Tatyana is the ideal Russian woman. What was the ideal of female beauty in Rus'

Ideal woman today – the one who cooks, washes, cleans, gives birth to and raises children, makes a career, loves her husband, say the media and the Internet. But not every one of them modern men Now he will sing a serenade and challenge his opponent to a duel for the sake of his beloved. However, this happened so long ago that we can read about exploits for the sake of beautiful lady only in books. It is worth noting that every writer, including Russian, was ready to confess his most secret dreams and describe that very ideal one, for the sake of which he went into fire, and into water, and into copper pipes. So the descendants were left with only a few ideals of femininity and beauty.

Pushkin, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Bulgakov, Blok - there are not many of them in common, only those women who remain in the history of Russian literature and whose fate all schoolchildren are now concerned about, especially during final exams. So, who were the writers sighing about and why are these heroines so ideal?

The main strength of any female ideal is love. She must love sincerely, tenderly, deeply, without being distracted by the shortcomings of her chosen one, such as being overweight or throwing socks around the house. For example, Pushkin's Tatyana Larina fell in love once and for the rest of her life, while initially knowing little about Onegin except his attractive appearance and status in society for the opposite sex. She fell in love because the time had come and because Onegin was the first who came across her path at that moment. Who is her chosen one: what is his character, what he loves, what he hates, Tatyana figured it out much later - after she was intelligently “dismissed” and disappeared out of sight. However, the heroine has already fallen in love and is ready to carry this love to the grave, because she is strong, passionate, romantic, alive and thinking, true to her word and duty. However, the latter prevented her from fully enjoying Eugene’s love and finally stopping suffering for the hero and unrequited mutual love.

Tolstoy’s Natasha Rostova is also capable of love, who is in some ways similar to Pushkin’s Tatyana: just as open, connected with nature, kind, sensitive, and capable of compassion. But she is also more lively, more earthly, capable of making mistakes (she succumbed to sweet speeches and exchanged Bolkonsky for Anatoly Kuragin). At the same time, Natasha is so deeply devoted to every task that motherhood turns her into a real female and it is not entirely clear whether this incubator woman is then able to follow her Decembrist husband to Siberia or not.

Turgenev's girls also rush at the first person they meet, although they always choose the most confused specimen (ideally, so that it will be sent to the barricades in the near future). Turgenev's heroines are always thinking and passionate natures, ready to continue the work of their lover (like Elena in the novel “On the Eve”). If they are not assessed in time, then these girls-women disappear from the lives of the heroes, because the author worries about his heroines like a caring uncle cares about his nieces. The writer hates cowardice most of all in men and punishes them with loneliness without that very ideal chosen one from his distant youth.

Ideal literary women always have the courage to stand up, to old life and start a new, unknown one. For the sake of love and their lover, they are ready to undress, sit on a broom and go to Satan's ball. They, like Margarita in Bulgakov’s novel, never give up and grab every opportunity, and if necessary, they can take revenge. Margarita is ready to challenge society, she knows how to sympathize, showing herself to be a true queen at Woland’s ball, but remains merciless towards those who offended her chosen one. Her all-consuming and true love- one of the two pillars on which this world is built, the writer believes.

Creating the image of his time and the man of his era, Pushkin in the novel “Eugene Onegin” also conveyed his personal idea of the ideal of a Russian woman.

The poet's ideal is Tatiana. Pushkin speaks of her like this: “A dear ideal.” Of course, Tatyana Larina is a dream, a poet’s idea of what a woman should be like to be admired and loved.

When we first meet the heroine, we see that the poet distinguishes her from other representatives of the nobility. Pushkin emphasizes that Tatyana loves nature, winter, and sledding. It was the nanny’s fairy tales, Russian nature, and the ancient customs that were observed in the family that made Tatyana a “Russian soul.” Tatyana is in many ways similar to other girls: she believes in dreams, card fortune-telling, and ancient legends. But there was something that distinguished her from everyone else, that made her a stranger in her own family. She did not caress her parents, almost did not play with children and did not do needlework. But she was very dreamy, she lived special inner life. There is no coquetry or pretense in her. Books played a big role in Tatiana's life. They are the ones who shaped it spiritual qualities And inner world. Inquisitive by nature, she seeks answers to questions that interest her from her mother, father, and nanny. But he receives no answers. She tries to find them in books. Tatyana judges life and love by the novels she has read. In them she sees a different life, different from the life of her circle. She thinks that all this was not invented by the author, but exists. And the heroine is sure that she, too, will meet such people and live such a life. It is not surprising that, having met Onegin, who is different from all the young people she knows, Tatyana mistakes him for the hero of the novel and falls in love. In general, Tatyana is a poetic, lofty, spiritual person. What attracts me to Tatyana is her openness and directness. Although at all times it was not customary for a girl to be the first to confess her love, it is difficult to blame Tatyana for this. After all, she does this because she is innocent and sincere in nature.

It is difficult not to notice the constancy of Tatiana's character. This quality has been inherent in her since childhood. But even after becoming a noble lady, the heroine changes little. All changes are only external. In her heart she remains the same “dear Tatyana.” And in the capital, with her spiritual nobility, simplicity and depth of feelings, she remains internally lonely. But the heroine does not change her moral convictions. This is clearly visible in her response to Onegin. Yes, she remembers the past with longing and directly confesses her love for Onegin. But she is no longer the same Tatyana and therefore resolutely refuses happiness: “But I was given to someone else, I will be faithful to him forever.”

Tatyana's main qualities are spiritual nobility, sincerity, and a sense of duty. Time passes, everything changes in the world: fashion, hobbies, social laws - but in honor there will always be those qualities that make Tatyana Larina sweet and attractive.

Tatiana's image does not lose its freshness and purity in our time. Modern girls The image of the heroine teaches fidelity, moral purity, femininity, beauty of thoughts and actions.

A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” is an unusual work. There are few events in it, many deviations from the storyline, the narrative seems to be cut off halfway. This is most likely due to the fact that Pushkin in his novel poses fundamentally new tasks for Russian literature - to show the century and people who can be called heroes of their time. Pushkin is a realist, and therefore his heroes are not just people of their time, but also, so to speak, people of the society that gave birth to them, i.e. they are people of their own […]
“Eugene Onegin” is a well-known work by A.S. Pushkin. Here the writer realized the main idea and desire - to give an image of a hero of the time, a portrait of his contemporary - person XIX centuries. Onegin's portrait is an ambiguous and complex combination of many positive qualities and big shortcomings. The image of Tatyana is the most significant and important female image in the novel. Main romantic storyline Pushkin's novel in verse consists of the relationship between Onegin and Tatyana. Tatiana fell in love with Evgeniy [...]
Pushkin worked on the novel “Eugene Onegin” for over eight years - from the spring of 1823 to the autumn of 1831. We find the first mention of the novel in Pushkin’s letter to Vyazemsky from Odessa dated November 4, 1823: “As for my studies, I am now writing not a novel, but a novel in verse – a devilish difference.” The main character of the novel is Evgeny Onegin, a young St. Petersburg rake. From the very beginning of the novel it becomes clear that Onegin is very strange and, of course, special person. He was, of course, in some ways similar to the people [...]
Pushkin's original intention for the novel Eugene Onegin was to create a comedy similar to Griboyedov's Woe from Wit. In the poet's letters one can find sketches for a comedy in which main character portrayed as a satirical character. During the work on the novel, which lasted more than seven years, the author’s plans changed significantly, as did his worldview as a whole. By its genre nature, the novel is very complex and original. This is a "novel in verse." Works of this genre are also found in other [...]
It was no coincidence that the great Russian critic V. G. Belinsky called A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” “an encyclopedia of Russian life.” This is connected, of course, with the fact that not a single work of Russian literature can compare with the immortal novel in terms of breadth of coverage contemporary writer reality. Pushkin describes his time, noting everything that was essential for the life of that generation: the life and customs of people, the state of their souls, popular philosophical, political and economic trends, literary preferences, fashion and […]
"Eugene Onegin" is a realistic novel in verse, because... in it, truly living images of Russian people of the early 19th century appeared before the reader. The novel provides a broad artistic generalization of the main trends of Russian social development. One can say about the novel in the words of the poet himself - this is a work in which “the century and modern man are reflected.” V. G. Belinsky called Pushkin’s novel “The Encyclopedia of Russian Life.” In this novel, as in an encyclopedia, you can learn everything about the era: about the culture of that time, about […]
Tatyana Larina Olga Larina Character Tatyana is characterized by the following character traits: modesty, thoughtfulness, trepidation, vulnerability, silence, melancholy. Olga Larina has a cheerful and lively character. She is active, inquisitive, good-natured. Lifestyle Tatyana leads a reclusive lifestyle. The best time for her is alone with herself. She loves to watch beautiful sunrises, read French novels, and think. She is closed, lives in her own inner [...]
It has long been recognized that the novel “Eugene Onegin” was the first in Russian literature realistic novel. What exactly do we mean when we say “realistic”? Realism presupposes, in my opinion, in addition to the truthfulness of details, the depiction of typical characters in typical circumstances. From this characteristic of realism it follows that truthfulness in the depiction of particulars and details is an indispensable condition realistic work. But this is not enough. Even more important is what is contained in the second part […]
I would like to return again and again to Pushkin’s word and his wonderful novel in verse “Eugene Onegin”, which presents the youth of the 20s of the 19th century. There is very beautiful legend. One sculptor sculpted a beautiful girl from stone. She looked so alive that she seemed ready to speak. But the sculpture was silent, and its creator fell ill from love for his wonderful creation. After all, in it he expressed his innermost idea of female beauty, invested his soul and was tormented that this would never […]
Spiritual beauty, sensuality, naturalness, simplicity, the ability to sympathize and love - these are the qualities of A.S. Pushkin endowed the heroine of his novel “Eugene Onegin”, Tatyana Larina. A simple, outwardly unremarkable girl, but with a rich inner world, who grew up in a remote village, reads romance novels, loves horror stories nanny and believes legends. Her beauty is within, it is deep and vibrant. The heroine's appearance is compared with the beauty of her sister, Olga, but the latter, although beautiful on the outside, is not […]
Eugene Onegin Vladimir Lensky Age of the hero More mature, at the beginning of the novel in verse and during the acquaintance and duel with Lensky he is 26 years old. Lensky is young, he is not yet 18 years old. Upbringing and education He received a home education, which was typical for the majority of nobles in Russia. The teachers “didn’t bother with strict morals,” “they scolded him a little for pranks,” or, more simply, spoiled the little boy. He studied at the University of Göttingen in Germany, the birthplace of romanticism. In his intellectual baggage [...]
Roman A.S. Pushkin introduces readers to the life of the intelligentsia in early XIX century. The noble intelligentsia is represented in the work by the images of Lensky, Tatyana Larina and Onegin. According to the title of the novel, the author emphasizes central position the main character among other characters. Onegin was born into a once rich noble family. As a child, he was away from everything national, isolated from the people, and Eugene had a Frenchman as his teacher. Eugene Onegin’s upbringing, like his education, had a very […]
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Each time has its own ideals. However, the high virtues of the Russian woman were recognized by both Russian writers and foreigners at all times. Take, for example, an example from the 18th century. S. Soloviev talks about him in “History of Russia”. Countess Natalia Sheremetyeva was betrothed to Prince Ivan Dolgoruky, who fell out of favor during the reign of Anna Ioannovna. The prince was awaiting exile to Siberia.

Despite the pleas of her parents and the entreaties of friends and acquaintances, the young countess not only married the prince, but also followed him to Siberia. But soon Prince Dolgoruky was transferred from Siberia to Novgorod and executed. The young Princess Dolgorukaya became a nun in one of the Kyiv monasteries.

Years later she described her past life in your memories. They also contain the following thoughts: “Enter the discussion, what kind of consolation is this for me and is my conscience honest - when he was great, I joyfully followed for him, and when he became unhappy, should I refuse him? I couldn’t agree to such unscrupulous advice.”

A century after Princess Dolgoruky, the same feat would be accomplished by the wives of the Decembrists, following their husbands to Siberia. Their spiritual feat will be sung by N. Nekrasov in the poem “Russian Women”.

Tatyana Larina, the heroine of A. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin,” also belongs to the generation of Decembrist wives. She is all from Russian land, from Russian nature. It is as mysterious and deep as a Russian fairy tale.

The soul of Pushkin's heroine is simple, like the very soul of the Russian people. As D. Merezhkovsky notes about her, “Tat-yana is from that twilight, ancient world, where the Firebird, Ivan Tsarevich, Baba Yaga were born - there are miracles there, a goblin wanders there, a mermaid sits on the branches,” “there is a Russian spirit, there it smells of Russia.”

The poet not only idolizes “Tatyana’s sweet ideal”:

My friends! I love my dear Tatyana so much...

Tatyana's only friend is an old nanny who whispered magical Russian fairy tales to her. Contemplation of quiet nature instilled in Tatiana great humility and simplicity of heart. Alien in family of origin, she “keeps looking into the forest, everything goes into the wilderness.”

Tatyana is completely far from that brilliant, deceitful world in which Onegin lives. But the girl’s heart “burns and loves because it cannot help but love.” Love is a great feeling, an endless mystery and an extraordinary miracle. And Tatyana - the embodiment of the pure innocence of the Russian spirit - gives herself up to her as if she were death or fate.

But Onegin shows unforgivable cowardice. With his words about the boredom of married life, he reveals a complete incapacity for great heartfelt love. After some time, Tatyana appears; before him “an unapproachable goddess,” but “she retained the same tone, her bow was just as quiet.”

Onegin is looking for a meeting with her, but Tatyana is a true woman:

I love you (why lie?), But I am given to someone else; I will be faithful to him forever.

It seems to me that it was precisely the image of Pushkin’s Tatyana that L. Tolstoy turned to when creating the image of Natasha Rostova. Despite all the differences, they have a lot in common. But the main thing is that, like Tatyana, Natasha Rostova, in her character, in her way of thinking, in her feelings, habits and behavior, was a deeply Russian person. She “knew how to understand everything that was in Anisya, and in Anisya’s father, and in her aunt, and in her mother, and in every Russian person.”

We don't know what's next life path Tatiana Larina. But there is no doubt that she, like Natasha, will subsequently turn into a respectable Russian woman, a caring mother for her children. Characterizing Pierre's feelings for Natasha, L. Tolstoy says that from communicating with Natasha, Pierre “experienced that rare pleasure that women give when listening to a man - not smart women, and... real women, gifted with the ability to select and absorb into themselves all the best that exists in the manifestations of a man.”

Yes, every time has its own ideals. But today it is unlikely that there will be at least one person who sincerely, with his hand on his heart, admitted that Tatyana Larina and Natasha Rostova are their ideal. And it’s impossible to be like that today. Emancipation is too deeply rooted in modern society. Compared to today's fashionistas and beauties, the heroines of Pushkin and Tolstoy would look too old-fashioned.

Creating the image of his time and the man of his era, Pushkin in the novel “Eugene Onegin” also conveyed his personal idea of the ideal of a Russian woman. The poet's ideal is Tatyana. Pushkin speaks of her like this: “A dear ideal.” Of course, Tatyana Larina is a dream, a poet’s idea of what a woman should be like to be admired and loved. When we first meet the heroine, we see that the poet distinguishes her from other representatives of the nobility. Pushkin emphasizes that Tatyana loves nature, winter, and sledding. It was the nanny’s fairy tales, Russian nature, and the ancient customs that were observed in the family that made Tatyana a “Russian soul.” Tatyana is in many ways similar to other girls: she believes in dreams, card fortune-telling, and ancient legends. But there was something that distinguished her from everyone else, that made her a stranger in her own family. She did not caress her parents, almost did not play with children and did not do needlework. But she was very dreamy and lived a special inner life. There is no coquetry or pretense in her. Books played a big role in Tatiana's life. It was they who shaped her spiritual qualities and inner world. Inquisitive by nature, she seeks answers to questions that interest her from her mother, father, and nanny. But he receives no answers. She tries to find them in books. Tatyana judges life and love by the novels she has read. In them she sees a different life, different from the life of her circle. She thinks that all this was not invented by the author, but exists. And the heroine is sure that she, too, will meet such people and live such a life. It is not surprising that, having met Onegin, who is different from all the young people she knows, Tatyana mistakes him for the hero of the novel and falls in love. In general, Tatyana is a poetic, lofty, spiritual person. What attracts me to Tatyana is her openness and directness. Although at all times it was not customary for a girl to be the first to confess her love, it is difficult to blame Tatyana for this. After all, she does this because she is innocent and sincere in nature. It is difficult not to notice the constancy of Tatiana's character. This quality has been inherent in her since childhood. But even after becoming a noble lady, the heroine changes little. All changes are only external. In her heart she remains the same “dear Tatyana.” And in the capital, with her spiritual nobility, simplicity and depth of feelings, she remains internally lonely. But the heroine does not change her moral convictions. This is clearly visible in her response to Onegin. Yes, she remembers the past with longing and directly confesses her love for Onegin. But she is no longer the same Tatyana and therefore resolutely refuses happiness: “But I was given to someone else, I will be faithful to him forever.” Tatyana's main qualities are spiritual nobility, sincerity, and a sense of duty. Time passes, everything changes in the world: fashion, hobbies, social laws - but in honor there will always be those qualities that make Tatyana Larina sweet and attractive. Tatiana's image does not lose its freshness and purity in our time. The image of the heroine teaches modern girls fidelity, moral purity, femininity, and the beauty of thoughts and actions.

(ESSAY-REFLECTION ABOUT THE IDEAL OF THE BEAUTIFUL)

Each time has its own ideals. However, the high merits of the Russian woman were recognized by both Russian writers and foreigners at all times. Take, for example, an example from the 18th century. S. Soloviev talks about him in “History of Russia”. Countess Natalia Sheremetyeva was betrothed to Prince Ivan Dolgoruky, who fell out of favor during the reign of Anna Ioannovna. The prince was awaiting exile to Siberia.

Years later, she described her past life in her memoirs. They also contain the following thoughts: “Enter the discussion, what kind of consolation is this for me and is my conscience honest - when he was great, I joyfully followed for him, and when he became unhappy, should I refuse him? I couldn’t agree to such unscrupulous advice.”

- A century after Princess Dolgoruky, the same feat will be accomplished by the wives of the Decembrists, following their husbands to Siberia. Their spiritual feat will be sung by N. Nekrasov in the poem “Russian Women”.

The soul of Pushkin's heroine is simple, like the very soul of the Russian people. As D. Merezhkovsky notes about her, “Tatyana is from that twilight, ancient world where the Firebird, Ivan Tsarevich, Baba Yaga were born - there are miracles, there is a goblin wandering around, a mermaid sitting on the branches,” “there is the Russian spirit, It smells like Russia there.”

The poet not only idolizes “Tatyana’s sweet ideal”:

My friends! I love so much

My dear Tatiana...

Tatyana's only friend is an old nanny who whispered magical Russian fairy tales to her. Contemplation of quiet nature instilled in Tatiana great humility and simplicity of heart. A stranger in her own family, she “keeps looking into the forest, everything goes into the wilderness.”

Tatyana is completely far from the brilliant, deceitful world in which Onegin lives. But the girl’s heart “burns and loves because it cannot help but love.” Love is a great feeling, an endless mystery and an extraordinary miracle. And Tatyana - the embodiment of the pure innocence of the Russian spirit - gives herself up to her as if she were death or fate.

Onegin is looking for a meeting with her, but Tatyana is a true woman:

I love you (why lie?),

But I was given to another;

I will be faithful to him forever.

Anisya, and in the aunt, and in the mother, and in every Russian person.”

We do not know the further life path of Tatyana Larina. But there is no doubt that she, like Natasha, will subsequently turn into a respectable Russian woman, a caring mother for her children. Characterizing Pierre's feelings for Natasha, L. Tolstoy says that from communicating with Natasha, Pierre “experienced that rare pleasure that women give when listening to a man - not smart women, but... real women, gifted with the ability to select and absorb the best, whatever is in the manifestations of a man.”

Yes, every time has its own ideals. But today it is unlikely that there will be at least one person who sincerely, hand on heart, admitted that Tatyana Larina and Natasha Rostova are their ideal. And it’s impossible to be like that today. Emancipation is too deeply rooted in modern society. Compared to today's fashionistas and beauties, the heroines of Pushkin and Tolstoy would look too old-fashioned.