Winnie the Pooh and Piglet - Soviet cartoon and its history. Seven differences between the original Winnie the Pooh and the Russian one

What the real Winnie the Pooh looked like September 29th, 2015

For his first birthday, Christopher Robin received a cream-colored teddy bear, 60 centimeters tall, which he named Edward. This bear, along with the real Winnie the bear from the London Zoo, became the prototype of Winnie the Pooh, the main character in the stories and poems of A. A. Milne, which have become classics of children's literature.

The bear was first mentioned in a poem that was first published in Punch magazine and then published in Milne's book of children's poems, When We Were Very Little, in 1924. Soon Winnie the Pooh was joined by Christopher Robin and the rest of his favorite characters - Tigger, Piglet, Eeyore and Kanga. I told you something, but unfortunately I ignored this.

Do you know what they really looked like? Now I will show you...

Christopher Robin Milne with the teddy bear that inspired Winnie the Pooh. 1925
Photo: Bettmann/Corbis

A. A. Milne and Christopher Robin Milne play with a toy penguin. 1924
Photo: Culture Club/Getty Images

As a child, Christopher Robin enjoyed being the inspiration for a character from popular stories. But at school, his classmates often teased him, and fame no longer brought him joy.

He studied English at Cambridge and served in a battalion in the Corps of Royal Engineers during the Second World War.

In 1948, Christopher Robin married his cousin Leslie de Selincourt. Together they opened a bookstore.

Despite the discomfort caused by fame, Christopher Robin used his fame when he campaigned to stop oil exploration in Ashdown Forest. It was this place that inspired Alexander Milne to write about the Deep Forest, in which he settled his famous characters.

Christopher Robin Milne died in 1996 at the age of 75.

A. A. Milne. 1937
Photo: Hulton Archive/Getty Images

27-year-old Christopher Robin Milne with his fiancee Leslie de Selincourt. April 21, 1948
Photo: J. Wilds/Keystone/Getty Images

Christopher Robin Milne, 61, unveils a bear statue dedicated to his father at London Zoo. September 1981
Photo: Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images

What happened to Pooh, Piglet, Eeyore and Tigger? They moved to New York. Christopher Robin gave the toys to the editor of the Pooh book, who donated them public library New York in 1987, where they have been exhibited ever since.

Teddy bear Edward, who served as inspiration for the creation of Winnie the Pooh.

Original Tiger.
Photo: New York Public Library

The original Eeyore.
Photo: New York Public Library

The original Piglet.
Photo: New York Public Library.

But for us of course Winnie the Pooh will always remain like this:

Initially, the second part of Winnie the Pooh's name, Pooh, was given to him in honor of a swan that lived with friends of the Milns. IN English language it sounds like "Poo". But Boris Zakhoder, in what he called his retelling of the story, originally played up the meaning of fluff as a derivative of the word “plump.” Although less obvious associations can also be considered: Winnie the bear is as frivolous and naive as poplar fluff.

While maintaining the general outline of the narrative, Boris Zakhoder adapted English humor, which is not always understandable to the Russian reader, and word games A. Milna. At the same time, he allowed himself to introduce a lot of new things into the domestic version of the story about the bear cub. This is both a greater fabulousness and a more active use of such techniques as the use of capital letters and the animation of inanimate objects. B. Zakhoder's characters are more emotional, lively, closer to the culture of the Russian people. He organically intertwined the two different cultures. Although it is worth admitting that his attempt was not immediately accepted: interestingly, the writer’s translation and retelling was initially rejected as overly “Americanized.”

What were Cinderella's shoes made of?

For many classical works There is different translations claiming equality. So, after Hamlet’s “to be or not to be” comes not only “that is the question,” but also “that is the question” - depending on whose translation you read the tragedy. " Barnyard"George Orwell is populated by animals with differently understood names. A horse is sometimes called a Fighter, sometimes a Boxer, one pig is sometimes called a Leader, sometimes a Major, another is sometimes called a Landslide, sometimes a Snowball, sometimes even a Snowball. And even a textbook example and sample for memorization can begin with both “Our Father who art in heaven” and “Our Father who art in heaven.” What can we say about texts that are less sacred.

However, there are cases when the choice of translation becomes no less significant than turning to the original at all. “Winnie the Pooh and Everything, Everything, Everything” - under this title, Alexander Milne’s book about a teddy bear gained popularity in our country. Although at first Boris Zakhoder called her “Winnie the Pooh” and everyone else.” Not everyone knows that “Winnie the Pooh” (like Carroll’s “Alice” and Swift’s “Gulliver”) is by no means children's work. Young readers are simply not yet able to appreciate the language games that the author unfolds on the pages. Zakhoder not only largely preserved this feature of Milnov’s style, but also brought a lot of his own - and brought it organically. I remember that as a child I searched in vain in a book for the song “Winnie the Pooh lives well in the world.” And I didn’t find it. It turns out that Zakhoder wrote it specifically for the cartoon by Fyodor Khitruk.

So, “Vinnie Bear and His Friends” came out on our screens. These are characters familiar from childhood - many saw them in the Disney animated series, which was once shown on Sundays on RTR: “The time has come to go visit, an old friend is waiting for me...” Appearance The characters are quite classic. This is exactly what they looked like in the illustrations lifetime publications Milne's tales. But the names sound quite unusual. Eeyore is now Eeyore, Tigger is Tigger, Shchasvirnus is Jaskorra, and Piglet is Piglet. Well, these names are closer to the original source, but definitely further from the Russian viewer. Perhaps the only justifiable thing is to rename the Owl. In the Disney cartoon it is Owl. But Zakhoder played a prank in such a way that his male character became a lady. But here, after all, there is a bird with a completely masculine appearance on the screen. However, our brilliant translator can be forgiven for this small liberty - in one Polish translation Winnie was made into a bear. Of course, the author of the translation is a feminist.

The plot itself is quite consistent with literary basis. Friends are looking for a tail for Ushastik, excuse me, for Ushastik - well, for Eeyore. And they also have to save Christopher Robin from Jaskorra due to the fact that Owl read the note poorly. The film has a lot of songs - sometimes it even resembles a musical. But all the singing is quite ordinary - there are no puffs or screams. However, some attempts to make puns are being made. But mostly games with language are expressed graphically. So, Vinnie walks through the pages of the book and sometimes leaves the picture for lines of text. Thanks to the fact that letters fell into the pit into which the toy animals fell, the friends were able to build a letter ladder and get out to freedom.

Actually everything criticisms has to be done taking into account the fact that the cartoon is for children. If your child is between 3 and 10 years old, then you can go to “Vinnie the Bear” with him. In general, kids don’t care what the characters’ names are or who the translator is. And it’s nice that Disney has returned to hand-drawn animation. In the middle of dominance computer graphics it looks like a daring innovation.

Of course, the American Winnie the Pooh does not write poetry - he is not a poet at all in life. He would like to find honey, but the rest doesn’t interest him. But he demonstrates to the young audience that friendship is more important than filling the womb. When Pooh finds the donkey's tail, he is in such a hurry to take it away that he refuses the treat. And Owl shouts after him: “What about honey?” "Don't care!" - the kid from the audience answers joyfully.

Belinsky said: “The freedom of the artist lies in the harmony of his of one's own will with some external will that does not depend on him, or better to say, his will is inspiration!..” Disney’s Winnie the Pooh (Americans write this name without a hyphen, but we believe more in Milne’s spelling) has no inspiration. And the creators of the cartoon clearly did not care much about solving purely creative problems. The new film adaptation of the adventures of a teddy bear turned out to be predictably kind and unexpectedly boring. Dignity of many works of art is that they can be read (watched) by both adults and children, both smart and not so experienced intellectual issues spectators. In this case, the gentlemen from the Disney company still lowered the bar. And by the way, I’m not the only one who expresses dissatisfaction with the American film studio’s simplistic approach to the portrayal of Winnie the Pooh. My opinion is a personal position, far from the most authoritative. But my point of view was shared by... Christopher Robin himself. Yes, yes, the same boy who owned all those toys that came to life under the pen of Alan Alexander Milne. This is the writer's son. And he died relatively recently - in 1996. So Christopher Robin believed that Disney films had very little to do with the work of his father. And whoever, but Christopher Robin knew what the real Winnie the Pooh was like.

Born January 18, 1882 in London English writer Alan Alexander Milne. He is known throughout the world primarily for his stories about Winnie the Pooh bear. In Russia, this work is known primarily thanks to the translation by Boris Zakhoder, the Soviet cartoon by Fyodor Khitruk and Disney cartoons.

Currently, there are several versions of retellings of Milne's story made by Boris Zakhoder. The most common book consists of 18 chapters. One chapter has been omitted and another has been reduced to one paragraph. In addition, there is no dedication or preface. In 1990, this “shortened” translation was joined by two previously untranslated ones, but this version is still not widespread. "RG" represents the differences between the original Vinnie and the Russian version.

Names

The meaning of the names of the characters in the original and in our translation is interesting. So, Winnie-the-Pooh turned into Winnie the Pooh, and Piglet - into Piglet. Original name the main character - Winnie-the-Pooh - should be literally translated as Winnie-Foo, but this option can hardly be considered euphonious. Russian word“fluff” is similar in spelling with English pooh - that is, the usual transliteration, in addition, it was with this pooh that Christopher Robin called the swans to him, and fluff is associated with them. By the way, everyone remembers that Winnie the Pooh has sawdust in his head, although in the original Winnie is a bear with a very small brain.

The English word piglet, which became its own in Milne's book, means "little pig." It is this meaning that should be considered the closest in meaning, but for a Soviet child, and now for a Russian one, this character is known in literary translation as Piglet.

The donkey Eeyore in Russian translation became Eeyore. By the way, this is a literal translation - Eeyore sounds like “io”, and this is the sound that donkeys make.

Owl - Owl - remained an owl, like Rabbit - Rabbit and actually Tigger - Tigger.

Owl

Despite the fact that the name of this character has practically remained the same - Owl is indeed translated into Russian as an owl, the hero himself has undergone significant changes in the Russian version. Milne came up with a masculine character, that is, in Russia it would be worth calling him either Owl (which, of course, is far from the original), Owl, or even Owl. In our case - primarily thanks to Boris Zakhoder's translation - this is a female character. By the way, Milne's Owl is far from the smartest character in the book - he likes to use smart words, but is not very literate, while Zakhoder's Owl - and the Soviet cartoon directed by Khitruk - is a smart elderly lady who resembles a school teacher.

"To outsiders V."

The famous sign with the inscription “To Outsiders V.”, which hangs next to the entrance to Piglet’s house, is also worthy of our attention. In the Russian version, there are no questions with the inscription - it means “no entry to outsiders,” however, Piglet himself explained it this way: To outsiders V. is the name of his grandfather - Outsiders Willy or William Outsiders, and the sign is valuable for his family. In the original the situation is much more interesting. English phrase Trespassers W. is a shortened version of Trespassers Will be prosecuted, which literally translated into Russian means “Those who invaded this territory will be prosecuted” (which is completely replaced by the traditional one - “No unauthorized entry”). According to some reports, Milne could have deliberately included this phrase in his text so that children, having read up to this episode, would ask their parents to tell them about this expression and, first of all, the words trespasser and trespass.

Heffalump

The terrible and terrible Heffalump is a fictional hero of stories about Winnie the Pooh. In English the word heffalump is used, which is similar in sound and spelling to another English word- actually used in the language - elephant, which means "elephant". By the way, this is how the heffalump is usually depicted. In the Russian translation, the chapter dedicated to this character - ...in which a search is organdized, and Piglet meets the Heffalump again (the chapter in which the search is organized, and Piglet meets the Heffalump again) did not appear immediately - Zakhoder translated it only in 1990.

Cartoon

The original version and soviet cartoon Khitruk. Firstly, there is no Christopher Robin in the cartoon. Secondly, the Soviet Winnie the Pooh looks more like a real bear, while Milne's Winnie is a toy. It also looks like a children's toy in the Disney cartoon. In addition, our Winnie the Pooh does not wear clothes, and the original one sometimes wears a blouse. Thirdly, characters such as Tigger, Kanga and Little Roo are missing. Fourthly, the loss of Eeyore's tail and his miraculous discovery associated with his birthday are found only in the cartoon. In the book, these two events are completely unrelated to each other - two separate stories.

Songs of Winnie the Pooh

The famous songs of Winnie the Pooh - “I am Tuchka, Tuchka, Tuchka, and not a bear at all” - are more colorful in the Russian version. First of all, thanks to their name. What is simply called “song” in English is called “song-puff”, “grumpler”, “noisemaker” in Russian.

Kanga

The appearance of Kanga in the original version of the work is a real shock for the heroes. The reason for this is the fact that all the heroes who act in the book at that time are masculine, and Kanga is feminine. That is why the invasion of a girl’s boyish world becomes a big problem for others. In the Russian version, this effect does not work, since our Owl is also feminine.

Piglet lives in a very big house in the middle of a beech tree" very grand house in the middle of a beech tree ) in the Hundred Acre Wood Hundred Acre Wood), next to his house there is a sign that says "OUTSIDE IN." (English) TRESPASSERS WILL. , in another translation “PRIVATE S.”). According to the piglet, this is short for "Trespassers William", which was his grandfather's name.

Like most of the characters in the Winnie the Pooh fairy tale, Piglet was created in the image of one of Christopher Robin's toys. In the original color illustrations by Ernest H. Shepard, Piglet has pale pink skin and a green overalls.

In Disney cartoons, Piglet first appeared in the episode "Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day" (1968). The character was voiced by John Fiedler from 1968 to 2005 in Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie. In subsequent cartoons, Piglet is voiced by Travis Oates.

Disney image of Heel

Disney's Piglet

Piglet was not originally supposed to appear in Disney films, so he was not included in the first Winnie the Pooh film, Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1966). According to director Wolfgang Reiterman, Piglet was replaced by the character of Gopher, who was considered to have a "more folksy, all-American grassroots character." Many people familiar with classic book The Milnes protested Disney's decision to eliminate Piglet, and Disney softened the decision. Piglet appeared in the next Pooh film, Winnie the Pooh and a Windy Day (1968).

In Disney, Piglet has pink skin and a purple torso. He exhibits fears and nervousness, which causes him to run and hide, and often stutters when nervous. But Piglet has a lot of secretive courage and often helps others who are in danger, even when he is scared to death. Stories about him tend to revolve around this trait, as well as the character's short stature.

In the Disney cartoons, Piglet loves beautiful things such as flowers, he is very kind and is obsessed with keeping everything clean and tidy. He sometimes has an inferiority complex, although his friends think highly of him. However, he often performs tasks that are more appropriate for someone bigger and stronger, such as in several episodes of The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh or in the 2011 film.

Piglet can be found at Walt Disney Parks and Resorts. He appears less frequently than Pooh, Tigger, and Donkey, but more than Rabbit. Piglet also made a brief cameo in the 1988 film Who Framed Roger Rabbit. He was featured as one of the guests in the Disney animated series House of Mouse.

In Soviet cartoons about Winnie the Pooh (1969-1972), Piglet was voiced by actress Iya Savvina. Piglet always makes children laugh with his clumsy antics, such as hitting Pooh with a cork instead of hitting a balloon.

Influence on popular culture

Benjamin Hoff wrote "De Piglet" some time after its publication famous book"The Tao of Pooh"

Notes

see also

Links

• Christopher Robin's Toys – the inspiration for Piglet
• Piglet (English) on the website Internet Movie Database
• Piglet at The Disney Wiki
• Piglet at Winniepedia

Winnie the Pooh and Piglet, Eeyore and Rabbit, and all the other characters of this amazing fairy tale became famous in Russia in 1969, after the release of the cartoon, which told about the adventures of literary heroes. Since then, for children and adults they have become, if not friends, then very good acquaintances.

Where were the characters from "Winnie the Pooh" born?

It is known that the birthplace of this fun company led by Winnie the Pooh is England. The characters were invented by writer Alan Alexander Milne when he was telling his son bedtime stories.

In 1961, he decided to write down on paper his, as it turned out, brilliant work. Readers immediately fell in love with the characters in the book. American animators could not ignore the appearance of such extraordinary characters and drew the heroes, making them move and talk.

These two circumstances indicate that Winnie the Pooh, like himself and all the other inhabitants of the fairy-tale forest, could communicate with each other only in English. But this did not last long. Soon the heroes became loved all over the world; they had to “learn” the languages ​​of many peoples.

Appearance of characters in Russia

What was the name of Winnie the Pooh's friend and all the other participants? have fun adventures, most Soviet children and their parents also learned in 1969, when a film produced by domestic animators was released. The images created in it were completely different from those that existed in the American version of the cartoon. The new revelation of the characters' characters made them even more attractive.

But it’s worth mentioning that before these events there was one more thing, thanks to which Winnie the Pooh and everyone, everyone, all his friends started speaking Russian. Taught them how to do it children's writer and translator Boris Zakhoder - it was he who translated the book, and it became known in the Soviet Union.

The main characters of the work

Winnie the Pooh and Piglet are those heroes without whose participation not a single cartoon series or book chapter can do. It took a lot of work to create their images. In this creative work Not only animators Vladimir Zuikov took part, but also director Fyodor Khitruk and actor Evgeny Leonov, in whose voice Winnie the Pooh himself spoke.

Before the appearance of the image so beloved by the audience, there were other options for his appearance. But they did not accurately convey the character of the fat man, and they had to be abandoned.

Portraying the funny pig Piglet (as Winnie the Pooh's friend was called) also turned out to be a difficult task. For some reason, he always turned out to be similar to already known characters.

But the thin neck of the pig, which appeared as a result of technical problems during the creation of the cartoon frames, saved the situation. Now it’s simply impossible to imagine another image of Piglet.

Little Bear's Voice

Selecting actors to voice characters is also a very important and difficult task. While working on the cartoon “Winnie the Pooh and All-All-All,” this process took a long time. After all, the external image and voice of the hero must perfectly match each other.

The director of the film did not like the work of those actors whom he invited to audition. I wasn’t happy with Leonov’s voice either. But the technology helped - when playing the recording, they sped up the tempo, and unexpectedly for everyone, it turned out exactly what was needed.

How Piglet spoke

Winnie the Pooh's best friend also did not speak right away. The actress was forced, at the request of the director, to resort to such a technique as a parody. In his intonations and characteristic notes, some viewers heard the poetess Bella Akhmadulina.

Be that as it may, Piglet’s appearance and his voice are now inseparable from each other.

Whose characters are better?

After publication animated film, created in Russia, there was a lot of talk in the writing and cinematic community about whose heroes were better. This issue was widely discussed by the audience.

Comparing the characters of the heroes, everyone noticed that the Russian Vinnie is more enterprising, he never sits idle, while benefiting himself or his friends. The carelessness of the bear cub is also visible: if you got honey - that’s good, if you couldn’t get it - that’s also not a problem, because honey “if it’s there, it’s gone.”

Piglet (as Winnie the Pooh's friend was called) is also different from his brother. In the eyes of the Russian filmmakers, he is brave and reliable. Bravely accompanies the bear, does not throw it even into the most dangerous and awkward moments life. Although sometimes I myself am very scared or ashamed both for myself and for my friend.

Eeyore brings a smile and sympathy. It doesn't hurt to take lessons from the sensible Rabbit on economical housekeeping. You can listen to the wise Owl, but do not forget that she is cunning.

The heroes of Soviet cartoons are more like people in their actions. American characters are presented as plush toys. Their behavior and train of thoughts are subordinated to this image. Perhaps for this reason, it is believed that the version of Soviet animators is more suitable for an adult audience, and the American cartoon is more suitable for children.

With the passage of time, one can be convinced that both versions are still of interest to the public. The younger generation of parents believes that their children should certainly know the name of Winnie the Pooh’s friend, who they went to visit, who gave the heroes wise advice, taught them wisdom. Merry puffs, teasers and noisemakers, which are only in the Russian version of the cartoon, are sung in many languages ​​of the world by children and adults. We can say with confidence that the fairy tale “Winnie the Pooh and everything, everything, everything” lives on to this day.