Famous fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. The most famous fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm

Even those who do not like fairy tales are familiar with the plots of Cinderella, Rapunzel and Thumb. All these and hundreds of other tales were recorded and revised by two linguist brothers. They are known to the whole world under the names Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm.

Family Affair

The sons of lawyer Grimm, Jacob and Wilhelm, were born a year apart. Jacob was born in early January 1785. The second son in the Grimm family, Wilhelm, appeared a year later, on February 24, 1786.

The young men were orphaned early. Already in 1796, they came under the care of their aunt, who did her best to support their desire to study and new knowledge.

The university for lawyers where they entered did not captivate their inquisitive minds. The Brothers Grimm became interested in linguistics, compiling a German dictionary, and from 1807 they began to write down tales they heard during their travels in Hesse and Westphalia. There was so much “fairytale” material that the Brothers Grimm decided to publish the stories they had recorded and revised.

Fairy tales not only made the brothers famous, but also gave one of the linguists family happiness. Thus, Dorothea Wild, from whose words the stories about Hansel and Gretel, Lady Snowstorm and the story about the magic table were written down, later became Wilhelm’s wife.

The tales turned out to be interesting to a wide circle readers. During the brothers’ lifetime alone, their collections of fairy tales were translated into more than a hundred languages. The success kept Jacob and Wilhelm interested in their work, and they enthusiastically looked for new storytellers.

How many fairy tales did the Brothers Grimm collect?

In initial publication collected material There were 49 fairy tales written by the Brothers Grimm. In the second edition, which consisted of two volumes, there were already 170 of them. Another Grimm brother, Ludwig, participated in the printing of the second part. However, he was not a collector of fairy tales, but skillfully illustrated what Jacob and Wilhelm revised.

After the first two editions of collections of fairy tales, 5 more editions followed. In the final, 7th edition, the Brothers Grimm chose 210 fairy tales and legends. Today they are called “Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm.”

The abundance of illustrations and closeness to the original source made the fairy tales a subject for discussion and even debate. Some critics accused linguists of being too “childish” in the details of the published fairy tales.

To satisfy young readers' interest in their work, the Brothers Grimm published 50 edited fairy tales for children in 1825. Towards the middle XIX century This collection of fairy tales was reprinted 10 times.

Recognition of posterity and modern criticism

The legacy of the Grimm linguists was not forgotten even years later. They are read to children by parents all over the world, and performances are staged based on them. young viewers. The popularity of fairy tales has grown so much over the course of a century and a half that in 2005 UNESCO included the work of the Brothers Grimm in the Memory of the World list.

Screenwriters are playing with the plots of Grimm's fairy tales for new cartoons, films and even TV series.

However, like any grandiose work, the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm are still subject to criticism and different interpretations. Thus, some religions call only a few fairy tales from the brothers’ heritage “useful for children’s souls,” and the Nazis at one time used their stories to promote their inhumane ideas.

Video on the topic

The first collection of fairy tales by the Brothers Grimm was published in 1812 and was called “Children's and Family Tales.” All the works were collected from the German lands and processed to give a literary touch and some wonderful magic that children liked. It makes no sense to read all the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm at the same age. The list is long, but not all are good, and not all of them will be useful for small children.

Publication of the first book by the Brothers Grimm

In order to publish their book, the Brothers Grimm had to endure many hardships, events unfolded from a completely unimaginable angle. Having printed the manuscript for the first time, they gave it to their friend. However, it turned out that Clemens Brentano was not their friend at all. Looking at the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm gold mine, he simply disappeared from the sight of his friends and, as they subsequently began to suspect, decided to publish fairy tales in his own name. The manuscript was found many years later, after the death of the authors. It contained 49 fairy tales, unique in their kind, heard from the storyteller of Hesse.

Having survived betrayal best friend, The Brothers Grimm came to their senses and decided to publish the book without any frills or expenses: illustrations and decorations. So on December 20, 1812, the first book of the authors was published, the first volume already contained 86 works - this is the first time simple people read the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. The list of fairy tales has increased after 2 years by another 70 children's fairy tales.

Everyone started reading fairy tales!

Absolutely everyone began to read the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm, the stories were passed on from mouth to mouth, and gradually the author-storytellers became widely known people, respect and love for whom grew by leaps and bounds. People came to them, helped in whatever way they could, and thanked them for the piece of joy they brought to their beloved children. Inspired by the idea to collect as much as possible folk works, to add a little magic and educational nuances useful to children, the brothers worked tirelessly until the end of their lives. So, over another 20-odd years, the brothers released no less than 7 editions, with abundant illustrations and high-quality covers for those times.

At all times, both children and adults loved to read the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm, although some people did not consider them suitable for young children. Too adult plots and sometimes deep reasoning frightened parents. Therefore, the Brothers Grimm were not lazy and edited some fairy tales, reorienting them towards the youngest children. This is how they came to us. On our website we tried to add fairy tales in the original children's version only in the best translations into Russian.

And it also happens...

The fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm seriously influenced attitudes towards fairy-tale creativity, if before them fairy tales were often too simple, then the stories of the brothers can be called a literary innovation, a breakthrough. Subsequently, many people were inspired to find wonderful folk tales and publish them. The authors of the site also decided to make their contribution to the development and entertainment of modern children.

Among other things, let's not forget that the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm appear neither more nor less, but in international fund UNESCO in the section dedicated to memorable, great works. And such a recognition says a lot and cost a lot to the two good storytellers of Grimm.

Surely everyone knows the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. Perhaps, many in childhood were told by their parents fascinating stories about the beautiful Snow White, the good-natured and cheerful Cinderella, the capricious princess and others. The grown children then read the fascinating fairy tales of these authors themselves. And those who didn’t particularly like to spend time reading books were sure to watch cartoons based on the works of legendary creators.

Who are the Brothers Grimm?

Brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm are famous German linguists. Throughout their lives they worked to create German. Unfortunately, they never managed to finish it. However, this is not why they became so popular. They were glorified folk tales. The Brothers Grimm became famous during their lifetime. "Children's and Household Tales" were translated into English with extreme speed. different languages. The Russian version came out in the 60s of the 19th century. Today their tales are read in almost 100 languages. Many children were raised on the works of the Brothers Grimm. different countries. In our country, they gained wide popularity in the 30s of the last century thanks to the retellings and adaptations of Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak, and

What is the secret of the popularity of Brothers Grimm fairy tales?

All fairy tales have a unique and interesting story, happy ending, victory of good over evil. Entertaining stories The stories that came from their pens are very instructive, and most of them are dedicated to kindness, courage, resourcefulness, bravery, and honor. In the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm, the main characters are people. But there are also stories in which actors become birds, animals or insects. Usually in such stories they make fun of negative traits person: greed, laziness, cowardice, envy, etc.

There are also elements of cruelty in the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. So, for example, the murder of robbers by a brave tailor, the demand of the stepmother to bring her internal organs(liver and lung) Snow White, the harsh re-education of his wife by King Thrushbeard. But do not confuse elements of cruelty with pronounced violence, which is not here. But the frightening and scary moments present in the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm help children realize their existing fears and subsequently overcome them, which serves as a kind of psychotherapy for the child.

Fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm: list

An extraordinary musician.
Brave little tailor.
About a fisherman and his wife.
Mrs. Blizzard.
Golden bird.
The poor man and the rich man.
Ungrateful son.
Belyanochka and Rosette.
Hare and Hedgehog.
Golden Key.
Queen of bees.
Friendship between cat and mouse.
Successful trading.
Bell.
Straw, coal and bean.
White Snake.
About a mouse, a bird and fried sausage.
Singing bone.
Louse and flea.
A strange bird.
Six swans.
Knapsack, hat and horn.
Golden goose.
Wolf and fox.
Gusyatnitsa.
Kinglet and bear

The best fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm

These include:

A wolf and seven little kids.
Twelve brothers.
Brother and sister.
Hansel and Gretel.
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.
Bremen street musicians.
Smart Elsa.
Thumb Boy.
King Thrushbeard.
Hans is my hedgehog.
One-eyed, two-eyed and three-eyed.
Mermaid.

To be fair, it is worth noting that this list is far from the ultimate truth, since preferences different people may differ radically from each other.

Annotations to some fairy tales by the Brothers Grimm

"Hans is my hedgehog." The fairy tale was written in 1815. It tells about an extraordinary boy and his difficult fate. Outwardly, it resembled a hedgehog, but only with soft needles. He was not liked even by his own father.
"Rumpelstichtsen." It tells the story of a dwarf who has the ability to spin gold from straw.
"Rapunzel". A fairy tale about a beautiful girl with gorgeous long hair. She was imprisoned in a high tower by an evil witch.
“Seat the table yourself, golden donkey and club from a bag.” A tale of the mind-blowing adventures of three brothers, each of whom possessed a magical object.
"The Tale of the Frog King or Iron Henry." The story is about an ungrateful queen who did not appreciate the action of the frog who took out her favorite golden ball. The little frog turned into a beautiful prince.

Description of Jacob and Wilhelm

"Brother and sister." After the stepmother appears in the house, the children have a hard time. So they decide to leave. There are a lot of obstacles on their way that they need to overcome. Complicating everything is the witch-stepmother, who bewitches the springs. By drinking some water from them, you can turn into wild animals.
"The Brave Tailor" The hero of the fairy tale is a brave tailor. Having had his fill of a calm and boring life, he sets off to perform heroic deeds. On the way, he encounters giants and a vile king.
"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs". It tells the story of the king’s delightful daughter, who was joyfully accepted by the seven dwarves, saving her and protecting her in the future from evil stepmother who owns a magic mirror.
"King Thrushbeard." A fairy tale about a city and a beautiful princess who did not want to get married. She rejected all her potential suitors, mocking their real and imagined shortcomings. As a result, her father gives her away to the first person he meets.
"Mistress Blizzard." Can be categorized as " New Year's tales Brothers Grimm." It tells the story of a widow who had own daughter and reception. The stepdaughter had a hard time with her stepmother. But a sudden accident, in which the unfortunate girl dropped a spool of thread into the well, put everything in its place.

Categories of fairy tales

Conventionally, we can divide the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm into the following categories.

Fairy tales about beautiful girls whose lives are constantly ruined by evil sorceresses, witches and stepmothers. Similar storyline many of the brothers' works are imbued.
Fairy tales in which people turn into animals and vice versa.
Fairy tales in which various objects are animated.
which people and their actions become.
Fairy tales whose heroes are animals, birds or insects. They ridicule negative character traits and praise positive features and inherent advantages.

The events of all fairy tales take place in different time years without focusing on it. Therefore, it is impossible to single out, for example, the spring fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. Like, for example, A.N. Ostrovsky’s “The Snow Maiden,” which is accompanied by the title “a spring fairy tale in four acts.”

"Witch Hunters" or "Hansel and Gretel"?

The latest film based on the Brothers Grimm fairy tale is “Witch Hunters.” The film premiered on January 17, 2013.

The fairy tale “Hansel and Gretel” is presented in a condensed form at the beginning of the film. Native father for unknown reasons, he leaves his son and daughter in the forest at night. In desperation, the children go wherever their eyes look and come across a bright and tasty house of sweets. The witch who lured them to this house wants to eat them, but the savvy Hansel and Gretel send her to the oven.

Further events unfold according to the director’s own plans. Many years later, Hansel and Gretel begin a witch hunt, which becomes the meaning of their lives and a way to make good money. By the will of fate, they end up in a small town infested with witches who steal children to perform their rituals. Heroically, they save the entire city.

As you can see, director Tommy Wirkola filmed the Brothers Grimm fairy tale in a laconic form, adding his own continuation to it in a new way.

Conclusion

All children, without exception, need fairy tales. They are able to expand their horizons, develop imagination and creative imagination, cultivate certain character traits. Be sure to read fairy tales by different authors to your children, including the Brothers Grimm.

Just when choosing works, do not forget to pay attention to their publication. After all, there are publications in which episodes are missing or added. This is often not mentioned in the notes. And this is not small nuance, but a significant flaw that can distort the meaning of the fairy tale.

It will also be great if you find time to talk about the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm or play your favorite ones in your spare time.

One evening a young drummer walked alone across a field. He approaches the lake and sees three pieces of white linen lying on the shore. “What a thin cloth,” he said and put one piece in his pocket. He came home, forgot to think about his find and went to bed. But as soon as he fell asleep, it seemed to him as if someone was calling him by name. He began to listen and heard a quiet voice that said to him: “Drummer, wake up, drummer!” And the night was dark, he could not see anyone, but it seemed to him as if some figure was rushing in front of his bed, first rising up, then falling down.

What do you want? - he asked.

Once upon a time there lived a poor shepherd boy. His father and mother died, then his superiors sent him to the house of a rich man, so that he would feed and raise him. But the rich man and his wife had an evil heart, and with all their wealth they were very stingy and unkind to people and were always angry if anyone took advantage of even a piece of their bread. And no matter how hard the poor boy tried to work, they fed him little, but beat him a lot.

Once upon a time there lived an old miller at the mill; He had neither a wife nor children, and he had three servants. They stayed with him for several years, so he said to them one day:

I have already become old, I should now sit on the stove, and you go wander around the world; and whoever brings me home the best horse, I will give the mill to him, and he will feed me until I die.

The third worker was a filler at the mill, and they all considered him a fool and did not assign the mill to him; Yes, he himself didn’t want that at all. And all three of them left, and, approaching the village, they said to Hans the Fool:

In ancient times, when the Lord God was still walking the earth, it happened that one evening he was tired, night overtook him, and he had nowhere to spend the night. And there were two houses along the road, one opposite the other; There was one big and beautiful, and the other was small and unsightly in appearance. Big house belonged to the rich man, and the little one to the poor man. The Lord thought: “I won’t bother the rich man, I’ll spend the night with him.” The rich man heard them knocking on his door, opened the window and asked the stranger what he needed.

A long time ago there lived a king in the world, and he was famous throughout the entire earth for his wisdom. Everything was known to him, as if someone was giving him news about the most secret things through the air. But he had a strange custom: every noon, when everything was cleared from the table and there was no one else left, a reliable servant would bring him another dish. But it was covered, and even the servant did not know what was on this dish; and not a single person knew about it, for the king opened the dish and began to eat only when he was completely alone.

It went on like this for a long time, but one day curiosity overcame the servant, he could not control himself and took the dish to his room. He closed the doors properly, lifted the lid from the dish, and saw a white snake lying there. He looked at her and could not resist trying her; he cut off a piece and put it in his mouth.

Once a woman with her daughter and stepdaughter went out into the field to cut grass, and the Lord God appeared to them in the form of a beggar and asked:

How can I get closer to the village?

“If you want to know the way,” the mother answered, “look for it yourself.”

And if you are worried that you won’t be able to find your way, then take a guide.

A poor widow lived alone in her hut, and in front of the hut she had a garden; There were two rose trees growing in that garden, and white roses were blooming on one, and scarlet ones on the other; and she had two children, similar to these pink trees, one was called Snow White, and the other was Scarlet Flower. They were so modest and kind, so hard-working and obedient, that there were no such people in the world; only Snow White was even quieter and more gentle than Scarlet Flower. Alotsvetik jumped and ran more and more through the meadows and fields, picking flowers and catching butterflies; and Snow White - she mostly sat at home near her mother, helped her with the housework, and when there was no work, read something out loud to her. Both sisters loved each other so much that if they went somewhere, they always held hands, and if Snow White used to say: “We will always be together,” then Scarlet Flower would answer her: “Yes, while we are alive, we will never let’s part” - and the mother added: “Whatever one of you has, let him share it with the other.”

Once upon a time there lived a beautiful queen. One day she was sewing by the window, accidentally pricked her finger with a needle and a drop of blood fell on the snow lying on the windowsill.

The scarlet color of blood on the snow-white cover seemed so beautiful to her that the queen sighed and said:

Oh, how I would like to have a child with a face as white as snow, with lips as scarlet as blood and curls as black as pitch.