms is considered to be the White mushroom, with a thick white stem and a wide brown cap. If you like not only picking mushrooms, but also drawing, then let's try it together draw mushrooms, more precisely, we will draw a white mushroom. Let's draw a mushroom step by step with a simple pencil, but in the last step you can color the mushroom drawing with paints or colored pencils. And if you draw leaves and grass nearby, the picture of the mushroom will be very beautiful and attractive.

1. Let's mark the mushroom stem

First, draw just two circles for the mushroom stem. Circles will help you continue to accurately maintain correct proportions in the drawing porcini mushroom.

2. Add a cap to the leg

Draw two “ears” next to the leg, like Cheburashka’s. They will help you draw a mushroom cap. Add a “flattened” oval at the base of the leg. Mushrooms are not perfectly straight, their legs are curved, their caps are wrinkled, so in order to draw a realistic mushroom, you need to take these “little things” into account.

3. How to draw the general outline of a mushroom

You see how easy it is to draw the shape of a mushroom when you have geometric guidelines. All you have to do is draw a pencil, almost an arbitrary line, around these “circles” and you will get a real porcini mushroom.

4. Drawing of a porcini mushroom in detail

Before draw a mushroom in more detail, remove unnecessary contours from the drawing. Completely shape the hat and draw the edge of the hat with two lines. All the beauty of the porcini mushroom is in its contrasting cap. It is white inside and brown on top. The gap at the edge of the cap will only emphasize this effect.

5. How to draw a mushroom. Final stage

You see how easy it is to draw mushrooms if you draw them step by step. Total how much simple steps and you are already preparing to paint over the drawing with paints or pencils. The mushroom drawing looks very impressive using the technique of applying shadows with a pencil. If you think so too, you can simply shade the mushroom with a soft simple pencil, as in my drawing.

6. Drawing of a mushroom. Surrounding landscape

Small growing mushrooms, yellowed leaves, grass, twigs drawn around. They will make the drawing more attractive and realistic. If you were able to draw a mushroom beautifully and correctly, try to continue the drawing and draw the surrounding landscape. You can even draw a hedgehog next to the mushrooms. These animals love to collect mushrooms, storing them for the winter.

Many mushrooms grow in birch forests; you can draw a birch tree like this next to the mushrooms.

Not only people collect mushrooms, but some animals too. The squirrel prepares a whole warehouse of dried mushrooms for the winter.

Next to the mushrooms you can draw fallen tree leaves, a hedgehog or a squirrel. The mushroom drawing will become more picturesque and realistic.

Mushrooms grow in shady places, but not under any tree. Even the name of the mushroom often indicates this: boletus, boletus. A lot of mushrooms grow in spruce forests.

When preparing food supplies for the winter, the hedgehog pricks mushrooms and apples on its needles and transports them in this way. Good story if you are going draw mushrooms.

To make your mushroom drawing more attractive, draw a butterfly perched on the mushroom cap. True, butterflies usually prefer flowers instead of mushrooms, but for the sake of beautiful drawing A slight inaccuracy may be allowed.

This Christmas tree drawing is for New Year pictures or postcards. But it can be used to draw mushrooms, since many mushrooms, especially porcini mushrooms, “love” to grow in pine forest, sometimes forming entire mushroom glades.

Bright pictures with mushrooms, a story about each mushroom and coloring pages with mushrooms. Studying amazing world surrounding nature, don’t forget to tell your children more about mushrooms -

unique inhabitants of the natural world, occupying a middle position between the animal and plant kingdoms.

Lesson on the topic “Mushrooms” - we think, reason, find out

If you ask kids which group mushrooms belong to, they will no doubt answer – plants.

The following arguments can be given as evidence:

• sedentary lifestyle;
• passive nutrition (substances dissolved in water).

This is where you can give them a surprise by telling them that the structure of a fungal cell is more reminiscent of an animal cell - for example, a beetle or a scorpion, since it is covered with a chitinous (shell) shell. In addition, mushrooms cannot produce their own nutrients when exposed to sunlight, as plants do, which means this also serves as a distinguishing feature.

Ask the kids: where can you most often find a mushroom in the forest? Of course, under the tree. It is not for nothing that many mushrooms get their names from the names of their best friends - the trees under which they grow (aspen, birch). What explains this proximity? Just because mushrooms cannot provide themselves with all the necessary substances, as plants do. Therefore, many of them try to make friends with trees in order to get the products they lack through their roots.

Let's think about what large groups are all mushrooms divided into? Of course, there are edible mushrooms and non-edible mushrooms.

Let the children remember the most famous representatives of each group, and you help them, armed in advance with photo cards depicting mushrooms.

For better assimilation and greater clarity, attach cards with the name of the group on the board or table: “Edible mushrooms” and “Not edible mushrooms" After discussion, send each picture to the appropriate group. At the same time, it is better to study twin mushrooms in parallel, this will teach kids to be careful in the process of collecting them.

The video presentation “Edible Mushrooms” will help you in studying edible mushrooms:

Cards with images of mushrooms

As a rule, children know the following types:

Champignon. This mushroom is specially grown in greenhouses, since, unlike many of its fellows, it does not need proximity to trees. What two distinctive features of champignon do you need to remember? The first is the pink or dark brown color of the plates under the cap. The second is the reddish or yellow tint of the mushroom pulp. And, of course, you need to remember the unique aroma of this mushroom, which cannot be confused with anything else if you inhale it at least once.

Let us immediately remember what is the name of the double of this noble mushroom? Of course, the pale grebe. We look at her image and look for distinctive features. The most observant will be able to note:

• white color of the plates under the cap;
• the presence of a specific sac at the base of the mushroom stalk.

We add that the flesh of the pale toadstool always remains pale when cut, which is why this mushroom got its name.

Russula. This mushroom is distinguished by the brightness and variety of colors of its cap. It differs from toadstools in its thick stem, fleshy cap and fragile flesh. And it owes its name to the fact that it does not require long cooking, since it does not contain harmful substances.

Boletus. One of prominent representatives union of mushrooms with trees. It is distinguished by the unusual (speckled) color of its stem and the tubular structure of its cap.

Boletus. From its name it is clear that this mushroom is especially friendly with aspen. And his cap is bright red - the same as aspen leaves in autumn.

Camelina differs from other mushrooms not only in its color, but also in the fact that its cut acquires a blue tint over time.

Honey mushrooms. Friendly mushrooms that grow on the stumps of cut down or dead trees. One of the latest mushrooms, appearing only at the beginning of autumn.

Butter. Unusual mushrooms growing in coniferous forests. Their cap is covered with a layer of oily liquid, which is how they got their name.

Milk mushroom. Everyone's favorite, the king of salted mushrooms. Is different unusual shape and a short leg. It is found in two types - wet (its surface is covered with fringe and slightly damp) and dry - with a smooth cap.

White mushroom, boletus. A noble representative of his species. It has a very thick, fleshy light leg and a cap with a tubular bottom structure.

Chanterelles. Unusual red mushrooms, in which the stem smoothly turns into a cap with a wavy edge.

Speaking of chanterelles, you immediately need to remember their dangerous counterpart - false chanterelles, and pay attention to their differences from real ones: unpleasant smell, bright color (with a reddish tint), smooth edges of the cap.

Let us immediately remember the most famous non-edible mushroom -. Let's discuss where this name could come from. Children remember the fact that fly agaric is very dangerous for various insects, and our ancestors placed its mushrooms on the windows to prevent flies from flying into the house.

Every kid knows what this mushroom looks like, its color is so unique. Children will also be interested to know that the fly agaric cap can be not only red, but also brown or yellow.

And finally, let's remember another unusual representative of the mushroom kingdom - the truffle. This delicious mushroom grows in deciduous forests, and under a layer of soil. Therefore, to extract it they use various ways. Pigs and specially trained dogs are especially good at finding truffles.

For greater clarity, we use a poster depicting all common edible and non-edible mushrooms, among which we find familiar ones, and also study previously unseen mushrooms.

Through a poster on which images of mushrooms are drawn, we smoothly move on to the next, reinforcing part of the lesson - pictures with mushrooms. Some of them display the main features of each mushroom, making it recognizable. On others we see general outlines mushrooms You can offer your kids riddles or poems about mushrooms that match the pictures.

A picture for children of a mushroom (poems about mushrooms, riddles about mushrooms) are used to consolidate knowledge of the names of the main parts of the mushroom; with the help of them we try to remember how and in what parts, as well as in their characteristic habitat, the mushrooms that we studied today differ from each other.

Riddles about mushrooms

For example, you can offer the following poems and riddles:

My hat -

Where the needles are.

Glistens in the sun

It slips in your hands. (oiler)

With a thick leg, small,

He hid in the moss... (boletus).

If I get into the basket -

You will have a supply for the winter.

I taste very good!

Did you guess it? This is... (milk).

They lead a friendly round dance

Red sisters.

Everyone will immediately understand:

In front of him... (chanterelles).

Sits bravely on a stump

A bunch of brave guys.

Everyone can easily recognize them:

Who doesn’t know about….(again)?

All shades and colors

Those mushrooms have caps.

Collect them without haste,

Very fragile...(russula).

Look at the video riddles about mushrooms:

As a conclusion to the lesson, to include motor memory in the work, in the final part we invite the kids to work with coloring. The mushroom coloring page puts kids in a calm mood.

Mushroom coloring pages

At the end of the work, you need to consider all the results and even make an impromptu exhibition of mushrooms painted in bright colors.

Presentation of “mushrooms for children” on video:

Pictures with mushrooms

Some people might find pictures with funny mushroom houses useful.

The best way to independently learn to recognize edible and inedible mushrooms is to familiarize yourself with their names, descriptions and photos. Of course, it is better if you walk through the forest several times with an experienced mushroom picker, or show your catch at home, but everyone needs to learn to distinguish between real and false mushrooms.

You will find the names of mushrooms in alphabetical order, their descriptions and photos in this article, which you can later use as a guide to mushroom growing.

Types of mushrooms

The species diversity of fungi is very wide, so there is a strict classification of these forest inhabitants (Figure 1).

So, according to edibility they are divided into:

• Edible (white, boletus, champignon, chanterelle, etc.);
• Conditionally edible (dubovik, greenfinch, veselka, milk mushroom, line);
• Poisonous (satanic, toadstool, fly agaric).

In addition, they are usually divided according to the type of bottom of the cap. According to this classification, they are tubular (outwardly reminiscent of a porous sponge) and lamellar (plates are clearly visible on the inside of the cap). The first group includes boletus, boletus, boletus and aspen. The second includes saffron milk caps, milk mushrooms, chanterelles, honey mushrooms and russula. Morels are considered a separate group, which includes morels and truffles.

It is also customary to divide them according to nutritional value. According to this classification, they are of four types:

Since there are so many types, we will give the names of the most popular ones with their pictures. The best edible mushrooms with photos and names are given in the video.

Edible mushrooms: photos and names

Edible varieties include those that can be freely eaten fresh, dried and boiled. They have high taste qualities, and you can distinguish an edible specimen from an inedible one in the forest by the color and shape of the fruiting body, smell and some characteristic features.

We offer a list of the most popular edible mushrooms with photos and names(Figure 2 and 3):

• White mushroom (boletus)- the most valuable find for a mushroom picker. It has a massive light stem, and the color of the cap can vary from cream to dark brown, depending on the region of growth. When broken, the flesh does not change color and has a light nutty aroma. It comes in several types: birch, pine and oak. They are all similar in external characteristics and are suitable for food.
• Oyster mushroom: royal, pulmonary, carob and lemon, grows mainly on trees. Moreover, you can collect it not only in the forest, but also at home, by sowing the mycelium on logs or stumps.
• Volnushki, white and pink, have a cap pressed in the center, the diameter of which can reach 8 cm. The volushka has a sweet, pleasant smell, and at the break the fruiting body begins to secrete sticky sticky juice. They can be found not only in the forest, but also in open areas.
• Chanterelles- most often they are bright yellow, but there are also light-colored species (white chanterelle). They have a cylindrical leg that expands upward, and the cap does not correct form, slightly pressed into the middle.
• Oiler There are also several types (real, cedar, deciduous, grainy, white, yellow-brown, painted, red-red, red, gray, etc.). The most common is considered to be the true oiler, which grows on sandy soils in deciduous forests. The cap is flat, with a small tubercle in the middle, and characteristic feature- slimy skin that is easily separated from the pulp.
• Honey mushrooms, meadow, autumn, summer and winter, belong to edible varieties that are very easy to collect, as they grow in large colonies on tree trunks and stumps. The color of honey mushroom may vary depending on the region of growth and species, but, as a rule, its shade varies from cream to light brown. Feature edible honey mushrooms - the presence of a ring on the stem, which false doubles do not have.
• Boletus belong to the tubular family: they have a thick stem and a regularly shaped cap, the color of which differs depending on the species from cream to yellow and dark brown.
• Saffron milk caps- bright, beautiful and tasty, which can be found in coniferous forests. The hat is regular in shape, flat or funnel-shaped. The stem is cylindrical and dense, matching the color of the cap. The pulp is orange, but in the air it quickly turns green and begins to secrete juice with a pronounced smell of pine resin. The smell is pleasant, and the taste of its flesh is slightly spicy.

Edible varieties also include champignons, shiitake, russula, truffles and many other species that are not so much of interest to mushroom pickers. However, it should be remembered that almost every edible variety has a poisonous counterpart, the names and features of which we will consider below.

Conditionally edible

There are slightly fewer conditionally edible varieties, and they are suitable for consumption only after special heat treatment. Depending on the variety, it must either be boiled for a long time, periodically changing the water, or simply soaked in clean water, squeeze and cook.

The most popular conditionally edible varieties include(Figure 4):

1. Gruzd- a variety with dense pulp, which is quite suitable for consumption, although in Western countries milk mushrooms are considered inedible. They are usually soaked to remove bitterness, then salted and pickled.
2. Row green (greenfinch) distinctly different from others green legs and caps, which is preserved even after heat treatment.
3. Morels- conditionally edible specimens with an unusual cap shape and a thick stem. It is recommended to eat them only after careful heat treatment.

Some types of truffles, russula and fly agarics are also classified as conditionally edible. But there is one thing important rule, which should be followed when collecting any mushrooms, including conditionally edible ones: if you have even slight doubts about edibility, it is better to leave the catch in the forest.

Inedible mushrooms: photos and names

Inedible species are those that are not eaten due to health hazards, poor taste and too hard flesh. Many members of this category are completely poisonous (lethal) to humans, while others can cause hallucinations or mild illness.

It is worth avoiding such inedible specimens(with photos and names in Figure 5):

1. Death cap- the most dangerous inhabitant of the forest, since even a small part of it can cause death. Despite the fact that it grows in almost all forests, it is quite difficult to meet. Outwardly, it is absolutely proportional and very attractive: young specimens have a spherical cap with a slight greenish tint; with age it turns white and elongates. Pale toadstools are often confused with young floats (conditionally edible mushrooms), champignons and russula, and since one large specimen can easily poison several adults, if there is the slightest doubt, it is better not to put a suspicious or dubious specimen in the basket.
2. Red fly agaric, is probably familiar to everyone. It is very beautiful, with a bright red cap covered with white spots. Can grow either singly or in groups.
3. Satanic- one of the most common doubles of the porcini mushroom. It can be easily distinguished by its light cap and brightly colored stem, which is not typical for boletus mushrooms.

In fact, every edible doppelgänger has a false doppelgänger that masquerades as the real one and can end up in the basket of an inexperienced silent hunter. But, in fact, the biggest mortal danger represents the pale grebe.

Note: Not only the fruiting bodies of toadstools themselves are considered poisonous, but even their mycelium and spores, so it is strictly forbidden to even put them in a basket.

Most inedible varieties cause abdominal pain and symptoms of severe poisoning, and the person only needs medical attention. In addition, many inedible varieties are distinguished by their unattractive appearance and poor taste, so they can only be eaten by accident. However, you should always be aware of the danger of poisoning, and carefully review all the loot you bring from the forest.

The most dangerous inedible mushrooms are described in detail in the video.

The main difference between hallucinogenic drugs and other types is that they have a psychotropic effect. Their action is in many ways similar to narcotic substances, therefore their intentional collection and use is punishable by criminal liability.

Common hallucinogenic varieties include(Figure 6):

1. Fly agaric red- a common inhabitant of deciduous forests. In ancient times, tinctures and decoctions from it were used as an antiseptic, immunomodulatory agent and intoxicant for various rituals among the peoples of Siberia. However, it is not recommended to eat it, not so much because of the hallucination effect, but because of severe poisoning.
2. Stropharia shit got its name from the fact that it grows directly on piles of feces. Representatives of the variety are small, with brown caps, sometimes with a shiny and sticky surface.
3. Paneolus campanulata (bell-shaped asshole) also grows mainly on soils fertilized with manure, but can also be found simply on swampy plains. The color of the cap and stem is from white to gray, the flesh is gray.
4. Stropharia blue-green prefers tree stumps coniferous trees, growing on them singly or in groups. You won't be able to eat it by accident, as it has a very unpleasant taste. In Europe, this stropharia is considered edible and is even bred on farms, while in the USA it is considered poisonous due to several deaths.

Most hallucinogenic species grow in places where edible species simply will not take root (overly swampy soils, completely rotten tree stumps and piles of manure). In addition, they are small, mostly on thin legs, so it is difficult to confuse them with edible ones.

Poisonous mushrooms: photos and names

All poisonous varieties are in one way or another similar to edible ones (Figure 7). Even the deadly pale grebe, especially young specimens, can be confused with russula.

For example, there are several boletus doubles - Le Gal boletus, beautiful and purple, which differ from the real ones by the too bright color of the stem or cap, as well as the unpleasant smell of the pulp. There are also varieties that are easily confused with honey mushrooms or russula (for example, fiber and govorushka). Gall is similar to white, but its pulp has a very bitter taste.

There are also poisonous doubles of honey mushrooms, which differ from the real ones in the absence of a leathery skirt on the leg. Poisonous varieties include fly agarics: toadstool, panther, red, royal, stinking and white. Cobwebs are easily disguised as russula, saffron milk caps or boletuses.

There are several types of poisonous champignons. For example, the yellow-skinned one is easy to confuse with a regular edible specimen, but when cooked it gives off a pronounced unpleasant odor.

Unusual mushrooms of the world: names

Despite the fact that Russia is truly a mushroom country, very unusual specimens can be found not only here, but throughout the world.

We offer you several options for unusual edible and poisonous varieties with photos and names(Figure 8):

1. Blue- bright azure color. Found in India and New Zealand. Despite the fact that its toxicity has been little studied, it is not recommended to eat it.
2. Bleeding tooth- a very bitter variety that is theoretically edible but unappealing appearance and poor taste make it unfit for food. Found in North America, Iran, Korea and some European countries.
3. bird's Nest- an unusual New Zealand variety that really resembles a bird’s nest in shape. Inside the fruiting body there are spores that spread around under the influence of rainwater.
4. Comb blackberry also found in Russia. Its taste is similar to shrimp meat, and its appearance resembles a shaggy heap. Unfortunately, it is rare and is listed in the Red Book, so it is grown mainly artificially.
5. Giant golovach - distant relative champignon. It is also edible, but only young specimens with white flesh. Found everywhere in deciduous forests, fields and meadows.
6. Devil's Cigar- not only very beautiful, but also a rare variety that is found only in Texas and several regions of Japan.

Another unusual representative is the cerebral tremors, which is found mainly in temperate climates. You cannot eat it, as it is deadly poisonous. We have provided a far from complete list of unusual varieties, since specimens of strange shape and color are found all over the world. Unfortunately, most of them are inedible.

An overview of unusual mushrooms of the world is given in the video.

Plate and tubular: names

All mushrooms are divided into lamellar and tubular, depending on the type of pulp on the cap. If it resembles a sponge, it is tubular, and if stripes are visible under the cap, then it is plate-like.

The most well-known representative tubular is considered white, but this group also includes boletus, boletus and boletus. Perhaps everyone has seen the lamellar one: it is the most common champignon, but it is among the lamellar varieties that there are the most poisonous ones. Among the edible representatives are russula, saffron milk caps, honey mushrooms and chanterelles.

Number of mushroom species on earth

All mushrooms are united in a kingdom, and if so, then they should have a king. Among forest mushrooms, the main thing is considered porcini mushroom and his throne can most often be found under a pine tree.

Over thousands of years, the rest of the mushrooms also managed to choose a suitable place of residence, so now each mushroom has its own favorite tree.

• Saffron milk caps prefer to hide in spruce and pine forests.
• Butterflies also love coniferous thickets.
• Boletus mushrooms grow in clearings and lawns, under slender birch trees. They are sociable companions and rarely meet alone.
• Aspen trees hospitably give shelter to boletuses.
• Honey mushroom guys love to sit on tree stumps.
• Chanterelles hide their red ears in soft grass at the edge of mixed forests.
• Dubovik thrives in oak groves.
• Russulas like deciduous trees.
• Champignons are the most demanding mushrooms. They need an environment rich in fertilizer.

Images of all these mushrooms can be printed for free or downloaded from our collection black and white pictures for babies.

“They take every mushroom in their hands, but not everyone puts it in the back,” says popular wisdom.

Some mushrooms are not just harmful, but even dangerous! The most honest of them is the fly agaric. It is so bright that it seems to warn a person - “don’t touch me!”

But the rest are very cunning and try their best to pretend to be edible. They are called “false”. False chanterelles, honey mushrooms, boletus mushrooms, butter mushrooms, champignons - almost every noble mushroom has its own werewolf!

Therefore, in order not to accidentally get poisoned, you will have to get acquainted with poisonous mushrooms too. After all, who knows when they will want to jump into our basket?!

Mushroom coloring pages for children on our website are a completely safe opportunity to begin to navigate the diversity of the mushroom world.