The title of Aivazovsky's painting with ships. The most famous paintings by Aivazovsky
Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (Armenian: Հովհաննես Այվազյան, Hovhannes Ayvazyan; July 17, 1817, Feodosia - April 19, 1900, ibid.) - Russian marine painter, battle painter, collector, philanthropist. Painter of the Main Naval Staff, academician and honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Arts, honorary member of the Academies of Arts in Amsterdam, Rome, Paris, Florence and Stuttgart.
The most outstanding artist of Armenian origin XIX century.
Brother of the Armenian historian and Archbishop of Armenia Apostolic Church Gabriel Aivazovsky.
Hovhannes (Ivan) Konstantinovich Aivazovsky was born into an Armenian family of merchant Gevork (Konstantin) and Hripsime Ayvazyan. July 17 (29), 1817 priest Armenian Church The city of Feodosia recorded that “Hovhannes, son of Gevork Ayvazyan” was born to Konstantin (Gevork) Aivazovsky and his wife Hripsime. Aivazovsky's ancestors were Armenians who moved to Galicia from Western Armenia in the 18th century. The artist’s grandfather’s name was Grigor Ayvazyan, his grandmother’s name was Ashkhen. It is known that his relatives owned large land properties in the Lvov region, but no documents have survived that more accurately describe Aivazovsky’s origins. His father Konstantin (Gevork) and after moving to Feodosia wrote his surname in the Polish manner: “Gayvazovsky” (the surname is a Polonized form Armenian surname Ayvazyan). Aivazovsky himself in his autobiography says about his father that, due to a quarrel with his brothers in his youth, he moved from Galicia to the Danube principalities (Moldova, Wallachia), where he took up trade, and from there to Feodosia.
Some lifetime publications dedicated to Aivazovsky convey from his words a family legend that there were Turks among his ancestors. According to these publications, the artist’s late father told him that the artist’s great-grandfather (according to Bludova - on the female side) was the son of a Turkish military leader and, as a child, during the capture of Azov by Russian troops (1696), he was saved from death by a certain Armenian, who baptized and adopted (option - a soldier).
After the artist’s death (in 1901), his biographer N.N. Kuzmin told the same story in his book, but this time about the artist’s father, citing an unnamed document in Aivazovsky’s archive; however, there is no evidence of the veracity of this legend.
The artist’s father, Konstantin Grigorievich Aivazovsky (1771-1841), after moving to Feodosia, married a local Armenian woman, Hripsima (1784-1860), and from this marriage three daughters and two sons were born - Hovhannes (Ivan) and Sargis (later in monasticism - Gabriel) . Initially, Aivazovsky's trading affairs were successful, but during the plague epidemic of 1812 he went bankrupt.
From childhood, Ivan Aivazovsky discovered artistic and musical abilities; in particular, he taught himself to play the violin. Feodosia architect Yakov Christianovich Koch, who was the first to draw attention to artistic ability boy, gave him his first lessons in craftsmanship. Yakov Khristianovich also helped young Aivazovsky in every possible way, periodically giving him pencils, paper, and paints. He also recommended paying attention to young talent Feodosia mayor Alexander Ivanovich Treasurer. After graduating from the Feodosia district school, Aivazovsky was enrolled in the Simferopol gymnasium with the help of Kaznacheev, who at that time was already an admirer of the talent of the future artist. Then Aivazovsky was accepted at public expense in Imperial Academy arts of St. Petersburg.
Aivazovsky arrived in St. Petersburg on August 28, 1833. He initially studied in a landscape class with Maxim Vorobyov. In 1835, for the landscapes “View of the seaside in the vicinity of St. Petersburg” and “Study of air over the sea” he received a silver medal and was assigned as an assistant to the fashionable French marine painter Philippe Tanner. Studying with Tanner, Aivazovsky, despite the latter’s ban on working independently, continued to paint landscapes and presented five paintings at the autumn exhibition of the Academy of Arts in 1836. Aivazovsky's works received favorable reviews from critics. Tanner complained about Aivazovsky to Nicholas I, and by order of the Tsar, all of Aivazovsky’s paintings were removed from the exhibition. The artist was forgiven only six months later and assigned to the battle painting class of Professor Alexander Ivanovich Sauerweid to study naval military painting. Having studied in Sauerweid's class for only a few months, in September 1837 Aivazovsky received the Great gold medal for the painting "Calm". In view of Aivazovsky's special successes in his studies, an unusual decision was made for the academy - to release Aivazovsky from the academy two years ahead of schedule and send him to Crimea for these two years for independent work, and after that - on a business trip abroad for six years.
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The Black Sea is the constant and most frequent subject of Ivan Aivazovsky’s images. A native of Feodosia, the great marine painter knew his native shores almost by heart, which is why the waters of the Black Sea are so diverse in his work. “The Black Sea” is a painting by Aivazovsky, which attracts with its simplicity and inner strength. It depicts nothing but the sea, and that is what makes it subtle and beautiful.
Marine painter Ivan Aivazovsky
The real name of the recognized master of the seascape is Hovhannes Ayvazyan, he comes from the family of an impoverished Armenian merchant. Due to the heavy financial situation young Aivazovsky could not afford decent training in the art of drawing and painting until he attracted the attention of the chief architect of Feodosia with his natural talent.
After initial help from his benefactor, Aivazovsky was able to quickly achieve recognition and popularity. A large role in achieving the status of academician of arts was played by his unique manner of depicting water in general and seascapes in particular.
The painter's talent was not limited to images of the sea, as evidenced by his numerous portraits, rare genre compositions and stories on religious themes. However, Aivazovsky’s only and unquenchable passion was the sea.
The Black Sea in the works of Aivazovsky
Despite the fact that “The Black Sea” (a painting by Aivazovsky, painted in 1881) is the only painting with that title, the great marine painter often depicted the waters of the Black Sea on his canvases. The artist was born in Feodosia and lived there most own life. Aivazovsky believed that it was impossible to draw water from life, since it is the most fickle and changeable of the elements. However, the shores and waves of his native Black Sea were so familiar to him that he could depict their various states from memory.
Among the vast artistic heritage of the author greatest number The paintings are dedicated to the Black Sea, which was the artist’s constant theme. Aivazovsky depicted the Black Sea in all its guises - in calm and storm, day and night, in the rays of the morning sun or in the fire of sunset. The work of the great marine painter leaves no doubt about his love and affection for his native shores.
Description of Aivazovsky’s painting “Black Sea”
Despite the frequent depiction of native shores, in creative heritage There is only one painting by Aivazovsky, which is simply called “The Black Sea”. This canvas was created by the artist in 1881 and offers viewers a view of the endless sea expanse, frozen on the canvas just before the storm begins. The second title of the painting is “A storm begins to break out on the Black Sea.”
“The Black Sea” is a painting by Aivazovsky, characterized by simplicity of plot and practically perfect proportions compositions. The canvas depicts a darkened sea with frequent, restless, but not yet high waves, decorated with small foam ridges. Such waves, penetrated by rays of light and as if glowing from within, were called “Aivazovsky’s waves” by the artist’s contemporaries.
The horizon line divides the picture almost perfectly into two equal parts - a stormy sea below, a darkened sky above, and between them a thin strip of land and a lonely sail rushing towards it are barely visible through a curtain of fog.
Analysis of the picture
“The Black Sea” is a painting by Aivazovsky, which attracts the eye with its relaxed harmony and unusually realistic color palette. In addition to the fact that the picture is compositionally divided in half into sea and sky, the elements of these two parts seem to be reflected in each other.
The dark clouds on the right merge and form an equilateral wedge with the dark waves of the stormy sea. The play of light and shadow in the painting creates a lively composition, the dynamism of which is emphasized by the horizon line tilting slightly to the left.
The symmetry of the forms in the picture is the opposite of the asymmetry in the application of colors: while the sky is replete with a rich palette of shades, including lilac, blue, azure, gray and color Ivory, the sea spread out under the sky cannot boast of such chromatic diversity. The sea in Aivazovsky’s painting “The Black Sea” is painted in bluish-green, muted tones. The painting “Black Sea” (Aivazovsky masterfully depicted the state of the water element) should captivate not with the abundance of details and riot of colors, but with realism, natural beauty and the power of the raging sea.
The Black Sea in other paintings by Aivazovsky
The Black Sea was eternal theme Aivazovsky and never left the canvases on which the great marine painter worked for long. The artist’s works glorify the beauty, variability and natural power of the water element, so it is not surprising that the Black Sea, close to Aivazovsky, is shown in his paintings in all its diversity and inconstancy.
The calm and serene Black Sea can be seen in the paintings “Entrance to Sevastopol Bay” and “Gurzuf”, and its waters, penetrated by the rays of the setting sun, are depicted in the paintings “View of the Sea from the Crimean Mountains” and “Sunset on the Crimean Shores”. The description of Aivazovsky’s painting “Storm on the Black Sea” is complicated by the fact that in the marine painter’s heritage there are three paintings with the same name.
Aivazovsky depicted the Black Sea in the first rays rising sun(“Sunrise in Feodosia”) and in storm wind(“View of Odessa from the sea”). In the artist’s paintings they are engulfed in fog (“ Foggy morning") or illuminated by the bright moon ("Feodosia. Moonlight Night"). Each image of the Black Sea indicates that the marine painter Ivan Aivazovsky carefully kept it in his memory all his life and even in Italy he did not stop painting views of his native shores.
The page is dedicated to Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky, a real singer of the sea and his paintings about the sea. Among Aivazovsky’s paintings there is the most famous painting “The Ninth Wave”.
The “ninth wave” is generally widespread in life artistic image, symbol of fatal and mortal danger. The people have ancient belief that it is the ninth wave that is the most powerful and dangerous. Hence the name of Aivazovsky’s painting “The Ninth Wave”!
But in other wonderful paintings about the sea, Aivazovsky brilliantly expressed the great and powerful spirit of people resisting the sea elements! We are not afraid of the ninth wave!
The search for “pictures of the sea” is very popular on the Internet! And he leads to Aivazovsky!
The photo shows a portrait of Aivazovsky.
Stormy sea. Aivazovsky. The ships are caught in a severe storm! Aivazovsky's paintings are impressive! Harsh pictures of the sea!
Sea shore. Calm. Aivazovsky. The artist Aivazovsky depicted the sea in completely different ways. There is peace and quiet on the shore and at sea. In the distance a ship is sailing on the sea.
Storm at sea at night. Aivazovsky. Aivazovsky’s paintings are so “talking”, they cannot be compared with photographs!
Storm at sea already during the day. Artist Aivazovsky.
And this is Aivazovsky’s painting “Storm on the North Sea”. And the sea is different everywhere.
Venice night. Aivazovsky. An idyllic picture. Wonderful Venice. Aivazovsky’s pictures of the sea contain both drama and idyll! Fight of opposites!
Evening in Cairo. Aivazovsky.
Sometimes the artist was distracted from his main theme of the sea.
Ship explosion. Aivazovsky. Scary picture. The photo will not fully reflect what the artist conveyed to us! Aivazovsky’s paintings convey to us everything that worried the artist, and when seeing such a tragedy it is impossible to remain indifferent!
Wave. Aivazovsky. Terrible wave! The second most famous painting after The Ninth Wave.
The death of Pompeii. Aivazovsky.
The artist was no stranger to historical theme associated with the sea.
Ninth wave. Aivazovsky. The artist's most famous painting.
The ship is long gone, destroyed by the elements of the sea. There is only one mast of the ship left, on which people are courageously and steadfastly fighting for their lives. And the warm colors of the picture instill hope in the viewer for a favorable outcome. “The Ninth Wave” is not so much a tragic picture as it is heroic and inspiring hope.
Sunset on the sea. Aivazovsky.
Sunset. Aivazovsky.
A picture of another sunset.
Italian landscape.
Italy is a maritime country. What peace! Beauty! Pictures of the sea are popular on the Internet!
Kerch. Aivazovsky. Our Sea of Azov.
Moonlight night. Aivazovsky.
Lunar path. Aivazovsky.
Sea with pink cloud. Beauty! Idyllic picture of the sea!
Marine view. Aivazovsky. Gloomy sea.
Napoleon on the island of St. Helena. Aivazovsky. History and the sea.
Bay of Naples. Aivazovsky. Italy and the sea.
Niagara Falls. Aivazovsky. A terrible and majestic spectacle!
Night in Venice. Aivazovsky.
Born in Feodosia on July 29, 1817, the great Russian painter Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky occupies a very significant place in the world of art as a magnificent marine painter and romanticist. It is not surprising that the artist painted mainly seascapes, because there he spent best years own life. The beautiful views of Crimean nature inspired him to new creations. The artist’s favorite subjects are the sky, sea and storms; he also loved to write on biblical themes.
For the artist's birthday LifeGuide offers a look at the most interesting, in our opinion, paintings by the master:
"The Ninth Wave" (1850), oil
In world art, the “ninth wave” means an irresistible force, since it is believed that the ninth wave is the most dangerous. This picture shows the helplessness of man in front of the elements. The riot of colors perfectly conveys the mercilessness and power of marine nature, which takes sailors by surprise. And the rays of the rising sun seem to give them hope for a better end.
The Sinking Ship (1854), pencil
Notice the only color detail in this monochrome painting - the flag, which symbolizes the tiny hope of possible salvation. The picture creates the effect of presence when it seems that the spray of an angry and merciless storm is flying at you.
Sea, Koktebel (1853), oil
The thread interweaves warm colors to create an atmosphere of calm, while maintaining the character of the once raging sea. How contradictory the beauty of marine nature is! The barely hidden sun still illuminates the waves and the sky with the golden evening dawn.
Wave (1889), oil
This grandiose work, made by the artist at the end of his years, makes us understand that the inexorable sea is taking its toll and there is no longer any hope of salvation.
Sailboat off the coast of Crimea in moonlit night(1858), oil
In this picture the sea and sky are unusually calm. Here nature and people no longer compete with each other, but, on the contrary, become one.
Italian landscape. Evening (1857)
The picturesque Italian coast, soft shades, lightness and serenity - this picture evokes only romantic feelings.
Chaos. The Creation of the World (1841), oil
A painting that shows the moment when, according to biblical history, all life on earth is created - water, the first rays of the sun. The picture is so realistic that the elements seem quite real, you can feel the air and water. Symbiosis of dark and light colors symbolize the power of the elements, as the eternal struggle of darkness and light, good and evil. The silhouette in the sky represents the Creator, who makes it clear that soon everything will calm down and peace and silence will reign on earth.
St. George's Monastery. Cape Fiolent (1846), oil
One of the most beautiful places Crimea - Cape Fiolent is depicted on this canvas. The artist built the composition in such a way that if you look at the picture from different angles, the lunar path will move. St. George Monastery was founded in 891, from 1475 to 1794 it was under the jurisdiction of the Patriarch of Constantinople. Then the monastery came under the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church. St. George's Monastery trained chaplains for the Black Sea Fleet. Almost all Russian tsars visited him. And in 1820 A.S. Pushkin visited here.
This painting depicts an event that glorified the Russian fleet - the Battle of Navarino. Here Aivazovsky describes main episode battles - battle of a battleship under the leadership of Captain M.P. Lazarev "Azov" with the main Turkish ship.
Walking on the waters. (1888), oil
This describes the biblical moment when Peter doubted Christ:
Gospel of Matthew, chapter 14, verses 25-33
“And in the fourth watch of the night Jesus went to them, walking on the sea.
And the disciples, seeing Him walking on the sea, were alarmed and said: this is a ghost; and they cried out in fear.
But Jesus immediately spoke to them and said, “Be of good cheer; It's me, don't be afraid.
Peter answered Him: Lord! If it is You, command me to come to You on the water.
He said: go. And Peter got out of the boat and walked on the water to come to Jesus, but seeing strong wind, got scared and, starting to drown, shouted: Lord! save me.
Jesus immediately stretched out his hand, supported him and said to him: you of little faith! why did you doubt?
And when they entered the boat, the wind died down.
And those in the boat came up and worshiped Him and said, “Truly You are the Son of God.”
Later, a painting was painted on the same topic; you can compare them:
Walking on the waters. (1890s), oil
Towers on a rock near the Bosphorus (1859), oil
Wonderful nature is described on this canvas. Although there are waves, the sea remains calm. The hot sun on the horizon, one of the artist’s favorite techniques, makes the water emerald and sparkling, and the stones on the shore warm and light.
Black Sea (1881), oil
The second title of this painting is “ A storm is beginning to break out on the Black Sea.". It depicts a rather cloudy day - waves are approaching, the sea is agitated, and somewhere in the distance a tiny silhouette of a ship is barely visible.
AND . Kramskoy once said about the painting “The Black Sea” that “there is nothing on it except sky and water, but water is a boundless ocean, not stormy, but swaying, harsh, endless, and the sky, if possible, is even more endless. This is one of the most grandiose paintings I know."
