A story about how our ancestors lived. Life and life of the ancient Slavs

We all know that an important role in the formation of states of Eastern Europe the Slavs played. This group related peoples, the largest on the continent, has similar languages and similar customs. Its population is approximately three hundred million people.

Eastern Slavs in ancient times: settlement in Europe

Our ancestors were a branch of the Indo-European family of peoples, which dispersed throughout Eurasia during the Great Migration. The closest relatives of the Slavs are the Balts, who settled in the territories of modern Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. Their neighbors were the Germans in the south and west, the Scythians and Sarmatians in the east. The Eastern Slavs in ancient times passed through the Eastern and Central Europe, where the first cities of Ukraine and Poland were founded between the Dnieper and Vistula rivers. Then they crossed the foothills of the Carpathians, settling along the banks of the Danube and on the Balkan Peninsula. The great territorial remoteness of the Proto-Slavs made adjustments to their language, customs and culture. Therefore, the group split into three branches: western, southern and eastern.

Eastern Slavs in ancient times

This branch of our forefathers occupied a vast territory. From Lakes Ladoga and Onega to the Black Sea region, from the Oka and Volga to the Carpathian Mountains, they plowed the land, conducted trade, and built temples. In total, historians name fifteen tribes of the Eastern Slavs. Next door to them, the Finno-Ugric tribes lived peacefully - our ancestors were not excessively belligerent, but preferred to support a good relationship with everyone.

Classes Eastern Slavs

Our ancestors were farmers. They skillfully wielded a plow, a sickle, a hoe, and a plow with a ploughshare. The steppe inhabitants plowed expanses of virgin soil, first uprooted trees in the forest zone, and used the ash as fertilizer. Gifts of the earth were the basis of the Slavs' diet. Millet, rye, peas, wheat, barley, buckwheat, and oats were used for baking bread and cooking porridge. Also grown industrial crops- flax and hemp, from the fibers of which they spun threads and made fabrics. People treated their pets with special love, since each family bred large cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, poultry. Together with the Slavs, cats and dogs lived in their houses. Hunting, fishing, beekeeping, blacksmithing and pottery were developed at a very high level.

Religion of the Proto-Slavs

Before Christianity came to the Slavic lands, paganism reigned here. In ancient times, the Eastern Slavs worshiped a whole pantheon of gods who personified the forces of nature. Svarog, Svarozhich, Rod, Stribog, Dazhdbog, Veles, Perun had their own places of worship - temples where idols stood and sacrifices were made. The dead were burned on bonfires, and mounds were heaped over the ashes placed in a pot. Unfortunately, the Eastern Slavs in ancient times did not leave written evidence about themselves. The famous Veles book raises doubts among researchers about its authenticity. However, archaeologists find a large number of household items, weapons, remnants of clothing, jewelry, religious items. They can tell about the life of our ancestors no less than chronicles and legends.

Let's remember how our ancestors lived, what they ate and what they dressed in.
If anyone thinks that life was sweet at that time, they are greatly mistaken.

Before this, the life of a simple Russian peasant was completely different.
Usually a person lived to be 40-45 years old and died as an old man. He was considered a grown man with a family and children at the age of 14-15, and she even earlier. They did not marry for love; it was the father who went to marry his son.
People had no time for idle rest at all. In the summer, absolutely all the time was occupied by work in the field, in the winter, collecting firewood and homework making tools and household utensils, and hunting.
Let's look at a Russian village of the 10th century, which, however, is not much different from the village of both the 5th century and the 17th century...
We came to the Lyubytino historical and cultural complex as part of a motor rally dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Avtomir group of companies. It is not for nothing that it is called “One-Storey Russia” - it was very interesting and educational to see how our ancestors lived.
In Lyubytino, at the place where the ancient Slavs lived, among the mounds and burials, a real village of the 10th century was recreated, with all the outbuildings and necessary utensils.

We will start with an ordinary Slavic hut. The hut is made of logs and covered with birch bark and turf. In some regions, the roofs of the same huts were covered with straw, and in some places with wood chips. Surprisingly, the service life of such a roof is only slightly less than the service life of the entire house, 25-30 years, and the house itself lasted about 40 years. Considering the time of life at that time, the house was just enough for a person’s life.

By the way, in front of the entrance to the house there is a covered area - this is the same canopy from the song about the “new, maple canopy.”

The hut is heated black, that is, the stove does not have a chimney; the smoke comes out through a small window under the roof and through the door. There are no normal windows either, and the door is only about a meter high. This is done in order not to release heat from the hut.

When the stove is fired, soot settles on the walls and roof. There is one big plus in a “black” firebox - there are no rodents or insects in such a house.

Of course, the house stands on the ground without any foundation; the lower crowns are simply supported by several large stones.

This is how the roof is made

And here is the oven. A stone hearth mounted on a pedestal made of clay-coated logs. The stove was heated early in the morning. When the stove is on fire, it is impossible to be in the hut, only the housewife remained there to prepare the food, everyone else went outside to do business, in any weather. After the stove was heated, the stones gave off heat until the next morning. The food was cooked in the oven.

This is what the hut looks like from the inside. They slept on benches placed along the walls, and sat on them while eating. The children slept on the beds, they are not visible in this photograph, they are on top, above their heads. In winter, young livestock were taken into the hut so that they would not die from frost. They also washed in the hut. You can imagine what kind of air there was, how warm and comfortable it was there. It immediately becomes clear why life expectancy was so short.

In order not to heat the hut in the summer, when it was not necessary, the village had a separate small building - a bread oven. They baked bread and cooked there.

Grain was stored in a barn - a building raised on poles from the surface of the ground to protect the products from rodents.

There were bottom pits built in the barn, remember - “I scraped the bottom pipes...”? These are special wooden boxes into which grain was poured from above and taken from below. So the grain did not sit stale.

Also in the village there was a triple glacier - a cellar in which ice was placed in the spring, filled with hay and lay there almost until the next winter.

Clothes, skins not needed this moment utensils and weapons were kept in a cage. The cage was also used when the husband and wife needed privacy.

Barn - this building served for drying sheaves and threshing grain. The heated stones were piled into a fireplace, sheaves were placed on poles, and the peasant dried them, constantly turning them over. Then the grains were threshed and winnowed.

Cooking food in an oven requires special temperature regime- languor. This is how, for example, gray cabbage soup is prepared. They are called gray because of their gray. How to cook them?

Let's start with the green ones. cabbage leaves, those that did not enter the head of cabbage are finely chopped, salted and placed under pressure for a week for fermentation. Also needed for cabbage soup pearl barley, meat, onions, carrots. The ingredients are placed in a pot, and it is placed in the oven, where it will spend several hours. By evening, a very satisfying and thick dish will be ready.

Open lesson on the world around us

Lesson topic:"How our distant ancestors lived."

Goals:
- create conditions for students to form an idea about the life of the ancient Slavs, their appearance, life and activities;
- promote the development of attention, thinking, speech; develop an interest in the history of your people.

Planned learning outcome
To form in students an idea of the life of the ancient Slavs.
Cognitive UUD:
. develop the ability to read and answer questions about the text;
. formation of the ability to construct a speech utterance orally.
Communicative UUD.
. consider different opinions and strive to coordinate different positions in cooperation;
. formulate own opinion and position;
. negotiate and come to general decision V joint activities, including in situations of conflict of interests; build a monologue statement, master the dialogical form of speech.
Personal UUD.
. Self-assessment abilities based on criteria for the success of educational activities.
Regulatory UUD:
. develop the ability to independently identify and formulate the cognitive purpose of the entire lesson and a separate task;
. to develop the ability to control the process and results of one’s activities, including the implementation of anticipatory control in collaboration with the teacher and peers.

Lesson type: learning new material
Forms and methods of work: frontal, group, partial search.
Stage 1.
Org moment. Emotional mood and motivation
(2 minutes.)
- We got up. We caught up. Guys, today there are guests at our lesson, turn around and greet them (nod your head). Turn to me, get ready for work, sit down quietly.
- Today in class you work in groups. Leaders whom you have chosen in advance are responsible for the coordinated work of the group.
Stand up, we'll look at you. For active work in the lesson, the group will receive tokens. At the end of the lesson, the leaders will evaluate the work of each group member, and we will summarize the work of each group.
- I would like to start the lesson with the words “Knowledge is a stepping stone to wisdom.”
- How do you understand the meaning of this expression?
- At the end of the lesson we will return to this statement, and maybe you will add something else.

Children's answers: (When you know a lot, you become smarter, wiser, you give good advice, try to think through your thoughts, decisions, try not to make mistakes, learn from them, etc.)

Stage 2.
Updating of reference knowledge
(4 min.) A) Check homework(front work)
- What was the homework assignment?
(Using the story plan about the steppe, write a story about the mixed forest zone).
(Children’s stories for each point of the plan. Generalization, conclusion)
1. The strip of mixed forests in Europe begins in the east near the Middle Urals and then goes to the west, expanding to the north and south. Plain, abundance of rivers.
2. The forest zone is in temperate climatic zone, all 4 seasons are well expressed here. IN different parts Temperate zones have varying amounts of heat and moisture. The forest zone is characterized by heavy rainfall. Frequent rains wash away nutrients from the soil, it becomes the color of ash and is called podzolic.
3. The flora is diverse...
4. The animal world is diverse...

1. Geographical location
2. Climate and soils.
3. Flora
4. Animal world.
5. People's occupations.

Stage 3.
Staging educational problem, planning

4 minutes - What do you know about the lives of people in this natural area. How did you find out about this?
- What do you call people who live at the same time as us? (Contemporaries)
- Who knows what the people who lived before us, before us, on our territory are called? (Ancestors)
- What do you know about the life of our distant ancestors?
(Think, do you know so well about the life of our ancestors? Why? (Did they live a very long time ago?)
Raise your hand, who would like to know about the life of our distant ancestors?
- Maybe you have already guessed the topic of our lesson today?
- Let's check our assumption. Open the textbook to page 139. Read the title of the lesson topic.
“HOW OUR DISTANT ANCESTORS LIVED”
- Did our assumption coincide?
- What would you like to know about the life of our distant ancestors?
- Why do you think we need to know how our ancestors lived?
- Remember what sources people get information from? (Internet, books, magazines, newspapers, scientists...).
- What is the name of the science that studies the lives of people in the distant past...
- Today in class we will try to find answers to the questions:
WHO WERE OUR ANCESTORS?
WHERE THEY LIVED?
WHAT DID YOU DO?
HOW DID YOU MANAGE YOUR FARM?
Using a textbook on the surrounding world, geographical and historical maps, cards with additional information and drawings.
Leading dialogue, appeal to life experience baby
Formulation of the lesson topic.
Motivation, encouragement to search

Stage 4.
Discovery of new knowledge

(15 minutes min.) The first group will look for the answer to the 1st question
The second group will look for the answer to the 2nd question
The third group will look for the answer to the 3rd question
The fourth group will look for the answer to the 4th question
In front of you is envelope No. 1, indicating what questions you should find answers to and where to find information on the question. Your task is to prepare a message and present it to the class. The group leader will determine the speaker. They cooperate in solving educational problems.

Practical activities of students - work with the text of the textbook, cards, pictures, maps.

Stage 5.
Application of new knowledge. Primary consolidation

WHO WERE OUR ANCESTORS? (Answer questions according to plan)
1. Talk about the meaning of the word “Slavs”.
2. Appearance Slavs
3. Character traits.
4. Were people believers (give an example)
5. Were you courageous?

CARD #1. Information about the Slavs:
There is an ancient explanation for the origin of the word “Slavs”. Slavs - “famous”, glorious, proud people, famous both for their exploits and for the glory of their valiant ancestors.
According to the descriptions of foreigners, the Slavs were tall people, beautiful and stately. They usually had brown hair, gray or blue eyes, and a blush on their cheeks.
The Slavs were known for their honesty and loyalty to their word. Not keeping a promise was the same as breaking an oath. If a person ceased to be the master of the word, universal contempt, shame, and even humiliating expulsion awaited him: people no longer wanted to live with him, because he had forgotten about his honor and sullied his name. Our ancestors were deeply religious people. The very first diaper for a newborn boy was the father's shirt, and for the girl - the mother's shirt. Our ancestors believed that parental clothing should protect the child from the “evil eye” and illnesses. For the same reason, clothes were sewn for an older child from the old clothes of his parents. Among other nations, our ancestors were famous for their strength, endurance and courage. Their glory was so great that our illustrious ancestors, heroic warriors, were often drawn into wars as allies; they never attacked first, they always defended their lands.

WHERE THEY LIVED?
1. In what climate zone did the Slavs live?
2. Show on a historical map the place of the first appearance of the ancient Slavs.
3. Tell what the village of the ancient Slavs looked like.
4. Why did they settle along the banks of rivers?

1. Textbook p. 139 (paragraphs 1 and 2), historical map. Picture.
2. Card:
In those ancient times, our Motherland was completely different from what it is now. The territory of the European part of the country was almost entirely covered with forests. Where there are now vast fields and crowded cities, then only swamps could be seen. Only on wide deep rivers it was possible to sail through the forest thickets. Rivers served as roads that connected the Slavs with other peoples. The time was restless, residents of neighboring villages often fought among themselves, so the Slavs usually settled in places surrounded by steep slopes, deep ravines or water. They dug deep holes around their settlements and erected a palisade. To do this, they cut down the tree, cut off the branches, trimmed it, sharpened it, and then burned it on fire. The logs had to be burned smoothly and dug deep so that they fit snugly together. Therefore, such a fence was called a palisade. She was strong and stood for a long time.

WHAT DID YOU DO?
Textbook p. 139 (3 paragraph), p. 140 (1 paragraph)
HOW DID YOU MANAGE YOUR FARM? Textbook p. 140 (2nd paragraph). Card. Picture.
1. How we lived.
2. What the hut looked like.
3. What were the dishes made of?
...In the houses of the Slavs, the floor was a meter deep into the ground, the walls were made of thin tree trunks - poles. The roof is also made of poles, and there is a thick layer of straw on it. Inside the house it was always cool, dark and damp. The windows cut into the walls were covered with boards or straw at night and in cold weather - after all, there was no glass then. In the corner there was a stove made of stone - it heated the house and cooked food on it. The stove was heated black - this means that there was no chimney, and all the smoke came out through windows, doors, and holes in the roof. In the house, all the free space was occupied by a table and 2-3 benches. In the corner lay several armfuls of hay covered with animal skins - these were beds. The dishes were simple and convenient - made of wood. Spoons, bowls, and scoops were made from it. They cooked food in an oven in clay pots. They served food on the table. The dishes were taken care of very well. If a pot or jug cracked, it was repaired and tied together with birch bark strips. It was no longer suitable for cooking food, but supplies were stored in it. Women cooked meat, fish, porridge in clay pots, and baked bread and flat cakes. A large pot of stew was placed on the table; everyone had spoons.

Lesson summary.
- You have found the answers to all the questions asked. I would like to sum it up with these words:
“Our glorious, wise people,
Looks far ahead..."
- Why? (Why glorious, why wise, as you understand “Looks far ahead”)
(Because our ancestors were... and bequeathed to us to be the same.)
- Let's return to the epigraph of our lesson, “Knowledge is a stepping stone to wisdom” (by gaining knowledge in lessons, we gain the experience of our ancestors, we become wiser, we must pass it on to our descendants in order to preserve our history...)
- As a reminder of today's lesson, you will have the orders of the ancient Slavs - our distant ancestors.
- Managers, take envelope No. 2 and hand it out. Let's read them.

Stage 6. Homework(1 min)
- At home, using other sources of information, you will try to find additional material about the life of our distant ancestors. We open the diaries. Let's write it down.

Stage 7.
Reflection(3 min)

Group leaders, evaluate the work of each group member.
- Count the number of tokens. Which group was the most active?
- Well, now let’s express our attitude to the lesson.
- If it was interesting to work in the lesson and you liked everything, we’ll put the little man on the top step.
- If the lesson was interesting, but it was difficult for you, move to the second step.
- If you were not interested and it was very difficult - to the bottom.
Today, each of us has moved a step higher, become a little wiser, having acquired new knowledge.
Thank you for the lesson.

Let's remember how our ancestors lived, what they ate and what they dressed in. If anyone thinks that life was sweet at that time, they are greatly mistaken.

People had no time for idle rest at all. In the summer, absolutely all the time was occupied by work in the field, in the winter, collecting firewood and homework making tools and household utensils, and hunting.

Let's look at a Russian village of the 10th century, which, however, is not much different from the village of both the 5th century and the 17th century...

We came to the Lyubytino historical and cultural complex as part of a motor rally dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the Avtomir group of companies. It is not for nothing that it is called “One-Storey Russia” - it was very interesting and educational to see how our ancestors lived.
In Lyubytino, at the place where the ancient Slavs lived, among the mounds and burials, a real village of the 10th century was recreated, with all the outbuildings and necessary utensils.

By the way, in front of the entrance to the house there is a covered area - this is the same canopy from the song about the “new, maple canopy.”

When the stove is fired, soot settles on the walls and roof. There is one big plus in a “black” firebox - there are no rodents or insects in such a house.

When defending against the enemy, the basic equipment of a warrior was chain mail, a shield, and a helmet. Weapons: spear, hatchet, sword. Chain mail is not to say that it is light, but unlike armor, you can run in it. Well, we ran around a bit.

Marina Katakova
Lesson summary “How our Slavic ancestors lived” (senior group)

Target classes: Shape performance about the life of the ancient Slavs.

Cultivate interest in the history of your people, develop interest in subject. To consolidate knowledge about bread as one of the greatest wealth on the ground. Continue to introduce the traditions of the Russian people. (Tell the children about the rituals associated with the harvest in Rus' and the baking of the first bread of the new harvest). Foster respect for people's work, careful attitude to the products of labor, to bread, as a product especially revered by people. Develop attention, memory, oral speech, logical thinking, enrich vocabulary.

Equipment: selection of illustrations, presentation on the topic.

Progress of the lesson.

Greetings: Hello, my dears. Today we begin the study of our Fatherland. Let's go with you on a journey to distant times, when our ancestors lived, find out in what conditions they lived and what they did. So, today we will learn about the life of the ancient Slavs.

Let's listen. Slavs are a vast group of tribes and peoples belonging to one language family, that is, their language was very similar. The Slavs lived in tribes. Each tribe consisted of a clan. Rod is family. This means that the tribe consisted of several families. Several tribes formed tribal associations. (Slide show)

Settlement. (Slide show). The time was restless, residents of neighboring villages often fought among themselves, so the Slavs usually settled in places surrounded by steep slopes, deep ravines or water. They erected earthen ramparts around the settlements, dug ditches, and erected palisades. And it was convenient to build houses on such land. Inside the settlement there were huts, premises for livestock, and a paddock for livestock.

Housing and life. (Slide show). The houses of the ancient Slavs were sunk into the ground. They were built from thin layers of trees - poles, cleared of branches and bark, the roof was also made of poles and covered with thatch. Inside such a house it was always cool, dark and damp. The windows were covered with boards or straw at night; there was no glass. In the corner there was a stove made of stone, which heated the house and cooked food on it. The stove was burning "in black", this means that there was no chimney, and the smoke came out through windows, doors, and holes under the roof. There was a table and benches in the house. The bed was replaced by straw covered with animal skins.

Later, huts were built. Look, here's the hut (Slide show). In such huts many years ago our ancestors lived. The hut is made of wood, how beautiful it is! The hut contained the largest room, which was called a hut. In the most honorable place in the hut was the Red Corner, where the icons were located. The family prayed in front of the icons. The main thing in the house was the stove - mother. She was very loved. She gave warmth. They baked bread, pies and cooked cabbage soup and porridge in the oven. The children and grandmother were sleeping on the stove. Everyone who was sick was treated on the stove. Here they also told fairy tales to children. There was a chest in the hut; clothes were stored in it. Previously, there were no shops, and people did everything with their own hands. Every house had a spinning wheel. Women spun thread on a spinning wheel. From threads on such a machine - krosna, women themselves wove fabrics and sewed clothes. Elegant clothes, which were very expensive, were stored in a chest; there were no closets then. There are shelves of beauty in our house. They contain beautiful dishes and toys made and painted folk craftsmen. Consideration toys: Bogorodsky, Gorodets, Dymkovsky. People made dishes and toys themselves. There used to be very large families, but all lived amicably and cheerfully, loved each other. The elders loved the children, taught them everything good. And the younger ones respected their parents and grandparents and obeyed them.

What did the ancient Slavs do? (Slide show).

Activities of the ancient Slavs:

Fishing – there were a lot of fish in the lakes and rivers. They only took large fish. They caught with harpoons and nets. (Slide show).

Gathering wild berries, nuts, mushrooms, herbs, played a big role in the life of the Slavs. (Slide show). In the spring, when supplies ran out, young shoots and leaves of quinoa and nettle were collected. Quinoa often replaced bread; flat cakes were baked from it during times of famine.

Hunting - there are a lot of different things in the forests animals: bears, boars, foxes, wolves...Their skins served as clothing and blanket. (Slide show).

Beekeeping - the Slavs were engaged in collecting honey, since many wild bees lived in the lemmas. Honey was used both as food and as medicine. Collecting honey from forest bees was called beekeeping (bort – “tree hollow”, where wild bees lived) .

The Slavs were also engaged in construction.

Cattle breeding. The Slavs gradually began to domesticate and raise the young of some animals. (Slide show).With the advent of livestock, the consumption of meat and milk increased, people began to depend less on nature.

Pottery - making pottery. (Slide show).

Agriculture was the most important occupation. (Slide show).

The work is very hard. In winter, a section of loess was cut down. It burned out in the spring. The ash served as fertilizer. The land was plowed with a plow, loosened with a hoe, and then sown. A man with a sieve walked and scattered grains across a plowed field. They didn’t sow in the wind.

– Why do you think?

To cover the seeds with soil, the field was cultivated with a harrow.

Guess the riddle: “Soft, fluffy and fragrant, it’s black, it’s white, and sometimes it’s burnt.” That's right, bread. I put it on the table loaf: “Here is the fragrant bread!

Here it is warm and golden.

He came to every house, to every table!

It contains health, our strength, it contains wonderful warmth. How many hands raised him, protected him, took care of him.

In it there is the juice of the native land, the light of the sun is cheerful in it.

Eat by both cheeks, grow up to be a hero!”

Bread was called "zhito"- from the word live, as it was the main food product. Before our times have been preserved proverbs:

Bread is the head of everything.

If you drop a bread crumb and don’t pick it up, you won’t see any luck in life. Glory to the bread on the table!

Where did the sowing work begin? That's right, the land had to be plowed. What did they do next? (sowed). We prepared especially for this event. We washed ourselves in the bathhouse, put on a clean shirt and went out into the field with a basket on our chest. Seeds were scattered from a basket. The rain pours down, the sun warms, the grains ripen in the ears all summer, and the harvest is harvested in the fall. For the grain harvest our ancestors treated with reverence, with great respect, performing special rituals. Only women collected grain and were called reapers. The reapers wore white clothes. From morning to evening, without straightening their backs, they collected ears of grain, tied them into a bundle, and piled them into sheaves. Sheaves were threshed and grains were cleaned. Where were the cleaned grains taken? (to the mill) Where is the flour taken? (to the bakery) What do they make from flour at the bakery? (They bake bread, delicious buns, bagels, pies)

That's how long and hard way from grain to loaf. Now we know how bread is obtained and how much patience, labor, and wisdom was required. It was considered a great crime to throw away even a small crumb of bread. “You can’t throw bread on the floor if you don’t want to get into trouble.”. After the harvest, a special loaf was baked. The loaf was always round, like the Earth. The loaf was definitely broken (show). The first piece was called the beginning, and it was placed under the icon, thus thanking God for a good harvest. The second piece was placed on the window, treating deceased relatives. Third piece eldest in the family. The fourth is for guests. And the rest was divided between adults and children, (I break off pieces for the children) The crumbs were taken to the birds so that they would be well-fed and cheerful, and to destroy harmful insects. In Rus' there has always been a respectful attitude towards bread. People said:

“Bread is the head of everything!” What proverbs about bread do you know? Without bread there is no lunch. Bread on the table is the throne. Bread father - water mother. Glory to peace on earth! Glory to the bread on the table!

"Earthly labor and tools". Find a match between the listed occupations and tools. Connect with a line.

Weaving Spinning Wheel

Blacksmithing Hammer

Carpentry Kos

Plowing Ax

Harvest Plow

Haymaking Sickle

What did the ancient Slavs believe in? (Slide show) There were many gods. To make the gods kinder to people, holidays were held in their honor (Ivan Kupala June 23-24)

– Why did the Slavs believe that all natural phenomena were commanded by the gods? (the Slavs believed that the forest, trees, rivers, sun and wind are all living, animate; they did not have ideas about science)

– What did you ask the gods? (rain, successful hunting, bountiful harvest)

Faith of the ancient Slavs

- Which main god? (Perun)

Perun. (Slide show). Grozny Slavic deity. He was considered the patron saint of aerial phenomena. His hand controlled thunder and lightning. He was a formidable god; he was also considered the god of war. Wooden idols made from mighty oak were erected in his honor. (Slide show).

The idols stood under open air, and next to them there was a stone on which they sacrificed to this god. And this place was called the Temple of Perun.

Svarog. (Slide show). God of the sky (“svaro” – sky). God of bad weather, winds, hurricanes. By legend He threw blacksmith's tongs from heaven to earth and taught people how to forge iron. He sent heavenly fire to people so that people could cook food on it, warm themselves around it and use it for good deeds. Svarog was the patron saint of blacksmiths.

Dazhdbog. Son of Svarog. God of the harvest, keeper of the keys of the earth. By legend closes the ground for the winter, and opens it in the spring. (Slide show).

Veles. The patron god of animals, especially domestic ones. He kept animals from diseases and helped people care for them. (Slide show)

Makosh. One of the most important goddesses of the Eastern Slavs, “ma” - mother, “kosh” - basket. Mother of good harvest, goddess of the harvest, giver of blessings. The fate of a person depended on the amount of harvest, which is why she was also called the goddess of fate. (Slide show).

Yarilo. Deity of awakening nature, patron flora. Yarilo was identified with the sun. People turned to him in their songs and requests for a warm summer, good harvest. (Slide show)

The Slavs believed that they native nature inhabited by spirits and fantastic creatures.

– What fantastic creatures did the Slavs believe in?

Some, according to the Slavs, were good spirits, while others are evil.

Leshy. Dweller and guardian of forests. People believed that when he walked through the forest, he was equal to the forest, when he walked through the grass, he was equal to the grass, and he appeared to people in human form. (Slide show)

Brownie. Lives in houses. If he loves the owner, he cares about the owner, but if he doesn’t love, he will ruin the owner. To appease the housewife, they usually left a plate of food near the stove. (Slide show)

Mermaid. Semi-feminine spirit. Mermaids live in the river, but in clear weather they go ashore, but as soon as they notice a passerby, they return to the river. (Slide show)

Let's talk:

Who are the Slavs? Think about what the word is similar to (the Russian people originate from them. "Slavs" looks like a word "glory", which means that the Slavs are a glorious people).

What were the ancient Russians like? (The Russians were fair-haired, blue-eyed, tall, broad-shouldered, large-built, kind, hospitable, brave. They loved their homeland. When necessary, they became brave warriors and did not spare their lives for mother earth and father’s house).

Tell us about the houses of the Slavs.

What was the hut made of?

Where was the hut?

What place did you choose to settle?

What did they keep near the house?

What was the decoration of the house of the ancient Slavs like?

Why do you need a stove in your house?

What were the clothes of the Slavs made of?

What did the ancient Slavs do?

How should you treat bread?

What do you remember about the gods and spirits of the Slavs?

Let's summarize: In the hut there was a large room-hut, where a huge family: and dad, and mom, and grandfathers, and grandmothers, and uncles, and aunts, and many, many children. In the front corner of the hut there was a Red Corner with one or more icons, where the whole family prayed, our ancestors were Orthodox. There was a large stove in the corner of the hut. The stove provided heat and fed the family. Children and grandmothers slept on the stove, the sick were treated, and fairy tales were told to the children. In the hut at night they slept on benches, chests, blankets and even on the floor, because the family was very large. Ancient Slavs were engaged: fishing, gathering, hunting, beekeeping,

cattle breeding, pottery - they made pottery and agriculture. They believed in different gods and spirits.

Let's play: “I see beauty!” (Children call items which they liked in the house). Round dance "Loaf"

We create, we draw, we rejoice. I hand out coloring books to children about the life of the Slavs.

Farewell: Peace, love, kindness - to the boys. Bow to the boys

Peace, love, kindness to girls. They bow to the girls.

Peace, love, kindness - to all adults. Everyone bows.

Peace, love, kindness - to all people on earth. Handles up.

"What's your mood?" (Choose an icon that matches your emotional mood)