Post-war life of Andrei Sokolov. Essay “Andrey Sokolov

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✪ I don’t have a snack after the first glass.

✪ “The Fate of Man” Andrey Sokolov and Vanyusha

✪ “The Fate of Man” by M. Sholokhov. Analysis of the 1st part of the story.

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Biography

Born in the Voronezh province in 1900. During the Civil War he served in the army, in the Kikvidze division. In 1922, he went to Kuban “to fight against the kulaks, which is why he remained alive.” Andrei's father, mother and sister died of hunger. In 1923, he sold the house and left for Voronezh. He worked as a carpenter, then got a job as a mechanic at a factory. He met Irina, who was brought up in an orphanage, and married her. Until the end of his life he loved his wife very much. Soon the Sokolovs had a son, Anatoly, and a year later, two daughters: Anastasia and Olga. Sokolov stopped drinking. In 1929, Sokolov became interested in cars. He studied driving, got a job as a truck driver, and decided not to return to the factory. It worked like this until 1939. All the children studied excellently. On June 23, 1941, Sokolov was called up to the front. Already on June 24 he was taken to the train.

Sokolov was formed under the White Church, he received a ZIS-5. Was wounded twice. He was captured near Lozovenki in May 1942 while trying to smuggle shells for an artillery unit. His car was blown up. He lost consciousness and ended up in the rear of the German army, where he was captured. In the face of death, he did not lose heart and did not show fear to the enemy. Soon Andrei was brought to Poznan and settled in a camp. There, while digging graves for his dead compatriots, Andrei tried to escape. The escape was unsuccessful: detective dogs found Sokolov in the field. He was very badly beaten and bitten. For escaping, Andrei ended up in a camp punishment cell for a month.

Sokolov was transferred around Germany for a long time. He worked in Saxony in a silicate plant, in the Ruhr region in a coal mine, in Bavaria in earthworks, in Thuringia and in many other places. All prisoners of war were constantly and mercilessly beaten with anything. The food was very bad. Sokolov, from 84 kg, had already lost weight to less than 50 kg by the autumn of 1942.

In September, Andrei, among 142 Soviet prisoners of war, was transferred from the camp near Küstrin to the B-14 camp near Dresden. In total there were about 2,000 Soviet prisoners there. In two months, out of 142 people in Andreev’s echelon, 57 remained. One evening in his barracks, cold and wet, Andrei said: “They need four cubic meters of production, but for the grave of each of us, one cubic meter through the eyes is enough.”.

A traitor was found who reported this statement to management. Andrei was summoned to the camp commandant Müller. He promised to shoot Sokolov personally for these bitter words. Sokolov was pardoned for his courage. 300 of the strongest prisoners were sent to drain the swamps, then to the Ruhr region to work in the mines.

Then Andrei was appointed driver of a German major. Soon he fled by car and took the major with him.

I wrote a letter to Irina immediately after the meeting with the command. He described everything, even boasted that the colonel had promised to put him up for a reward. But in response, a letter came from a neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich.

Having received a month's leave, Andrei immediately headed to Voronezh. I saw a crater overgrown with weeds at the site of my house. He immediately returned to the front. But soon he received a letter from his son, which restored his stamina and desire to live.

But on the last day of the war, Anatoly Sokolov was shot by a German sniper.

Heartbroken, Andrei returned to Russia, but went not to Voronezh, but to Uryupinsk to visit a demobilized friend. Started working as a driver. He met the homeless orphan Vanya, whose mother was killed by a bomb and whose father died at the front, and adopted him, telling the boy that he was his father.

Shortly after this I had an accident. He himself was not injured, but was deprived of his driver's license. On the advice of a friend, he decided to move to another area, where they promised to restore his rights. While walking, the author meets him, to whom Sokolov tells the story of his life (in the spring of 1946).

The story “The Fate of Man” has no continuation, so further fate hero is unknown.

Analysis

Naum Leiderman believes that the main features of Andrei Sokolov are his fatherhood and soldiering. Andrei Sokolov is a tragic character who managed to maintain his fortitude despite being seriously wounded, captivity, escape, the death of his family, and, finally, the death of his son on May 9, 1945. A. B. Galkin compares his fate with the story of the book of Job. Sholokhov scholar Viktor Vasilyevich Petelin in the book “Mikhail Sholokhov: Pages of Life and Creativity”, M., 1986, P.13) wrote: “In tragic image Andrei Sokolov Sholokhov saw a man-fighter with titanic spiritual strength, who has experienced and experienced a lot, broken by painful sufferings that left an indelible mark on his soul.”

The name of M. A. Sholokhov is known to all mankind. In the early spring of 1946, that is, in the first post-war spring, I accidentally met M. A. Sholokhov on the road unknown person and heard his confession story. For ten years the writer nurtured the idea of ​​the work, events faded into the past, and the need to speak out increased. And so in 1956 he wrote the story “The Fate of Man.” This is a story about the great suffering and great resilience of the ordinary Soviet man. Best Features M. Sholokhov embodied the Russian character, thanks to whose strength the victory in the Great Patriotic War was won, in the main character of the story - Andrei Sokolov. These are traits such as perseverance, patience, modesty, and a sense of human dignity.
Andrei Sokolov is a tall man, stooped, his hands are large and dark from hard work. He is dressed in a burnt padded jacket, which was mended by an inept male hand, And general form he was unkempt. But in the appearance of Sokolov, the author emphasizes “the eyes, as if sprinkled with ashes; filled with such inescapable melancholy.” And Andrei begins his confession with the words: “Why, life, did you cripple me like that? Why did you distort it like that?” And he cannot find the answer to this question.
Life passes before us an ordinary person, Russian soldier Andrei Sokolov. . Since childhood, I learned how much a “pound is worth”; I fought against enemies during the Civil War Soviet power. Then he leaves his native Voronezh village for Kuban. Returns home, works as a carpenter, mechanic, driver, and starts a family.
With trepidation, Sokolov recalls pre-war life, when he had a family and was happy. The war ruined this man’s life, tore him away from home, from his family. Andrei Sokolov goes to the front. From the beginning of the war, in its very first months, he was wounded twice and shell-shocked. But the worst thing awaited the hero ahead - he falls into fascist captivity.
Sokolov had to experience inhuman torment, hardship, and torment. For two years, Andrei Sokolov steadfastly endured the horrors of fascist captivity. He tried to escape, but was unsuccessful; he dealt with a coward, a traitor who was ready to hand over the commander to save his own skin.
Andrei did not lose the dignity of a Soviet man in a duel with the commandant of the concentration camp. Although Sokolov was exhausted, exhausted, exhausted, he was still ready to face death with such courage and endurance that he amazed even the fascist. Andrei still manages to escape and becomes a soldier again. But troubles still haunt him: destroyed native home, his wife and daughter were killed by a fascist bomb. In a word, Sokolov now lives only with the hope of meeting his son. And this meeting took place. IN last time the hero stands at the grave of his son who died in last days war.
It seemed that after all the trials that befell one person, he could become embittered, break down, and withdraw into himself. But this did not happen: realizing how difficult the loss of relatives is and the joylessness of loneliness, he adopts the boy Vanyusha, whose parents were taken away by the war. Andrey warmed and made the orphan's soul happy, and thanks to the warmth and gratitude of the child, he himself began to return to life. The story with Vanyushka is, as it were, the final line in the story of Andrei Sokolov. After all, if the decision to become Vanyushka’s father means saving the boy, then the subsequent action shows that Vanyushka also saves Andrey, gives him meaning later life.
I think that Andrei Sokolov is not broken by his difficult life, he believes in his strength, and despite all the hardships and adversities, he still managed to find the strength to continue living and enjoy his life!

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Enemies burned his home and destroyed his entire family. Where should the soldier go now, to whom to carry his sorrow? M. V. Isakovsky “The Fate of a Man” is a story about how a man conquered his fate, and a child became a symbol of this victory. At the front and in the German...

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Sholokhov's work "The Fate of Man" was first published ten years after the Great Patriotic War ended, in 1956-1957. The theme of the story is atypical for the literature of that time, dedicated to the war. The author first spoke about the soldiers who were captured by the Nazis.

Then we learn the fate of this character from his lips. Andrey is extremely frank with a random interlocutor - he does not hide personal details.

We can safely say that this hero had a happy life. After all, he had loving wife, children, he was doing what he loved. At the same time, Andrei’s life is typical for that time. Sokolov is a simple Russian man, of whom there were millions in our country at that time.

Andrey's feat ("The Fate of Man", Sholokhov)

The essay “War in the life of the main character” can be built on the contrast of the attitude of Andrei and other people who meet in his life path. In comparison with them, the feat that, in fact, is his whole life seems even more majestic and terrible to us.

The hero, unlike others, shows patriotism and courage. This is confirmed by the analysis of the work “The Fate of Man” by Sholokhov. So, during the battle, he plans to accomplish the almost impossible - to deliver shells to the Russian troops, breaking through the enemy’s barrier. At this moment he does not think about the impending danger, about own life. But the plan could not be implemented - Andrei was captured by the Nazis. But even here he does not lose heart, maintains his dignity and calmness. So, when a German soldier ordered him to take off the boots that he liked, Sokolov, as if mocking him, also takes off his foot wraps.

The work reveals various problems of Sholokhov. The fate of a person, anyone, not just Andrei, was tragic at that time. However, in front of her different people behave differently. Sholokhov shows the horrors that occur in captivity of the Germans. Many people in inhuman conditions lost their face: in order to save life or a piece of bread, they were ready to commit any betrayal, humiliation, even murder. The stronger, purer, higher the personality of Sokolov, his actions and thoughts appear. Problems of character, courage, perseverance, honor - these are what interests the writer.

Conversation with Mueller

And in the face of the mortal danger threatening Andrei (conversation with Muller), he behaves with great dignity, which even commands respect from his enemy. In the end, the Germans recognize the unbending character of this warrior.

It is interesting that the “confrontation” between Muller and Sokolov took place precisely at the moment when the fighting was taking place near Stalingrad. Andrei's moral victory in this context becomes, as it were, a symbol of the victory of the Russian troops.

Sholokhov also raises other problems (“The Fate of Man”). One of them is the problem of the meaning of life. The hero experienced the full echoes of the war: he learned that he had lost his entire family. Hopes for happy life disappeared. He is left completely alone, having lost the meaning of existence, devastated. The meeting with Vanyusha did not allow the hero to die, to sink. In this boy, the hero found a son, a new incentive to live.

Mikhail Alexandrovich believes that perseverance, humanism, and self-esteem are traits typical of the Russian character. Therefore, our people managed to win this great and terrible war, as Sholokhov believes (“The Fate of Man”). The writer has explored the theme of man in some detail; it is even reflected in the title of the story. Let's turn to him.

The meaning of the story's title

The story “The Fate of Man” is named so not by chance. This name, on the one hand, convinces us that the character of Andrei Sokolov is typical, and on the other, it also emphasizes his greatness, since Sokolov has every right to be called a Man. This work gave impetus to the revival of the classical tradition in Soviet literature. It is characterized by attention to the fate of the simple, " little man", worthy of full respect.

Using various techniques - a confessional story, a portrait, speech characteristics- the author reveals the character of the hero as fully as possible. This is a simple man, majestic and beautiful, self-respecting, strong. His fate can be called tragic, since Andrei Sokolov suffered serious tests, but we still involuntarily admire him. Neither the death of loved ones nor the war could break him. “The Fate of Man” (Sholokhov M. A.) is a very humanistic work. Main character Finds the meaning of life in helping others. This is what, above all, the harsh post-war times required.

Characteristics of the hero

The name of M. A. Sholokhov is known to all mankind. In the early spring of 1946, that is, in the first post-war spring, M.A. Sholokhov accidentally met an unknown man on the road and heard his confession story. For ten years the writer nurtured the idea of ​​the work, events faded into the past, and the need to speak out increased. And so in 1956 he wrote the story “The Fate of Man.” This is a story about the great suffering and great resilience of the ordinary Soviet man. The best features of the Russian character, thanks to whose strength the victory in the Great Patriotic War was won, M. Sholokhov embodied in the main character of the story - Andrei Sokolov. These are traits such as perseverance, patience, modesty, and a sense of human dignity.
Andrei Sokolov is a tall man, stooped, his hands are large and dark from hard work. He was dressed in a burnt padded jacket, which had been mended by an inept male hand, and his general appearance was unkempt. But in the appearance of Sokolov, the author emphasizes “the eyes, as if sprinkled with ashes; filled with such inescapable melancholy.” And Andrei begins his confession with the words: “Why, life, did you cripple me like that? Why did you distort it like that?” And he cannot find the answer to this question.
The life of an ordinary person, the Russian soldier Andrei Sokolov, passes before us. . Since childhood, I learned how much a “pound is worth,” and during the civil war he fought against the enemies of Soviet power. Then he leaves his native Voronezh village for Kuban. Returns home, works as a carpenter, mechanic, driver, and starts a family.
With trepidation, Sokolov recalls pre-war life, when he had a family and was happy. The war ruined this man’s life, tore him away from home, from his family. Andrei Sokolov goes to the front. From the beginning of the war, in its very first months, he was wounded twice and shell-shocked. But the worst thing awaited the hero ahead - he falls into fascist captivity.
Sokolov had to experience inhuman torment, hardship, and torment. For two years, Andrei Sokolov steadfastly endured the horrors of fascist captivity. He tried to escape, but was unsuccessful; he dealt with a coward, a traitor who was ready to hand over the commander to save his own skin.
Andrei did not lose the dignity of a Soviet man in a duel with the commandant of the concentration camp. Although Sokolov was exhausted, exhausted, exhausted, he was still ready to face death with such courage and endurance that he amazed even the fascist. Andrei still manages to escape and becomes a soldier again. But troubles still haunt him: his home was destroyed, his wife and daughter were killed by a fascist bomb. In a word, Sokolov now lives only with the hope of meeting his son. And this meeting took place. For the last time, the hero stands at the grave of his son, who died in the last days of the war.
It seemed that after all the trials that befell one person, he could become embittered, break down, and withdraw into himself. But this did not happen: realizing how difficult the loss of relatives is and the joylessness of loneliness, he adopts the boy Vanyusha, whose parents were taken away by the war. Andrey warmed and made the orphan's soul happy, and thanks to the warmth and gratitude of the child, he himself began to return to life. The story with Vanyushka is, as it were, the final line in the story of Andrei Sokolov. After all, if the decision to become Vanyushka’s father means saving the boy, then the subsequent action shows that Vanyushka also saves Andrei and gives him a meaning for his future life.
I think that Andrei Sokolov is not broken by his difficult life, he believes in his strength, and despite all the hardships and adversities, he still managed to find the strength to continue living and enjoy his life!

“Why have you, life, maimed me so much? I have no answer either in the dark or in the clear sun...”

M. Sholokhov

During the days of the Great Patriotic War When M. Sholokhov was a correspondent for Pravda at the front, he wrote many essays about the courage and heroism of the Russian people. Already in the first military essays of the writer, the image of a man who preserved what makes him invincible emerged - living soul, cordiality, philanthropy. Sholokhov tried to tell about ordinary participants in the war courageously fighting the enemies of their homeland in his last major work, “They Fought for the Motherland,” but the novel remained unfinished. Among the stories created in the post-war years, the story “The Fate of a Man” (1957) entered the treasury of not only Russian but also world literature.

“The Fate of a Man” is a story-poem about a man, a warrior-worker who endured all the hardships of the war years and managed to carry through incredible physical and moral suffering a pure, broad, open to goodness and Light soul.

"The Fate of Man" describes unusual, exceptional events, but the plot is based on a real incident. The story is structured in the form of a confession by the main character. About your participation in civil war, that he was already an orphan from a young age, that in the hungry year of twenty-two he “went to Kuban to hunt the kulaks, and that’s why he survived,” he reports in passing, focusing by contrast on life with his family before the Patriotic War and mainly in the most recently ended war.

We learn that before the war, Andrei Sokolov was a modest worker, a builder, and the father of a family. He lived ordinary life, worked and was happy in his own way. But war broke out, and Sokolov’s peaceful happiness, like millions of other people, was destroyed. The war tore him away from his family, from home, from work - from everything that he loved and valued in life.

Andrei Sokolov went to the front to defend his homeland. His path was difficult and tragic. All the hardships and troubles of the wartime fell on his shoulders, and at the first moment he almost disappeared into the general mass, becoming one of many workers in the war, but Andrei later remembers this temporary retreat from humanity with the most acute pain.

The war became for Sokolov a road of endless humiliation, trials, and camps. But the hero’s character and his courage are revealed in spiritual combat with fascism. Andrei Sokolov, the driver carrying shells to the front line, came under fire, was shell-shocked and lost consciousness, and when he woke up, there were Germans around. The human feat of Andrei Sokolov truly appears not on the battlefield or on the labor front, but in conditions of fascist captivity, behind the barbed wire of a concentration camp.

Far from the front, Sokolov survived all the hardships of the war and endless bullying. The memories of the B-14 prisoner of war camp, where thousands of people behind barbed wire were separated from the world, where there was a terrible struggle not just for life, for a pot of gruel, but for the right to remain human, will forever remain in his soul. The camp also became a test for Andrei human dignity. There he had to kill a man for the first time, not a German, but a Russian, with the words: “What kind of guy is he?” This event became a test of the loss of “one of our own”.

Then there was unsuccessful attempt escape. The climax of the story was the scene in the commandant's room. Andrei behaved defiantly, like a man who has nothing to lose, for whom death is the highest good. But the strength of the human spirit wins - Sokolov remains alive and passes one more test: without betraying the honor of a Russian soldier in the commandant’s office, he does not lose his dignity in front of his comrades. “How are we going to share the food?” - his bunk neighbor asks, and his voice trembles. “We weigh equally,” Andrey answers. - We waited for dawn. Bread and lard were cut harsh thread. Everyone got a piece of bread the size of a matchbox, every crumb was taken into account, well, and lard... just to anoint your lips. However, they divided it without offense."

Death looked him in the eye more than once, but each time Sokolov found the strength and courage to remain human. He remembered how on the first night, when he, along with other prisoners of war, was locked in a dilapidated church, he suddenly heard a question in the darkness: “Are there any wounded?” It was a doctor. He set Andrei’s dislocated shoulder, and the pain subsided. And the doctor went further with the same question. And in captivity, in terrible conditions, he continued “to do his great work.” This means that even in captivity you need and can remain human. Moral ties with humanity could not be broken by any ups and downs of life, Andrei Sokolov in any conditions acts in accordance with the “golden rule” of morality - do not hurt others, remains kind and responsive to people (according to Sholokhov, a person must preserve the human in himself, despite for what tests).

Andrei Sokolov escaped from captivity, taking a German major with valuable documents, and remained alive, but fate prepared a new blow for him: his wife Irina and daughters died in own home. The last person close to Andrei, the son of Anatoly, was killed by a German sniper “exactly on the ninth of May, in the morning, on Victory Day.” And the greatest gift that fate gave him was to see his dead son before burying him in a foreign land...

Andrei Sokolov went through the roads of wars and hardships, through hunger and cold, mortal danger and risk. He lost everything: his family died, his hearth was destroyed, the meaning of life was lost. After everything that this man has experienced, it would seem that he could become embittered, bitter, broken, but he does not complain, does not withdraw into his grief, but goes to people. Life for those who have not hardened their souls, says the author, continues, because they are able to love and bring good to people, they know how to do something for another, accept him into their hearts and become close and dear to him. Having met little boy Vanya and learning that all his relatives have died, the hero decides: “It’s impossible for us to disappear separately! I’ll take him to be my children!” It is in this love for the boy that Andrei Sokolov finds both overcoming his personal tragedy and the meaning of his future life. It is she, and not just his exploits in the war, that highlights in him the truly humane, human element that is so close to the author.

Andrey Sokolov is a simple Russian man who embodied typical features national character. He went through all the horrors of the war imposed on him and, at the cost of enormous, incomparable and irreparable personal losses and personal deprivations, defended his homeland, asserting the great right to life, freedom and independence of his homeland. Sholokhov showed in tragic circumstances a man majestic in his simplicity. The fate of Andrei Sokolov is a generalized history of the existence of a person who comes into this world for the sake of the main thing - life itself and active love in it to other people, and at the same time - an extremely individual history of the life of a specific person in a specific historical period and in a specific country.