Love Arcadia. The essay “Why does the novel “Fathers and Sons” present the story of the happy love of Arkady Kirsanov and Katya Lokteva

Blessed is he who was young from his youth,
Blessed is he who is ripe in time,
Who gradually life is cold
He knew how to endure meetings;
Who strange dreams didn't indulge
Who has not shunned the secular mob,
Who at twenty was a dandy or a smart guy,
And at thirty he is profitably married;
Who was freed at fifty
From private and other debts,
Who is fame, money and ranks
I got in line calmly,
About whom they have been repeating for a century:
N.N. wonderful person.
A. S. Pushkin

It is no secret that a person’s moral principles may well manifest themselves in love. Revealing the image of the nihilist Bazarov, the main character of the novel, Turgenev describes tragic story his love for the provincial beauty Odintsova, and next to him, for contrast, the writer unfolds the story happy love Arkady Kirsanov (university friend of Bazarov) and Katya Lokteva (younger sister of Odintsova). Why did the first story end in a breakup, and the second in a wedding? Of all the possible reasons-explanations, three main ones should be highlighted: financial situation heroes, their characters and beliefs.

Arkady Kirsanov is the grandson of a general, the heir of his father and uncle, a relative (though distant) of important St. Petersburg officials, the Kolyazins. Although Nikolai Petrovich constantly complains about economic problems, the Kirsanovs own a large steppe (black earth) estate, which, if properly managed, can generate quite a decent income. In a word, Arkady is a groom anywhere. Bazarov is the grandson of a sexton, the son of a regimental doctor, who received hereditary nobility for conscientious service and did not make any influential friends or patrons. Consequently, the young nihilist can only inherit from his parents a tiny estate of twenty-two peasant souls. In other words, from birth Arkady is freed from the harsh “struggle for life” and is free to choose any career for himself: public service, family estate management, calm family joys or wasting his life, while poor Bazarov must, if he wishes, achieve everything in life himself.

The financial situation of Anna Sergeevna Odintsova and Katya Lokteva is also different, although they are sisters. Their father, a brilliant swindler and card player, squandered the entire family fortune in St. Petersburg and Moscow and died, leaving his daughters a small estate in one village. However, Anna Sergeevna, a twenty-year-old beauty with a brilliant metropolitan upbringing, belonging to a princely family on her mother’s side, married a rich forty-six-year-old

(XV) of the landowner Odintsov and after his death became a rich widow, still young and beautiful. Anna Sergeevna, from the very death of her father, took upon herself the care of younger sister, and Katya did not need anything by the grace of Odintsova (XXV), but at the same time Katya still owned only half of her father’s village, that is, she was a poor bride, almost without a dowry.

It should be noted that the young heroes of the novel are people of broad views; for them the poverty of a friend or loved one is not of paramount importance. The rich heir Arkady Kirsanov became friends with the poor student Bazarov, married Katya, without thinking about her dowry. Bazarov fell in love with the rich woman Odintsova, captivated by her beauty and intelligence, and she was carried away by him, and in her discussions about the “doctor” the thought of his poverty did not arise at all.

In both love stories, the characters' characters played a more serious role than material considerations. Arkady is good-natured, flexible, sensitive, moderately intelligent and observant - in a word, a young man, “pleasant in all respects.” Having danced a mazurka with Odintsova at a ball, he fell in love with the young widow with “graceful humility” (XIV), that is, he sighed languidly about her and did not dare to bother her with his courtship. Young Kirsanov naively succumbed to Bazarov’s cunning, who, in order to remove his young rival, upon arrival in Nikolskoye, immediately drew his attention to Katya: “... this dark-skinned one. It’s fresh, and untouched, and timid, and silent, and whatever you want” (XVI). Arkady easily gets confused in his affairs of the heart: he, “who finally decided with himself that he was in love with Odintsova, began to indulge in quiet despondency. However, this despondency did not prevent him from getting closer to Katya” (XVII). Perhaps, thanks to his soft, easy-going character, Katya liked young Kirsanov, and she helped him understand where his happiness lay.

One day Katya asked Arkady: “Don’t compare me with my sister... it’s too unfavorable for me” (XXV). However, she is clearly being modest: she is very similar to Anna Sergeevna in her prudence, restraint, and determination. She behaves so smartly with young Kirsanov that he, sighing about Odintsova, imperceptibly becomes attached to his younger sister: “Katya vaguely understood that he was looking for some kind of consolation in her company, and did not deny either him or herself the innocent pleasure of half-bashful , half-trusting friendship" (XVII). Saying goodbye to Arkady forever, Bazarov says: “...I hope for Katerina Sergeevna. Look how quickly she will console you” (XXVII). And Bazarov is right. “Tame” Arkady needs true friend and leader. As soon as Bazarov leaves the life of young Kirsanov, Katya takes his place: already in the evening after the departure of his university friend, Arkady began to submit to the bride, “and Katya felt it and was not surprised” (XXVI).

It is Katya who chooses Arkady as her life partner, although he himself is sure of the opposite. It is she who explains to Arkady the difference between him and Bazarov: “... you are a stranger to him. (...) He is predatory, and you and I are tame” (XXV), but he does this very tactfully, because she herself takes Arkady’s side (“you and I”). At the same time, none other than Katya reminds her husband about Bazarov at the end of the novel during a gala dinner.

Bazarov’s character is the complete opposite of Arkady: stern, self-confident, decisive, remarkably smart and purposeful, at the same time honest and sincere. He did not, like his friend, “give in to the quiet despondency” (XVII) of love, did not become deceived about his feelings for Anna Sergeevna, which he declares to young Kirsanov: “Eh, yes, I see, Arkady Nikolaevich, you understand love, like all the new young people: chick, chick, chicken, and as soon as the chicken starts to approach, God bless your legs! I am not like that” (XXI). He got a little angry at himself for romantic love, which he had not believed in before, he resolutely confessed his feelings to Odintsova. His passion was so great that it captured and at the same time frightened Anna Sergeevna: “...passion beat in him, strong and heavy - a passion similar to anger and, perhaps, akin to it... Odintsova felt scared and sorry for him” ( XVIII). The young nihilist is distinguished by external restraint and internal pride (“satanic pride,” as Pavel Petrovich put it - X): Bazarov outwardly calmly accepted Anna Sergeevna’s refusal (XIX), but proudly refused her pity-mercy (XXVI).

While visiting his parents, he declares to Arkady: “When I meet a person who would not give up on the front line, (...) then I will change my opinion about myself” (XXI). However, the proud nihilist is disingenuous - he has already met such a person. This is Odintsova, and in terms of strength of character (“... her character was free and quite decisive” - XV) she is not inferior to Bazarov. Anna Sergeevna, while still a young woman, had already experienced and successfully overcome many difficulties: the ruin of her family, six years of living with a husband whom “she could barely stand” (XVI), the evil tongue of county gossips, responsibility for the fate of her younger sister, managing the estate. Intelligence and interest in life, gentleness and independence in thoughts (she “favored Bazarov, although she rarely agreed with him” - XVII), aversion to vulgarity and tolerance for other people’s shortcomings, beauty and self-esteem - such a combination of character qualities in Anna Sergeevna makes fair the initial assessment given to her at the ball by Bazarov: “What kind of figure is this? (...) She’s not like other women” (XIV). It is not surprising that Bazarov found only in Odintsova, and not in anyone else (including his parents), the only person in the novel with whom he could talk seriously and frankly on any topic, starting with the device Russian state, continuing with questions of medicine, botany, ending with problems of happiness, love, and one’s own future.

Finally, beliefs (principles) regarding love played a crucial role in the fate of the heroes of the novel. Arkady and Katya value mutual love and want to have a family. Both agree to limit their lives to the “home circle” (A.S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin”, 4, XIII), agree to submit to each other in order to avoid family quarrels: “...respect yourself and submit, I understand that; this is happiness...” (XXV), says Katya. They agree to sacrifice their independence (“What is it for?” - XXV) in order to live together. Arkady, a kind and compliant man, thinks so quite sincerely. Katya has more complex considerations.

For eight years, Katya has been able to watch her elderly aunt - the useless Princess Avdotya Stepanovna, a hanger-on in Odintsova’s house. So as not to repeat the sad fate of this old maid. Katya should marry young Kirsanov, just as eight years ago Anna Sergeevna should have married the rich man Odintsov. Odintsov was older than Anna Sergeevny for twenty-five years, but he was smart and lonely, so the young wife had to adapt only to his tastes and desires. Katya marries a young and rich man, but she must get along with his diverse relatives: the narrow-minded Nikolai Petrovich, the simple-minded Fenechka, the gloomy Pavel Petrovich, the lively Mitya. And Katya, as follows from the ending of the novel, knows how to get along with everyone. Thanks to her, Arkady received from life everything he dreamed of: calm love, a kind wife, and a year later, his son Kolya - in a word, he healed life to the fullest, as it should be for a positive person.

If Arkady and Katya see love and family as a worthy goal in life, then Bazarov and Odintsova think differently. Bazarov, as it turns out, can fall passionately in love with a woman, but at the same time considers love to be best case scenario a pleasant addition to serious activities, scientific or social. That's why he so decisively rejects life experience Pavel Petrovich: “...a man who put his whole life on the line female love and when this card was killed for him, he became limp and sank to the point that he was not capable of anything, this kind of person is not a man, not a male” (VII). From Bazarov’s point of view, the real business requires complete dedication, which means one must be prepared for a “homeless life” (XXVI), that is, lonely, without a family, but it is the real business that is of interest to a real person. And love and family are the lot of ordinary mortals who only know how to follow natural instincts. It is not for nothing that when parting, Bazarov pointed out to Arkady “a couple of jackdaws sitting side by side on the roof of the stable”: after all, “the jackdaw is the most respectable family bird” (XXVI).

Anna Sergeevna, having lived to be twenty-eight years old without love, simultaneously wants and is afraid to fall in love. Having married Odintsov eight years ago out of convenience because of extreme poverty, she fully experienced what it means to live as a suspicious, painful, “sour” person, although kind person(XV). Now, being free and independent, she can choose the subject for her romantic feelings, that is, she can calmly consider her response to Bazarov’s confession. She admitted to herself that she liked the nihilist very much, but she already realized that for this ambitious man, love would not become the main thing in life. But Anna Sergeevna has her own idea of ​​true love: “Life for life. You took mine, give me yours, and then without regret and without return. Otherwise it’s better not to” (XVII). An affair with Bazarov could only give Odintsova love: the nihilist could not give his chosen one wealth, weight in society, or secular success, and his love would have been short-lived. No matter how passionately he was in love, he would quickly remember his business. So, Anna Sergeevna, having soberly weighed the circumstances, refused Bazarov, preferring peace and comfort to unreliable feelings: “No, (...) God knows where this would lead, you can’t joke about this, calmness is still better than anything in the world” (XVIII ).

To summarize, we note that contrast is one of the favorite artistic techniques Turgenev. The character of the main character is best revealed through a paired comparison of images (Bazarov - Pavel Petrovich, Bazarov - Arkady, Bazarov - caricatured nihilists, Bazarov - parents) or in similar situations (the love story of Arkady and Katya Lokteva - the love story of Bazarov and Odintsova). It must be admitted that the intended contrast with the two love stories turned out to be very convincing.

It is easy for an ordinary (in other words, ordinary) Arkady to find his place in the world - follow the example of your “fathers” and you will be happy like them. And if a person is “strange” (in other words, unusual), if it’s not enough for Bazarov to “sleep, eat gingerbread and worry about not stopping world history"(Dostoevsky), what then? “Breaking” it and forcibly trimming it down to ordinary people? Turgenev quite clearly expresses his idea in the novel: let everyone get theirs (Suum cuique - XX).

Arkady and Katya strove for family happiness and achieved it. Out of ardent love, Arkady is ready to submit to his wife, and such submission is not offensive to him. Katya finds worthy use of her strong character, helping her husband in everything and raising her son. Anna Sergeevna, having married a second time not out of convenience, but “out of conviction” to a future outstanding figure (XXVIII), also fulfilled her dream of peace and dignity. It’s only strange that Bazarov, as some literary scholars claim, is dying of love (!): after all, he dreamed of a high career for the benefit of Russia, and considered love (even after the story with Odintsova) to be an addition to the main cause. The proof can be his last conversation with Arkady (XXVI).

The novel by I. S. Turgenev is multifaceted in terms of genre. Firstly, this family romance, since it shows the relationship between parents and children in the family. Secondly, it is socio-ideological, because it reflects the struggle between liberal nobles and commoners. Thirdly, psychological, since the author deeply reveals inner world his heroes, creates psychologically accurate types of people.

And finally, we can call Turgenev’s work philosophical, due to the fact that the writer turns to eternal themes life and death, the meaning of human existence.

The episode “Explanation of Arkady and Katya” helps readers understand why the younger Kirsanov, who idolized his “teacher” - Bazarov’s friend, abandons his previous beliefs and leaves the proud and proud nihilist alone. Why did shy and timid Katya turn out to be stronger not only than the self-confident Bazarov, but also her sister Anna Sergeevna Odintsova?

It was under Katya’s influence that Arkady left the “satirical direction” and began to look for ideals in places other than where he had looked for them before. He finds them in the family he creates, as we learn from last chapter, with Katya.

From the camp of “children” he moves to the camp of “fathers”. His son is born, he becomes a “zealous owner.”

Let's turn to the episode "Explanation of Arkady and Katya" and try to understand how the characters are revealed in it characters novel.

The location of the action, the environment in which the conversation of young people takes place, is important. A tall ash tree, in the shade of which Arkady and Katya are sitting on a turf bench; pale golden spots of light on the garden path and on the yellow back of the greyhound dog Fifi, and the “small family of sparrows” that the girl feeds by throwing crumbs of white bread to them - everything in this picture creates an atmosphere of peace, tranquility and harmony. Young people feel very good around each other; there is a sincere and trusting relationship between them. They agree on many points of view, they equally love nature and art. With Katya, Arkady can be himself. He is not afraid that any of his statements will cause rejection or condemnation. Let us remember the significant conversation between friends at a haystack, when Arkady compared the movements of a dry maple leaf with the flight of a butterfly, and Bazarov interrupted him: “Oh, my friend Arkady Nikolaevich!.. I ask you one thing: don’t speak beautifully.” Communicating with Katya, young Kirsanov can allow himself to “speak beautifully”: “Don’t you think... that “ash” in Russian is very well named: not a single tree comes through in the air as easily and clearly as it does.” Katya agrees with him, and Arkady thinks with pleasure: “This one doesn’t reproach me for expressing myself beautifully.”

Odintsova’s younger sister is very observant, her statements about people are true and accurate. For example, she well understands the alienness of Bazarov not only to her, but also to Arkady: “He is predatory, and you and I are tame,” “Predatory” are strong, independent natures striving to remake the world. Katya and Arkady are “tame” because they have a simplicity of character, they are not going to destroy the old, but only continue the same, develop it. The girl notes that her sister changed her attitude towards Arkady and became “disposed” towards him. Proud and independent Anna Sergeevna was also under the influence of Bazarov, “but no one can get the better of her for a long time.”

Young people even think alike, agreeing that they do not need independence. Smart and sensitive Katya hints to Arkady that there may be some feelings between him and her sister. She is independent, reserved, and knows how to control herself. The author conveys her hidden experiences through gesture. Because of her excitement, she begins to throw crumbs to the sparrows too sharply: “the wave of her hand was too strong, and they flew away without having time to peck.” It is at this moment that Arkady understands internal state girls and almost pronounces a declaration of love: “...know that I will not exchange you not only for your sister, but for anyone.”

Bazarov was right when he said about Katya: “... and yours will stand up for herself, and she will stand up so much that she will take you into her hands...” Anna Sergeevna does not suspect anything about the feelings of young people and has “views” of Arkady. She is condescending towards her younger sister, not realizing that this “young and green” will defeat her. Odintsova advises Katya to try on new shoes: “... and you still have such lovely legs!” And at that moment the eighteen-year-old girl thinks: “... lovely legs, you say... Well, they will have him.”

From the episode “Explanation of Arkady and Katya” we can conclude that these heroes make up a psychological couple, having a soft and simple character. They have kindred spirits.

Role of the episode “Conversation between Arkady and Katya in the Garden” (novel “Fathers and Sons”)

LEARNING FROM STUDENTS

Elena POGORELAYA,
10th grade, Lyceum No. 230,
Zarechny,
Penza region
(teacher -
Tamara Alexandrovna
Zadorozhnaya)

Role of the episode “Conversation between Arkady and Katya in the Garden” (novel “Fathers and Sons”)

Arkady's conversation with Katya... When you start reading this passage, you do not immediately understand what role it plays in the development of the plot of the work or in the development of relationships between the characters. This is not a duel between Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov, not an explanation between the main character and Odintsova, and not even a plot - Bazarov’s arrival at a friend’s house. The situation is very calm and everyday: for Arkady and Katya, all the excitement is behind them, the time of doubt and search has passed. What is the secret, what is the meaning of this episode? Let's try to figure it out...

“In Nikolskoye, in the garden, in the shade of a tall ash tree, Katya and Arkady were sitting on a turf bench,” writes Turgenev. It is clear from everything that this is not their first walk; On the faces of the young people one can see neither embarrassment, nor timidity, nor Katya’s usual, it would seem, distrust of the “follower of nihilism.” However, it seems that there is no trace left of nihilism. And nature!.. what calmness, what peace it now pours into his soul! The shadow of an ash tree, rare golden highlights, a “bright stripe” of light flashing in Katya’s dark hair, sparrows and “graceful” Fifi at her “lovely legs” - what an idyll! And the thought surprises: is Bazarov’s student capable of finding happiness in peace and quiet?

However, Arkady himself does not notice a dramatic change in himself. Only the reader is amazed: he sees a personality in front of him, and not the shadow of a “great man”; he hears not the repetition of Bazarov’s thoughts and judgments (by the way, the young man rarely remembers him and somehow casually), but the young man’s own words. Arkady finally finds himself, seeks consonance with his thoughts not in dry anatomy, but in trusting silence with his girlfriend. Yes, Katya is his friend, and this seems to be the first real friendship in his entire life. That's what I think. And they? To understand this, you need to listen to Arkady’s conversation with Katya.

The conversation begins with a dispute about literature - a dispute consisting of literally two phrases, since Katya is confident that she is right, and Arkady does not want and is not going to object. From the very first lines of dialogue we see that the young man is almost entirely under the influence of Katerina Sergeevna. It’s strange, but this pure, kind, intelligent Arkady reminds me of ivy or bindweed: plants that, despite all their purity, cannot grow without the support of a strong ash tree (I say “ash tree,” remembering what a symbol this word becomes here: after all, the ash tree in the episode symbolizes light and space of nature and... young hearts).

The friends' conversation turns from literature to life, and they remember Bazarov - the most amazing and extraordinary person they have ever met. Such meetings do not pass without leaving a trace; and now Arkady, it seems, is ready to ask Katya for help - not explicitly, not directly, but so that together we can figure out “what it was.” Do you notice that in this conversation young Kirsanov seems to be revealing himself? His speech is peppered with naive, almost childish questions: “Who will change me? You?”, “Do you notice that I have already freed myself from his influence?” The essence of these questions lies in one thing: have I really become different? The change is so unusual for Arkady that he asks, demands an answer from Katya. The opinion of his new girlfriend about Bazarov is extremely important to him.

“You never liked him,” says the young man. “I can't judge him.”

The heroine's answer is the answer of a thinking and honest nature. In some ways, Katya also resembles the so-called Turgenev girls - Lisa Kalitina, Elena Insarova - although, of course, we will not find anything unusual either in her judgment or in her behavior. Katya - whole and strong man, her perception of the world is based on two points: rational, logical - and instinctive. “I feel that he is a stranger to me, and I am a stranger to him,” says Katya and then in one apt word defines the entire essence of Arkady: “Yes, and you are a stranger to him. He is predatory, and you and I are tame.”

People can converge and diverge not because of the same beliefs and disagreements. There are beings of a different breed in the human world, and you cannot get close to them only by your own desire. Arkady, as a good but weak person, could not understand this, but Katya is a self-sufficient person. Bazarov worries her; she doesn’t want to touch his world.

What more can I say? Knowing the outcome of the relationship between Arkady and Katerina Sergeevna, I cannot help but think about their future. Let Kirsanov become the second Nikolai Petrovich; but, in my opinion, Katya’s fate will be more complicated. She, not having had time to grow up, met trusting love-friendship, met and surrendered to this feeling. But what will happen if a strong and extraordinary person “of her destiny” passes along her path in life? Will she be able to resist the new feeling of love?

Be that as it may, today we have opened the first page of the epilogue and at the same time of a new life: everything is over for Bazarov, and another road lies before Kirsanov - the road of a man who has finally joined the camp of the “fathers”.

Well, let's sum it up. In such a small and seemingly insignificant, “passing” fragment, Turgenev managed to show a lot. The theme of fathers and sons is completed - everyone has found their place. In addition, new aspects of the characters' personalities were revealed. One feels that the author’s attitude towards Arkady has changed: Turgenev moves away from ironic condescension and looks at this new union with a kind smile. Thus, the episode once again emphasizes the main idea of ​​the work: love triumphs over all dry theories, because, according to Turgenev, “only by it, only by love does the world hold and move.”

The theme of love in the novel “Fathers and Sons” is revealed through the example of the relationships of the following four couples: Bazarov and Odintsova, Pavel Petrovich and Princess R., Arkady and Katya, Nikolai Petrovich and Fenechka. In this article we will briefly describe the feelings of these heroes. The theme of love in the novel "Fathers and Sons" helps to understand the character of the characters. The experience of this feeling reveals the personality traits of each of them.

The most bright character works is Bazarov. The author puts this hero at the center of the story, and the history of his relationship with Anna Sergeevna is given significant space. Therefore, we will start with it.

Bazarov's feelings for Odintsova

Statements about Bazarov’s love and his feelings for Odintsova reveal contradictions in Evgeny’s nature. Perhaps, to some extent, the author’s irony is the depiction of the victory over nihilism of the flared romantic feeling. However, the real meaning of this situation seems to be the opposite. The fact is that for Turgenev real love has always been the criterion of a high personality. The author did not at all seek to humiliate Eugene; on the contrary, he wanted to elevate him. Turgenev tried to show that in callous and dry nihilists there is hidden a powerful force of feeling, one that Arkady is not capable of in his relationship with Katya.

However, love in the fate of common democrats rarely played a fatal role, as, for example, in the life of Pavel Petrovich. What happened to Evgeniy is rather an exception. That is why Turgenev in his work assigns minor role love story.

At the beginning of the novel, Bazarov treats this feeling as romantic nonsense. He believes that this is "emptiness" and "licentiousness." The story about the feeling that R. Pavel Petrovich had for Princess R. was introduced by Turgenev as a warning to Bazarov, this arrogant young man. Love in the life of the heroes of the novel by I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" becomes fatal.

The image of Anna Sergeevna

Anna Sergeevna is the culprit of the big changes that happened to the main character. She is a beauty, an aristocrat, a young widow of 28 years old. Odintsova experienced and felt a lot. This is a proud, independent and clever woman who has a decisive and free character. Of course, Eugene struck her imagination. And Anna Sergeevna interested the hero with freedom of judgment, serene calm, erudition, originality, and democracy. However, Odintsova cannot answer Bazarov in the same way. strong feeling. Of course, in the eyes of the reader she loses to Evgeniy, who turns out to be taller than her.

We can say that thanks to her, a turning point occurred in the soul of Evgeny Bazarov. Love for her is the beginning of tragic retribution for Bazarov. This feeling seems to split his soul into two halves.

A turning point in the soul of Evgeny Bazarov

From this moment on, two people live in the hero. The first one is the enemy of romantic feelings. The spiritual nature of love is denied by him. The second - spiritually and passionately loving person who was faced with the mystery of this feeling. Evgeniy usually doesn’t give appearance a man of great attention, but he was struck by Odintsova’s beauty, and he became interested in her. The hero, who previously denied beauty, now becomes captured by it. Bazarov, who rejected love, begins to experience this feeling. Evgeniy himself realizes that fighting oneself is a hopeless task!

Bazarov's loneliness in love

Bazarov is lonely in love. The hero reveals himself in a bitter feeling for Anna Sergeevna as a deep, passionate and strong nature. The author shows how love broke Eugene. At the end of the work, he is no longer the same person he was at the beginning. Bazarov is experiencing a severe mental crisis. Everything starts to fall out of his hands. Even the infection seems to be no accident: a depressed person becomes careless. However, Bazarov still does not give up the fight and does not humiliate himself in front of Anna Sergeevna. He tries with all his might to overcome despair and pain.

The similarities between the stories of Evgeny Bazarov and Pavel Kirsanov

Love in the novel by I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" is shown both in opposition (Arkady's feeling for Katya and Bazarov's for Odintsova) and in similarity. You may notice that the stories of Evgeny Bazarov and Pavel Kirsanov are very similar. Both of them meet their lovers at the ball. Both Bazarov and Kirsanov are unhappy in their feelings. Both of them used to be “hunters of women,” but suddenly they changed, having fallen in love. Pavel Petrovich, accustomed to victories, soon achieved his goal in relation to Princess R. However, this victory did not cool him. Evgeny soon realized that Anna Sergeevna “wouldn’t get any sense,” but he couldn’t help but think about her. For both Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov, love is not a simple attraction. It becomes a real torment for them. Over time, Kirsanov not only did not lose interest in the princess, but also became “even more painfully” attached to her. This love story in the novel "Fathers and Sons" runs through his entire life. Bazarov was also “tormented and enraged” by love, from which only death saved him. And here you can find similarities in the stories of the two heroes. In both cases, love is associated with death. Pavel Petrovich could not stop loving the princess even after she died. And Kirsanov lost everything. The author notes that Pavel Petrovich’s “emaciated head” lay on the pillow like a dead man’s head. Having fallen in love with Anna Sergeevna, Bazarov also dies. Not like Pavel Petrovich, but physically.

Love in the life of Nikolai Petrovich

How is the theme of love revealed in the novel by I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" in relation to the next hero, Nikolai Petrovich? For him this feeling is driving force and support. The theme of love in the novel "Fathers and Sons" by Turgenev receives new coverage when we're talking about about Nikolai Petrovich or his son. For them, this is not a fatal feeling, as for Pavel Petrovich or Bazarov. This is tender affection, a natural need of the soul, which they do not try to fight.

At first, Nikolai Petrovich felt a deep, tender and touching feeling for his wife Masha. The couple practically never separated. So 10 years passed, and then Kirsanov’s wife died. Nikolai Petrovich could barely bear this blow. 10 years passed before his heart could accommodate new love.

Fenechka is not equal either in social status or age to Nikolai Petrovich. However, this did not stop Kirsanov. The heroine gave birth to his second son. This daughter of Nikolai Petrovich’s former housekeeper was able to fill the house with joy and illuminate Kirsanov’s life in his declining years.

Relationship between Arkady and Katya

The theme of love in the novel “Fathers and Sons” is also represented by the relationship between the son Nikolai Petrovich and Katya. In relation to Arkady, it must be said that before his eyes there was an example of the deep and tender love of his parents. He had a completely different idea of ​​this feeling than Bazarov. Therefore, this hero was indignant when Eugene ridiculed the secret of the relationship between a man and a woman. As soon as Arkady moved away from his friend, the need for loving and a loved one. Unnoticed, Katya entered his life. In the relationship between Katya and Arkady, the author exposes nihilism, which is unusual in the nature of the son Nikolai Petrovich. Katya directly declares that she undertakes to remake it. And the girl manages to put these words into practice. After some time, Arkady abandons the nihilistic ideology and becomes an exemplary family man.

Conclusion

The theme of love is very widely represented in the novel “Fathers and Sons” by Turgenev. It is not difficult to write an essay on this work. To reveal the theme of love, you can choose the relationship between two characters or imagine general review, as in our article. The pages of Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons" are literally permeated with the spirit of this eternal feeling. The character of the heroes is most fully revealed during the test of love. Of course, the theme of love in the novel “Fathers and Sons” is one of the key ones in this work.

There are also two stories in the novel of a completely different, calm, “homely” love - this is Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov’s love for Fenechka and Arkady’s love for Katya. Both of them are pictures of quiet family happiness, but of that genuine passion of which both Turgenev himself and central characters his works are not in these stories. Therefore, they do not arouse much interest either among readers or the author himself.

The theme of love becomes one of the leading ones in the novel “Fathers and Sons”. All his characters undergo the test of love. And the true essence and dignity of each person depends on how they managed to pass this test.

When analyzing a work of art, it is worth remembering that it is impossible to reveal the author’s intention with absolute accuracy due to the purely individual way of thinking of any person, but you can only get as close as possible to it, provided that you find the author’s “clues” in the text.

You will need

• Text of the work

Instructions

Refer to the title of the novel. Ideally, the title of a work of art largely determines it ideological content, one can even say that the name concentrates in compressed form what will subsequently appear before the reader on the pages of the book. However, one should not reduce everything to the title due to the possible “game” of the author with the reader.

Identify the main character of the work. IN in this case this hero will be Bazarov (Arkady and Odintsova need to be included in this, although their role is not as strong as Bazarov’s, but the novel, and that is what Turgenev’s novel is, cannot be limited to just the main character). However, turning again to the title, it is clear that the generation of “fathers,” since it is listed in the title, does not play in the work last role. So Pavel Petrovich and Nikolai Petrovich are included in the list of main characters. Since the main action will be tied to the indicated characters (main characters), then the ideological content of the work will be revealed through their participation in the plot.

Identify the main “opposition points” of the work. Because the works of art are built on the basis of contrasts and contradictions, then it is precisely their discovery of their nature that will allow us to get closer to revealing the author’s intention. Of course, the “oppositionists” will be the heroes. Firstly, one of the oppositions is already stated in the title. To reveal its essence, it is necessary to turn to scenes (two) in the Kirsanovs’ house, namely to episodes of disputes between Pavel Petrovich and Bazarov about establishing their own life guidelines. Secondly, the conflict in the relationship between Bazarov and Odintsova presents the reader with the following opposition. There is a third opposition, which is not always obvious due to the fact that one of its sides is only Bazarov in the absence of the heroes who were recognized above as the main ones along with him. This is the line of the so-called imaginary nihilists, Sitnikov and Kukshina. It is they, as hangers-on of new ideological trends, who create a contrasting pair with Bazarov, the true exponent of the nihilistic concept (in the future, of course, it will turn out that this is a rather controversial Bazarov, but in this particular case it is necessary to understand it that way).