Lyrical digressions in the novel “Eugene Onegin. The role of lyrical digressions in the creation of the “encyclopedia of Russian life” (Based on the novel by A. S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin”)

Lyrical digressions in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".

"Eugene Onegin" - the first realistic novel in Russian literature, which “reflected the century and modern man depicted quite accurately."
A.S. Pushkin worked on the novel from 1823 to 1831.

In this work, the author freely moves from the plot narrative to lyrical digressions that interrupt the flow of the “free novel.” In lyrical digressions, the author tells us his opinion about certain events, characterizes his characters, and talks about himself. So, we learn about the author’s friends, about literary life, about plans for the future, we get acquainted with his thoughts about the meaning of life, about friends, about love and much more, which gives us the opportunity to get an idea not only about the heroes of the novel, about the life of Russian society of that time, but also about the personality of the poet himself.

We encounter the first lyrical digressions already in the first chapter of the novel by A.S. Pushkin. The author describes Evgeny Onegin and shows his attitude towards the silent

“The conditions of light having overthrown the burden,

How does he, having fallen behind the bustle,

I became friends with him at that time.

I liked his features."

Pushkin also considers himself to be in the generation of Eugene Onegin. At the beginning of the novel
Onegin is portrayed without any evil irony; his disappointment in the world brings him closer to the author: “I was embittered, he was gloomy,” and makes readers feel sympathy for him: “I liked his features.” Pushkin notices those features that make him similar to the hero: attention to appearance: “you can be a sensible person and think about the beauty of your nails,” and ladies at balls, but at the same time he is always “glad to notice the difference” between them and asks the reader not identify them. But in relation to nature, Pushkin and Onegin are not alike. Pushkin sees nature as a source of inspiration and positive emotions:

"I was born for a peaceful life,

For village silence"

And then Pushkin notes:

"Flowers, love, village, idleness,

Fields! I am devoted to you with my soul

I'm always happy to notice the difference

Between Onegin and me."

Everything truly Russian, Pushkin believes, is inextricably linked with the natural principle and is in complete harmony with it.

We see the same reverent attitude towards the beauties of nature in the heroine Tatyana Larina, who is spiritually close to the poet. It is in nature that she finds peace of mind. So, leaving for St. Petersburg,

“It’s like with old friends,

With its groves and meadows

And having found himself in the “noise of brilliant vanities,” he most of all yearns for “life in the field.” Thus, the author paints his heroine with a “Russian soul,” despite the fact that she “expresses herself with difficulty in her native language.” Tatyana “believed in ancient legends, and dreams, and card fortune-telling, and predictions of the moon.”

Lyrical digressions are usually associated with the plot of the novel, but there are also those in which Pushkin reflects on his fate:

“The spring of my days has flown by

(What was he jokingly repeating until now)?

And she really has no age?

Am I really going to be thirty years old soon?” - about the poet’s lifestyle:

"I knew you

Everything that is enviable for a poet:

Oblivion of life in the storms of light,

Sweet conversation with friends"

Pushkin talks in lyrical digressions about the concept of the novel:

Many, many days have passed

Since young Tatiana

And Onegin is with her in a vague dream

Appeared to me for the first time -

And the distance of a free romance

Me through a magic crystal

I haven’t seen it clearly yet.”

In the lyrical digressions of A.S. Pushkin, we learn a lot about the poet himself, his attitude towards the heroes of the novel, towards way of life that time. These digressions allow us to present the image of the poet more clearly and clearly.

// / Role lyrical digressions Pushkin in the novel “Eugene Onegin”

Alexander Pushkin’s work “Eugene Onegin” is a great treasure of classical literature of the early 19th century. Every reader can find something of their own in it. The famous Russian critic Vissarion Belinsky believed that this novel in verse he exhaustively reflects Russian life.

“” is a work with a variety of issues: man and society, unrequited love, ideal and reality. Great importance in the novel there are lyrical digressions by the author. Thus, Pushkin expressed his point of view regarding events and expressed his opinion about the heroes.

Analyzing the lyrical digressions, we can conclude that main character and the author himself are like-minded people. Pushkin writes about Evgeny as an “old friend.”

In total, the novel has 27 lyrical digressions and at least 50 different lyrical insertions. Alexander Pushkin positioned his work as “free,” that is, the author and the reader became closer through the author’s direct appeals to the readers. Thus, Pushkin freely thought about the meaning of literature, about his intention to write prose.

Lyrical digressions help reveal the portrait of the author. Before us appears an educated, intelligent, understanding person. Vissarion Belinsky spoke warmly about Pushkin’s novel. Literary critic believed that this work embodied the very nature of the author, his spiritual impulses, dreams, ideals.

Lyrical digressions are peculiar indentations from the text that tell about contemporary poet problems. The author appeals to readers with eternal questions and makes them think about their solution.

Lyrical digressions are distinguished by vivid language, emotionality, and simplicity of presentation. All this creates a trusting atmosphere of direct, easy communication between the author and his reader.

The author's position is visible in everything. He does not hide his attitude towards the characters. He calls Evgeniy “an old friend,” therefore, without being a hypocrite, he talks about his advantages and disadvantages. The author speaks quite ironically about the education system of noble children: “they learned something and somehow.” Following fashion, owned well French, however, he was poorly acquainted with his native culture.

The novel in verse “Eugene Onegin” is one of the greatest assets of Russian literature of the 19th century. Everyone who read this work found something new for themselves. V. G. Belinsky rightly called the novel “an encyclopedia of Russian life.”
In “Eugene Onegin” A.S. Pushkin separated the author from the main character. The narrator, on whose behalf the story is told, is present in the novel along with other characters. And the author’s worldview differs from the worldview of his heroes.
The poet in the novel raises many problems: the position of a person in society, the influence of historical conditions on the individual, unhappy love, the meaning of life. The novel is given a special uniqueness by lyrical digressions, in which the author expresses his attitude to events and characters, and also philosophizes on various topics.
In my opinion, in his lyrical digressions, Pushkin emphasizes the spiritual closeness of himself and the main character of the work: “Onegin is my good friend,” “Tatyana is a dear ideal.” The author's reflections are primarily an extra-plot element, with the help of which the narrator addresses the reader from the pages of the book, while certain ideas are expressed directly, and not on behalf of any character.
In “Eugene Onegin” there are twenty-seven lyrical digressions and about fifty different lyrical insertions. For a novel that the author himself called “free,” this form of communication with the reader is very important, since it creates the feeling of a relaxed conversation on the most different topics. So, Pushkin reflects on his favorite pastime - literature, on the desire to write in prose.
I believe that lyrical digressions seem to recreate the image of Pushkin himself - an intelligent, loving, humane man. This was the reason for Belinsky to say: “Onegin” is Pushkin’s most sincere work, the most beloved child of his imagination, here is his whole life, all his soul, all his love; here are his feelings, concepts, ideals.” In lyrical digressions, the poet raises the pressing problems of his time, and also addresses the eternal, human issues. Most often it is associated with love:
Love for all ages;
But to young virgin hearts
Her impulses are beneficial,
Like storms outside the fields.
In the rain of passions they become fresh,
And they renew themselves and mature -
And the mighty life gives
And lush color and sweet fruit.
In another digression, Pushkin writes about romantic literary heroes, to which the author gives his own special characteristics:
Lord Byron by a lucky whim
Cloaked in sad romanticism
And hopeless selfishness.
The poet also addresses his contemporary society, in which there is a lot of envy, pretense and cruelty. Often some absurdity in this society can cause the death or murder of a person:
Enemies!
They are in silence to each other
They are preparing death in cold blood...
Shouldn't they laugh while
Their hand is not stained,
Shouldn't we part ways amicably?..
But wildly secular enmity
Afraid of false shame.
Pushkin abandons the traditional introduction with an address to the muse, but there is something similar to this at the end of the seventh chapter:
Yes, by the way, here are two words about that:
I sing to my young friend
And his many quirks
Bless my long work,
O you epic muse!
The language of lyrical digressions is distinguished by liveliness, simplicity and expressiveness, which, in my opinion, creates spontaneity and friendliness towards the reader and the characters of the novel. Through the language of the narrative, the author expressed his attitude towards the characters. So, in the first chapter, the reader is familiar with Onegin, Pushkin used the style of secular speech with its feature of “without being forced to touch on everything lightly in a conversation.” He used French in English words, spoke with a grin about Onegin’s upbringing, about his education. Characterizing Lensky’s subtle and impressionable nature, the author used romantic vocabulary: “He wandered through the world with a lyre,” “the soul ignited in him with poetic fire.”
The author describes his favorite heroine Tatyana in a completely different way. There is a special kindness and warmth in his words. The epithet dear is used very often: “I love Tatyana so much,” “Tatyana, dear Tatyana,” “and dear Tanya’s youth fades.” Also, when describing her image, the narrator uses diminutive forms of words: “she wrote with a charming finger,” “the little voice sounds.” Talking about the girl’s love, the poet decorates the lines with epithets and metaphors, emphasizing her emotional unrest: “she drinks, a seductive deception,” “her cheeks are covered with an instant flame.” Thus, various artistic and stylistic means successfully used by Pushkin to express his attitude towards the heroes and to more accurately characterize them.
Thus, we can say that the author in the novel appears as an educated and wise person. He is deep and attentive to the problems of contemporary society. His statements are so bright and expressive that they later became aphorisms (“you can be a practical person and think about the beauty of your nails.”, “all ages are submissive to love,” “like rosy lips without a smile, without a grammatical error, I don’t like Russian speech”). The author often empathizes with his heroes, and he is not indifferent to their fates.
I think “Eugene Onegin” - amazing work, since it was not similar to others either in its form or content. The peculiarity of the novel is its content and relevance both for the nineteenth century and for our days.

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The role of lyrical digressions in A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin”

RESPONSE PLAN

1. Features of the genre of A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin”.

2. The role of lyrical digressions in the novel.

3. The topic of lyrical digressions in the novel: the poet’s views on culture, literature, language; reconstruction of the poet's biography; the poet's memories of his youth and friends; appeal to the Muse and the reader; landscape sketches; education and pastime of youth; everyday life, fashion; Russian history.

4. The novel “Eugene Onegin” - lyrical diary author.

1. A. S. Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” is the greatest work that has no analogues in genre in Russian literature. This is not just a novel, but a novel in verse, as Pushkin wrote, “a devilish difference.” The novel “Eugene Onegin” is a realistic, historical, social and everyday novel, where Pushkin depicted Russian life on an unprecedentedly wide, truly historical scale. In his novel two principles merged - lyrical and epic. The plot of the work is epic, and lyrical is author's attitude to the plot, characters, reader, which is expressed in numerous lyrical digressions.

The heroes of the novel are like “good friends” of its creator: “I love my dear Tatyana so much,” “I became friends with him at that time...”, “My poor Lensky...” Lyrical digressions expand the time frame of the plot action in the novel, connecting the past to it.

3. The author’s voice is heard in numerous lyrical digressions, in which he, distracted from the action, talks about himself, shares his views on culture, literature, and language. Lyrical digressions present the author as a hero own novel and reconstruct his biography. In the poetic lines, the poet’s memories of the days when in the gardens of the Lyceum “he serenely blossomed” and the Muse began to “appear” to him come to life, about forced exile - “will the hour of my freedom come?”

The author as a character in the novel is associated with the mention of his friends and acquaintances: Kaverin, Delvig, Chaadaev, Derzhavin, sad and bright words about past days and departed friends: “Some are no longer there, but those are far away...” In reflections on life, its transience , about the time of the poet visit philosophical thoughts which he shares with his readers on the pages of the novel:

Am I about to be thirty years old...

……………………………………

But it's sad to think that it's in vain

We were given youth.

……………………………………

Perhaps it won't drown in Lethe

A stanza composed by me;

Perhaps (a flattering hope!)

The future ignorant will point out

To my illustrious portrait

And he says: that was the Poet!

The poet is concerned about the fate of his creation, and he, constantly turning to the reader and presenting him with a “collection motley chapters", tells from the pages of his novel how he works on it:

I finished the first chapter;

I reviewed all of this strictly:

There are a lot of contradictions

But I don’t want to fix them.

……………………………

It's time for me to become smarter

Get better in business and style,

And this fifth notebook

Clear from deviations.

The themes of lyrical digressions in Eugene Onegin are very diverse. We learn about how secular youth were brought up and spent their time, the author’s opinion about balls, fashion, food, and the life of the “golden” noble youth. This is the theme of love: “What smaller woman we love, the easier it is for her to like us,” and the theme of the theater where Didelot’s ballets were performed and Istomina danced, and a description of everyday life landed nobility, going back to oral folk art, - Tatyana’s dream, reminiscent of a Russian fairy tale, fortune telling.

Dwelling on the description of the life of the local nobility, in particular the Larin family living in the village, the author says:

They kept life peaceful

Habits of a dear old man.

…………………………………

She went to work

Solila on winter mushrooms,

She managed expenses, shaved her foreheads...

Numerous landscape sketches are important for the development of the action. All seasons of the year pass before the reader: summer with sad noise, with its meadows and golden fields, autumn, when the forests were exposed, winter, when the frosts crackled, spring:

Nature's clear smile

Through a dream he greets the morning of the year;

And the nightingale

Already singing in the silence of the night.

For the first time in Russian literature, a rural landscape of the Central Russian strip appears before us. Nature helps reveal the characters’ characters; sometimes the landscape is described through their perception:

Tatyana saw through the window

In the morning the yard turned white.

Another topic of lyrical digressions has important in the novel it is an excursion into Russian history. The lines about Moscow and Patriotic War 1812:

Moscow... so much in this sound

For the Russian heart it has merged!

How much resonated with him!

…………………………………

Napoleon waited in vain

Intoxicated with the last happiness,

Moscow kneeling

With the keys of the old Kremlin;

No, my Moscow did not go

To him with a guilty head.

4. The novel “Eugene Onegin” - deeply lyrical work. This is a diary novel, from which we learn no less about Pushkin than about his heroes, and the author’s voice does not interfere, but contributes to the disclosure of images with realistic breadth and truth. Having recreated an entire historical era and linked the epic and lyrical into a single whole, the novel was (as the author intended) “the fruit of the mind of cold observations and the heart of sorrowful notes.”

Lyrical digressions in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin".

"Eugene Onegin" is the first realistic novel in Russian literature, in which

“The century is reflected and modern man is depicted quite correctly.” A.S. Pushkin worked on the novel from 1823 to 1831.

We encounter the first lyrical digressions already in the first chapter of the novel by A.S. Pushkin. The author describes Evgeny Onegin and shows his attitude towards the silent

“The conditions of light having overthrown the burden,

How does he, having fallen behind the bustle,

I became friends with him at that time.

I liked his features."

Pushkin also considers himself to be in the generation of Eugene Onegin. At the beginning of the novel, Onegin is depicted without evil irony; disappointment in the world brings him closer to the author: “I was embittered, he was gloomy,” and makes readers feel sympathy for him: “I liked his features.” Pushkin notices those features that make him similar to the hero: attention to appearance: “you can be a sensible person and think about the beauty of your nails,” and ladies at balls, but at the same time he is always “glad to notice the difference” between them and asks the reader not identify them. But in relation to nature, Pushkin and Onegin are not alike. Pushkin sees nature as a source of inspiration and positive emotions:

"I was born for a peaceful life,

For village silence"

And then Pushkin notes:

"Flowers, love, village, idleness,

Fields! I am devoted to you with my soul

I'm always happy to notice the difference

Between Onegin and me."

Everything truly Russian, Pushkin believes, is inextricably linked with the natural principle and is in complete harmony with it.

“It’s like with old friends,

With its groves and meadows

Still in a hurry to talk.”

Lyrical digressions are usually associated with the plot of the novel, but there are also those in which Pushkin reflects on his fate:

“The spring of my days has flown by

(What was he jokingly repeating until now)?

And she really has no age?

Am I really going to be thirty years old soon?” - about the poet’s lifestyle:

"I knew you

Everything that is enviable for a poet:

Oblivion of life in the storms of light,

Sweet conversation with friends"

Pushkin talks in lyrical digressions about the concept of the novel:

Many, many days have passed

Since young Tatiana

And Onegin is with her in a vague dream

Appeared to me for the first time -

And the distance of a free romance

Me through a magic crystal

I haven’t seen it clearly yet.”

In the lyrical digressions of A.S. Pushkin, we learn a lot about the poet himself, his attitude towards the heroes of the novel, towards the way of life of that time. These digressions allow us to present the image of the poet more clearly and clearly.