Real options for the exam in literature. Unified State Exam tests in literature

Every year, demo versions of the current year's Unified State Exam are published on the official website of the FIPI.

On August 21, 2017, draft documents were presented regulating the structure and content of the KIM Unified State Exam 2018 (including a demo version of the Unified State Exam in literature).

There are documents that regulate the structure and content of CMMs - codifier and specification.

Unified State Exam in Literature 2018 - demo version with answers and criteria from FIPI

Total tasks – 17; of which by type of task: with a short answer – 12; with a detailed answer – 5; by difficulty level: B – 12; P – 4; IN 1.

The maximum score for the work is 57 (significant changes compared to last year).

Changes in the 2018 Unified State Examination in Literature compared to 2017

1. Improved and closer to OGE criteria evaluation of detailed answers.

2. The algorithm of expert actions when evaluating detailed answers has been simplified different types; greater transparency has been ensured in the formation of assessments for individual tasks and the work as a whole (for the expert and the examinee). The changes are aimed at increasing the objectivity of assessment exam paper and to strengthen continuity between forms of final control at different levels of school education.

3. Control over the quality of the examinee’s speech has been strengthened (speech is assessed in answers to all tasks).

4. The requirements for completing comparative tasks 9 and 16 have been clarified: the instructions for them do not require giving a justification for choosing an example for comparison, which is reflected in the criteria for their evaluation.

5. A fourth task has been introduced in part 2 (the topics of the essays vary, taking into account the genre and gender diversity literary material and literary era).

6. The maximum score for the entire work has been increased from 42 to 57 points.

7. The procedure for appointing 3 experts has been clarified.

8. Instructions for work and individual tasks have been improved (they more fully, consistently and clearly reflect the requirements of the criteria, give a clear idea of ​​what actions and in what logic the examinee must perform)

Duration of the Unified State Examination 2018 in literature

The duration of the Unified State Examination in literature is 3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes).

Distribution of CMM tasks by content, types of skills and methods of action

The list of content elements tested on the Unified State Exam is presented in Section 1 of the codifier. The list contains eight subsections. Based on subsection 1 “Information on the theory and history of literature,” certain terms and concepts are used in the formulation of tasks.

The remaining subsections distribute the works fiction according to different literary eras:

From ancient Russian literature;

From literature of the 18th century;

From literature first half of the 19th century V.;

From the literature of the second half of the 19th century; -

from literature late XIX– beginning of the 20th century;

From the literature of the first half of the 20th century;

From the literature of the second half of the twentieth century – beginning of the XXI V.;

To compile the Unified State Exam KIM, these subsections are combined into content blocks. Each version of the examination paper must contain tasks from three content blocks:

1) Old Russian literature, literature XVIII V. and the first half of the 19th century;

2) literature of the second half of the 19th century;

3) literature of the late 19th century – early 21st century;

Starting from the new academic year 2017-2018, changes have been made to the system of passing the Unified State Exam in our country in several subjects. Rumors about impending changes have been circulating for a long time. The day before, the Minister of Education and Science Russian Federation Olga Vasilyeva confirmed this information. According to her, the changes will affect a number of items, including Unified State Examination in Literature 2018. IN next year School graduates will take the exam differently.

Innovations developed by FIPI (Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements) will radically change the very model of conducting final tests for schoolchildren. It is planned that the exam will now consist only of creative tasks. Typed tests will be eliminated.

Time will tell whether this will improve the quality of testing. Teachers, eleventh-graders themselves and their parents have already begun to thoroughly prepare for literature exams. What changes await graduates in passing the Unified State Exam in Literature?

FIPI presented their official list:

1. The requirement to justify the choice of example for comparison has been removed.
2. To the three previous topics of the essay, a fourth was added.
3. The criteria for assessing the completion of tasks with a detailed answer have undergone significant changes.
4. The maximum for the entire work increased immediately by 15 points (from 42 to 57 points).

Testing with one short answer, which schoolchildren, especially C-grade students, took so often, has been cancelled. Thus, there will be no chance to earn points on tests. According to the developers, such innovations are completely justified. After all, because of its simplicity and monosyllabicity, the answer could be guessed.

With the help of tests of this type (there are 12 similar questions in the current Unified State Examination), knowledge of terminology in literary criticism was tested. In addition, experts are confident that such testing is unnecessary. Since in a detailed written response it is already necessary to operate in terms. And this is quite enough to test basic knowledge. Now, in order to successfully pass the unified state exam in literature, the children will have to work hard.

Starting in 2018, literature assignments will be aimed at testing graduates to present their thoughts beautifully and competently, and to be able to reason based on the works they have read. Many tasks are related to the development of oral speech in schoolchildren and their vocabulary

Increasing the number of optional tasks

Graduates will still be able to choose essay assignments from the proposed options. If previously there were only three tasks, now the list has increased to four. Thus, the choice has expanded, and the student can choose interesting question for the answer to the work.

Let us recall that previously the literature of three periods was proposed for the topic of the essay:

• from Old Russian to literature of the first half of the 19th century;
• second half of the 19th century;
• Russian literature of the 20th century.

In 2018, the developers added works from the late 19th – early 21st centuries. Now the “newest” literature of our state is included. This also includes works that were published in the last ten years. The addition of a fourth essay topic is the most important innovation in the literature exam

The fact that the topics for essays were works of the post-Soviet period does not mean at all that graduates must read any specific authors (mandatory names are not on the list). This innovation will allow the examinee to use the material of literary works of the late 20th and early 21st centuries to reveal a given topic of his choice.

The volume of the essay will increase

As for the minimum volume of a detailed essay, it has become larger. This year it was enough to use 200 words in your answer. Next year the number will increase by 50 and will be 250 words.

The requirements for mini-essays have changed. They have become more clear and specific. If previously it was necessary to write a text 5-10 sentences long. And, as you know, sentences can be short, of three words, for example.

They can also be complex, using large quantities rpm and introductory words. Now everything has become extremely clear. The mini-story must be at least 50 words. This applies to any tasks involving both text analysis and comparison and contrast tasks.

Simplify matching tasks

Next year it is proposed to simplify the comparison tasks as much as possible. To show their reading horizons, graduates had to compare the text using two works. Now one thing will be enough to justify your choice.

Evaluation criteria are being clarified

Experts for a long time thought about the question of how to assess students’ knowledge in full and as objectively as possible. After all, now there are no tasks with short answers that made the knowledge test automatic.

From 2018, it is proposed to tighten the Unified State Exam evaluation criteria for graduates. It is clarified that in addition to testing, which takes into account knowledge of terminology, the assignment must include five essays on selected topics

According to the developers, now the unified exam will be as close as possible to the traditional version of taking a school exam. Perhaps, over time, the unified state exam will be completely abolished.

Specialists taking part in the development of a new model of the Unified State Examination in literature continue to work on a system for assessing knowledge in this subject. They hold meetings, voice problematic issues, express opinions, try to find optimal solutions.

The new Unified State Exam in literature has already been launched

Trial (experimental) Unified State Examination in literature with some changes that this moment already officially approved, was held for the first time in academic year(2015-2016) in 13 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Over 1,000 students from 60 educational institutions took part in it.

It is worth noting that 94% of literature teachers were satisfied with the results of the experiment on introducing a new model for conducting the Unified State Exam in this subject. In their opinion, today this version of the exam allows us to fully give an objective assessment of students’ knowledge

But graduates need not worry. The updated exam is practically no different from the tests of previous years. Yes, and it is unlikely that the state exam in literature will become more difficult. It will not cause any difficulties for graduates.

Already now, on the Internet, developers have published a demo version of the Unified State Exam in Literature 2018 with answers and criteria. Future graduates, parents, teachers and all interested parties can familiarize themselves with the demo version and understand the structure of test materials, the number of tasks, their form and level of difficulty. This gives general idea about the requirements that will be presented to answers to the Unified State Examination in literature.

Video news

The Unified State Exam in Literature is one of the most difficult. According to statistics, no more than 5% of students choose it. The thing is that the assignments are designed with the curriculum of specialized humanities classes and schools in mind. Previously, before the introduction of the Unified State Exam, an essay exam was mandatory and 2 grades were given at once - in literature and the Russian language. Now it’s enough to pass the Unified State Exam in Literature difficult task for a graduate of a regular school, since the questions cover topics studied in specialized classes, and the structure of the ticket itself changes annually.

Most teachers are unanimous in the opinion that to successfully pass the Unified State Exam in literature in the 2017-2018 academic year, it is not enough to simply read all the works from the list school curriculum and be able to correctly express your thoughts. Professional training is required that takes into account the specifics of currently relevant CMMs.

In this material we will tell you:

Having successfully passed the unified state exam in the Russian language, basic or specialized level mathematics (depending on the requirements of the university) and literature, the graduate can choose various directions for himself.

In 2018, such a set of subjects will provide the opportunity to enter the vast majority of creative fields:

• Faculty of Journalism or Military Journalism. Journalism is the most popular humanitarian direction with great job prospects. In most universities there is a huge competition for this specialty. In addition to literature, in most cases, a certificate in a foreign language will be required;
• consistently high competition for places and universities that produce translators (accordingly, it is necessary passing the Unified State Exam in a foreign language);
• linguistic and philological faculties;
• to universities that graduate translators (accordingly, passing the Unified State Exam in a foreign language is required);
• Faculty of Journalism or Military Journalism (some universities also required a certificate in a foreign language);
• faculties teaching creative specialties: graphics, painting, sculpture, restoration, design, vocals, choreography, performing arts etc. (in many universities an additional creative competition is mandatory);
• faculties that provide education as a producer, sound engineer, cinematographer (a profile-level certificate in mathematics is required).

Decide on the list necessary items Before the start of the 2017-2018 academic year, you should familiarize yourself with the requirements for applicants of a particular faculty, which can be found on the official website of the relevant higher education institution.

All changes that will be made in 2018, as well as the most up-to-date information about the Unified State Examination in literature can also always be found on our portal.

Changes in the Unified State Examination in Literature in 2018

As part of the improvement of KIMs, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation has developed a radically new promising model of Unified State Exam tickets in literature and, most likely, already in 2018 graduates will have to deal with a number of innovations:

1. Short answer questions are completely excluded from the tickets.
2. The number of tasks of the participant's choice has increased.
3. In comparison tasks, it will be necessary to compare the text with only 1 work (previously there were 2).
4. Essays will be checked more thoroughly, and the verification criteria will be tightened.
5. The minimum volume of a detailed answer is 50 words, and essays are 250 words (essays less than 200 words in length are scored 0 points).

You can also learn about innovations in the Unified State Examination in Literature by watching a video interview with Dmitry Bak, professor at the Russian State University for the Humanities:

235 minutes are allotted to complete all tasks.

The minimum passing score is 32 points.

To receive an “excellent” grade, you must score more than 67 points.

When evaluating an essay, committee members will rely on the following criteria:

1. Depth of understanding of the problem and presence of your own thoughts. The content of the answers is the main thing. Correct spelling and punctuation do not affect the answer, but speech errors and violations of lexical norms will deduct points.
2. Level of theoretical and literary knowledge of the examinee.
3. The validity of the given excerpts from the works.
4. Logic and consistency of presentation.
5. Compliance with the norms and rules of the Russian language.

List of works for passing the Unified State Exam in literature

One of the most pressing issues worrying 11th graders is the list of works that need to be thoroughly studied in order to successfully pass the Unified State Exam in Literature in the coming 2018.

Indeed, the main difficulty of the exam is the need to possess a sufficiently large amount of information, because Unified State Examination codifier The literature lists:

• more than 150 poems;
• 11 novels;
• 9 poems;
• 6 plays;
• 4 stories;
• about 20 stories.

A complete list of works can be found in the “codifiers” section of the official Unified State Exam website.

Preparation for the Unified State Exam in Literature

It is important to understand that high-quality preparation for the Unified State Exam is not only about familiarizing yourself with the meaning of various works, because to successfully pass the literature exam in 2018 you will need:

• deep understanding of the essence of the problems raised by different authors;
• possession of information about the portraits and characters of heroes;
• the ability to draw parallels between the plot of the work and the spiritual experiences of the author;
• Availability own opinion and the ability to defend and justify it;
• knowledge from the field of literary history.

That is why, read novels, stories, poems, plays, stories and others literary works it is necessary in the original, and not by criticism, but in the process of reading, to pay attention to the little things and lead reader's diary, in which to write down the basic information that will be necessary when preparing for the Unified State Exam and writing essays.

1. Write as many practice essays as possible, building for yourself certain templates for various topics.
2. Create a card for each writer with key dates and important information.
3. Think about the problems of the works.
4. Don’t be lazy to write down phrases that can be used in your essays.
5. If something is very difficult to remember, use diagrams and sketches.

Changes in the system of conducting the Unified State Exam in 2018 have been known for a long time. For the first time, the former head of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Litvinov, announced big changes. In particular, innovations will affect Unified State Examination in Literature 2018.

The new exam, which all graduates of the 2017-2018 academic year will take, will consist entirely of creative tasks. According to the current Minister of Education of Russia Olga Vasilyeva, next year a new promising model of the unified state exam, specially developed by leading specialists of the FIPI Institute, will come into force.

FIPI has finished testing the new model of the unified state exam in literature and graduates of 2018 will already take the exam in a completely new way.

Employees of the Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements took drastic measures, completely eliminating test tasks from CMM. What other innovations await already anxious eleventh graders?

There will be no more short answer questions.

First, let's figure out which ones are the most important in literature. So, as mentioned above, the tests were extracted from the exam.

There were reasons for this step - according to the developers of the new method, the tests do not pose any difficulty for the graduate, being an unnecessary element of assessment. IN test tasks exists Great chance“guess” the correct answer, which FIPI experts in no way agree with.

In the Unified State Examination in literature there will no longer be open-ended test questions, where the student is required to answer in one word or in the form of numerical sequences.

Today's Unified State Exam has twelve such questions from total number. Most of these questions test the graduate's knowledge of the basic terms of literary studies.

However, schoolchildren these days are well versed on these points. In addition, tasks that require detailed written answers are already designed to operate with terms, so additional testing of this knowledge is not required.

Much to the sadness of graduates, they lose the guaranteed opportunity to score points based only on a thorough knowledge of terminology. In addition, the strategy of C grade students to get away with “little loss”, that is, to do only one part with tasks that require short answers, completely collapses. Beginning in 2018, every test taker will be expected to demonstrate the ability to express themselves clearly and effectively.

Increasing the number of optional tasks

From now on, graduates will have a wider choice of options: instead of three tasks for an extended essay, there will be four. That is, you will need to take one topic from the growing list. Having received this or that work for a “big” essay, the student can choose which question will be more interesting for him to answer.

The volume of the essay will increase

In the “main” essay, the minimum amount of required text will be increased. In the current Unified State Examination in literature, the minimum volume is 200 words, but in a year you will need to “put” at least 250 words on paper.

Also, the developers of the new method came to the decision to specify the requirements for mini-essays. If now there are no strict conditions regarding the number of words in such essays (when writing mini-essays, a recommendation of 5-10 sentences appears), then by 2018 FIPI plans to set a minimum volume of 50 words. This requirement will apply to both comparative tasks and text analysis tasks.

Simplify matching tasks

The changes also affected tasks for the so-called “immersion in literary context" If today the Unified State Examination in Literature suggests comparing a text with two texts, thereby showing your horizons as a reader, then in 2018 it is proposed to abolish the task, mentioning only one text for comparison.

Evaluation criteria are being clarified

Now that the Unified State Examination in Literature has no tasks with short answers at all, automatic checking has become impossible. In light of this, the developers of the promising method of a unified examination in literature faced an important task - how to achieve the most objective assessment of a student’s knowledge?

Now the Unified State Exam in Literature consists of five essays, which brings it closer to the “traditional” school final exam. The experts take the matter seriously; all sorts of meetings are held where wishes and suggestions for the approach to evaluating work are expressed. We must assume that by the time of delivery we will know the final decision of the FIPI specialists.

The new Unified State Exam in literature has already been launched

In the academic year 2015-2016, a trial Unified State Examination in literature was conducted with some changes made. More than 1,000 schoolchildren from 60 took part in the “experiment.” educational institutions in 13 subjects of the Federation.

During the testing of a new approach to passing the Unified State Exam in literature, it was revealed that 94% of teachers were in favor of introducing the updated exam. In addition, experts emphasize the fact that the new model is not too different from the previous one in its complexity. In other words, schoolchildren should not worry - passing the Unified State Exam in Literature in 2018 will not become fundamentally more difficult.

Unified State Exam test in literature 2018 purchased the maximum creative nature– in connection with the improvement of CIMs, the exam format has been updated, and the main emphasis is placed on testing the ability to correctly, consistently and beautifully express thoughts.

At the same time, according to experts from FIPI, passing the exam should not become fundamentally more difficult for graduates. After all, they are given a wide choice of topics for essays, the conditions of tasks for “immersion” in the context have been changed - they will have to compare in half as much. And for those for whom writing essays is not a problem, the new Unified State Exam model will be to their liking.

Changes to the exam structure

Radical changes have affected tickets for literature– now they do not contain tasks with open answers and, as a result, automatic knowledge testing is excluded.

WITH 2018 This year, the Unified State Exam will be a “set” of five essays, which will bring its format as close as possible to a standard school exam.

At preparation don't ignore the use demo versions of the Unified State Examination in literature– last year’s version has already lost its relevance, but a version corresponding to this has been developed and published updated format. And do not limit yourself to just a superficial study of the meaning of the work, learn to understand as deeply as possible the essence of the problem that the author raises, find connections between the plot and the experiences of the characters in the work, defend and justify your opinion that arose after reading.

Works required for the exam

Number of works :

• poetry - more than 150 poems and 9 poems;
• novels – 11;
• plays – 6;
• stories – 4;
• stories - within 20.

A specific list can be found in.

How to prepare to write an essay

Despite the small volume of the exam essay, writing it is not easy for many: anxiety and lack of experience in creating written work interfere.

To ensure everything goes smoothly during the exam, preparation must be adhered to certain rules:

• write as much as possible, write regularly;
• build your own unique template, on the basis of which you will create essays in different topics;
• delve into the problems of the work;
• write cards for each work or author;
• write down all the good phrases and quotes that can be used for your essay;
• train online.