Swastika fascist meaning. What does the German swastika mean? The swastika as an emblem of Nazi and fascist organizations

The four-pointed swastika is a twenty-sided triangle with axial symmetry of the 4th order. The correct -ray swastika is described by a point group of symmetry (Schönflies symbolism). This group is generated by rotation of the th order and reflection in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation - the so-called “horizontal” plane in which the drawing lies. Due to the operation of reflecting the swastika achiral and doesn't have enantiomer(that is, the "double" obtained by reflection, which cannot be combined with the original figure by any rotation). As a result, in oriented space, right- and left-handed swastikas do not differ. Right- and left-handed swastikas differ only on the plane, where the design has purely rotational symmetry. When even, an inversion appears, where is a 2nd order rotation.

You can build a swastika for anyone; when you get a figure similar to the integral sign. For example, the symbol Borjgali(see below) is a swastika with . A swastika-like figure will generally be obtained if you take any region on a plane and multiply it by rotating it times about a vertical axis that does not lie in the vertical plane of symmetry of the region.

Origin and meaning

Illustration from ESBE.

The word "swastika" is a composite of two Sanskrit roots: सु, su, “good, good” and अस्ति, asti, “life, existence,” that is, “well-being” or “well-being.” There is another name for the swastika - “gammadion” (Greek. γαμμάδιον ), since the Greeks saw the swastika as a combination of the four letters “gamma” (Γ).

The swastika is a symbol of the Sun, good luck, happiness and creation. In Western European medieval literature, the name of the sun god of the ancient Prussians Swaikstixa(Svaixtix) is first found in Latin-language monuments from the beginning of the 17th century: "Sudauer Buchlein"(mid-15th century), "Episcoporum Prussiae Pomesaniensis atque Sambiensis Constitutiones Synodales" (1530), "De Sacrificiis et Idolatria Veterum Borvssorvm Livonum, aliarumque uicinarum gentium" (1563), "De Diis Samagitarum" (1615) .

The swastika is one of the ancient and archaic solar signs - an indicator of the visible movement of the Sun around the Earth and the division of the year into four parts - four seasons. The sign records two solstices: summer and winter - and the annual movement of the Sun.

Nevertheless, the swastika is considered not only as a solar symbol, but also as a symbol of the fertility of the earth. Has the idea of ​​four cardinal directions, centered around an axis. The swastika also implies the idea of ​​​​moving in two directions: clockwise and counterclockwise. Like “Yin” and “Yang”, a dual sign: rotating clockwise symbolizes male energy, counterclockwise - female. In ancient Indian scriptures, a distinction is made between male and female swastikas, which depict two female as well as two male deities.

The Encyclopedia of Brockhaus F.A. and Efron I.A. writes about the meaning of the swastika as follows:

The swastika can be “correct” or “reverse”. Accordingly, a swastika in the opposite direction symbolizes darkness and destruction. In ancient times, both swastikas were used simultaneously. It has deep meaning: day follows night, light replaces darkness, new birth replaces death - and this is the natural order of things in the Universe. Therefore, in ancient times there were no “bad” and “good” swastikas - they were perceived in unity.

One of the oldest forms of the swastika is Asia Minor and is an ideogram of the four cardinal directions in the form of a figure with four cross-shaped curls. The swastika was understood as a symbol of the four main forces, the four cardinal directions, the elements, the seasons and the alchemical idea of ​​the transformation of elements.

Use in religion

In many religions, the swastika is an important religious symbol.

Buddhism

Other religions

Widely used by Jains and followers of Vishnu. In Jainism, the four arms of the swastika represent the four levels of existence.

Use in history

The swastika is a sacred symbol and is found already in the Upper Paleolithic period. The symbol is found in the culture of many nations. Ukraine, Egypt, Iran, India, China, Transoxiana, Russia, Armenia, Georgia, the Mayan state in Central America - this is the incomplete geography of this symbol. The swastika is represented in oriental ornaments, on monumental buildings and on household utensils, on various amulets and Orthodox icons.

In the Ancient World

The swastika was found on clay vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC, and in ornaments on ceramics of the South Ural Andronovo culture. Left- and right-handed swastikas are found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC.

One of the oldest forms of the swastika is Asia Minor and is an ideogram of the four cardinal directions in the form of a figure with four cross-shaped curls. Back in the 7th century BC, images similar to the swastika were known in Asia Minor, consisting of four cross-shaped curls - the rounded ends are signs of cyclic movement. There are interesting coincidences in the image of Indian and Asia Minor swastikas (points between the branches of the swastika, jagged thickenings at the ends). Other early forms swastikas - a square with four plant-like curves at the edges - are a sign of earth, also of Asia Minor origin.

A stele from the kingdom of Meroe, which existed in the 2nd-3rd centuries AD, was discovered in Northeast Africa. e. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife; a swastika also appears on the clothes of the deceased. The rotating cross also decorates golden weights for scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and clay utensils of the ancient Indians, and Persian carpets. The swastika is often found on the amulets of the Slavs, Germans, Pomors, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashs and many other peoples. The swastika is found wherever there are traces of Buddhist culture.

In China, the swastika is used as a symbol of all the deities worshiped in the Lotus School, as well as in Tibet and Siam. In ancient Chinese manuscripts it included such concepts as “region” and “country”. Known in the form of a swastika are two curved mutually truncated fragments of a double helix, expressing the symbolism of the relationship between “Yin” and “Yang”. In maritime civilizations, the double helix motif was an expression of the relationship between opposites, a sign of the Upper and Lower Waters, and also signified the process of the formation of life. On one of the Buddhist swastikas, each blade of the cross ends with a triangle indicating the direction of movement and crowned with an arch of the flawed moon, in which the sun is placed, like in a boat. This sign represents the sign of the mystical arba, the creative quaternary, also called the hammer of Thor. A similar cross was found by Schliemann during the excavations of Troy.

The swastika was depicted in pre-Christian Roman mosaics and on coins of Cyprus and Crete. An ancient Cretan rounded swastika made from plant elements is known. The Maltese cross in the shape of a swastika made of four triangles converging in the center is of Phoenician origin. It was also known to the Etruscans. According to A. Ossendovsky, Genghis Khan wore on his right hand a ring with the image of a swastika, into which a ruby ​​was set. Ossendowski saw this ring on the hand of the Mongol governor. Currently, this magical symbol is known mainly in India and Central and East Asia.

Swastika in India

Swastika in Russia (and on its territory)

Various types of swastika (3-rayed, 4-rayed, 8-rayed) are present on the ceramic ornament of the Andronovo archaeological culture (South Urals of the Bronze Age).

The rhombic-meander swastika ornament in the Kostenkovo ​​and Mezin cultures (25-20 thousand years BC) was studied by V. A. Gorodtsov. There is no reliable data yet about where the swastika was first used, but the earliest image of it was not registered in Rus'.

The swastika was used in rituals and construction, in homespun production: in embroidery on clothes, on carpets. Household utensils were decorated with swastikas. She was also present on the icons. Embroidered on clothing, the swastika could have a certain protective meaning.

The swastika symbol was used as a personal sign and amulet symbol by Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. Images of the swastika are found on hand-drawn postcards of the Empress. One of the first such “signs” was placed by the empress after the signature “A.” on a Christmas card drawn by her, sent on December 5, 1917 from Tobolsk to her friend Yu. A. Den.

The swastika was depicted on some banknotes of the Provisional Government of 1917 and on some Sovznak printed with the “Kerenok” cliche, which were in circulation from 1918 to 1922. .

In November 1919, the commander of the South-Eastern Front of the Red Army, V.I. Shorin, issued a document that approved the distinctive sleeve insignia of Kalmyk formations using a swastika. The swastika in the order is denoted by the word “lungtn”, that is, the Buddhist “Lungta”, meaning “whirlwind”, “ vital energy» .

Also, the image of a swastika can be seen on some historical monuments in Chechnya, in particular on ancient crypts in the Itum-Kala region of Chechnya (the so-called “City of the Dead”). In the pre-Islamic period, the swastika was a symbol of the Sun God among the pagan Chechens (Dela-Malkh).

Swastikas and censorship in the USSR

In the territory of modern Israel, images of swastikas were discovered during excavations in the mosaics of ancient synagogues. Thus, the synagogue on the site of the ancient settlement of Ein Gedi in the Dead Sea region dates back to the beginning of the 2nd century, and the synagogue on the site of the modern kibbutz Maoz Chaim on the Golan Heights operated between the 4th and 11th centuries.

In North, Central and South America, the swastika appears in Mayan and Aztec art. In North America, the Navajo, Tennessee and Ohio tribes used the swastika symbol in ritual burials.

Thai greeting Swatdi! comes from the word svatdika(swastika).

The swastika as an emblem of Nazi organizations

Nevertheless, I was forced to reject all the countless projects sent to me from all over by young supporters of the movement, since all these projects boiled down to only one theme: taking old colors and drawing a hoe-shaped cross on this background in different variations. […] After a series of experiments and alterations, I myself compiled a completed project: the main background of the banner is red; there is a white circle inside, and in the center of this circle is a black hoe-shaped cross. After much rework, I finally found the necessary relationship between the size of the banner and the size of the white circle, and also finally settled on the size and shape of the cross.

In the mind of Hitler himself, it symbolized the “struggle for the triumph of the Aryan race.” This choice combined the mystical occult meaning of the swastika, the idea of ​​the swastika as an “Aryan” symbol (due to its prevalence in India), and the already established use of the swastika in the German far-right tradition: it was used by some Austrian anti-Semitic parties, and in March 1920 During the Kapp Putsch, it was depicted on the helmets of the Erhardt brigade that entered Berlin (there may have been Baltic influence here, since many soldiers of the Volunteer Corps encountered swastikas in Latvia and Finland). Already in the 20s, the swastika became increasingly associated with Nazism; after 1933, it finally began to be perceived as a Nazi symbol par excellence, as a result of which, for example, it was excluded from the emblem of the scout movement.

However, strictly speaking, Nazi symbol It wasn’t just any swastika, but a four-pointed one, with the ends pointing to the right and rotated 45°. Moreover, it should be in a white circle, which in turn is depicted on a red rectangle. This very sign was on the state banner of National Socialist Germany from 1933 to 1945, as well as on the emblems of the civil and military services of this country (although, of course, other options were used for decorative purposes, including by the Nazis).

Actually, the Nazis used the term to designate the swastika, which served as their symbol. Hakenkreuz ("hakenkreuz", verbatim "hook cross", translation options also - "crooked" or "arachnid"), which is not a synonym for the word swastika (German. Swastika), also in circulation in German. It can be said that "hakenkreuz"- the same national name for the swastika in German as "solstice" or "Kolovrat" in Russian or "hakaristi" in Finnish, and is usually used specifically to refer to the Nazi symbol. In the Russian translation, this word was translated as “hoe-shaped cross”.

On the poster of the Soviet graphic artist Moor “Everything is “G”” (1941), the swastika consists of 4 letters “G”, symbolizing the first letters of the surnames of the leaders of the Third Reich written in Russian - Hitler, Goebbels, Himmler, Goering.

Geographical objects in the form of a swastika

Forest swastika

Forest swastika - forest planting in the shape of a swastika. They are found both in open areas in the form of appropriate schematic planting of trees, and in forest areas. In the latter case, as a rule, a combination of coniferous (evergreen) and deciduous (deciduous) trees is used.

Until 2000, the forest swastika existed northwest of the settlement of Zernikow, in the Uckermark region, in the state of Brandenburg in northwestern Germany.

On a hillside near the village of Tash-Bashat, in Kyrgyzstan, on the border with the Himalayas is the forest swastika "Eki Narin" ( 41.447351 , 76.391641 41°26′50.46″ n. w. 76°23′29.9″ E. d. /  41.44735121 , 76.39164121 (G)).

Labyrinths and their images

Buildings in the shape of a swastika

Complex 320-325(English) Complex 320-325) - one of the buildings of the naval landing base in Coronado (eng. Naval Amphibious Base Coronado ), in San Diego Bay, California. The base is operated by the United States Navy and is a central training and operating base for Special Forces and Expeditionary Forces. Coordinates 32.6761, -117.1578.

The Complex building was built between 1967 and 1970. The original design consisted of two central buildings for the boiler plant and relaxation area and a threefold repetition of the L-shaped barracks building with a 90-degree angle to the central buildings. The completed building was shaped like a swastika when viewed from above.

Computer symbol swastika

The Unicode character table contains the Chinese characters 卐 (U+5350) and 卍 (U+534D), which are swastikas.

Swastika in culture

In the Spanish TV series "Black Lagoon" (Russian version of "Closed School") Nazi organization, which was developing in the depths of a secret laboratory under a boarding school, had a coat of arms in which the swastika was encrypted.

Gallery

• Swastika in European culture



Swastika in a Roman mosaic from the 2nd century AD.

see also

Notes

1. R.V. Bagdasarov. Radio broadcast “Swastika: blessing or curse” on “Echo of Moscow”.
2. Korablev L. L. Graphic magic of the Icelanders. - M.: “Veligor”, 2002. - P. 101
3. http://www.swastika-info.com/images/amerika/usa/cocacola-swastika-fob.jpg
4. Gorodtsov V. A. Archeology. Stone period. M.; Pg., 1923.
5. Jelinek Jan. Large illustrated atlas of primitive man. Prague, 1985.
6. Tarunin A. Past - Kolovrat in Russia.
7. Bagdasarov, Roman; Dymarsky Vitaly, Zakharov Dmitry Swastika: blessing or curse. "The Price of Victory". "Echo of Moscow". Archived from the original on August 23, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2010.
8. Bagdasarov, Roman.. - M.: M., 2001. - P. 432.
9. Sergey Fomin. Materials for the history of the Tsarina's Cross
10. Letters Royal Family from captivity. Jordanville, 1974. P. 160; Dehn L. The Real Tsaritsa. London, 1922. R. 242.
11. Right there. P. 190.
12. Nikolaev R. Soviet "credit cards" with swastikas? . Bonistics website. - the article was also published in the newspaper “Miniature” 1992 No. 7, p. 11. Archived from the original source on August 23, 2011. Retrieved June 24, 2009.
13. Evgeny Zhirnov. Grant the right to wear a swastika to all Red Army soldiers // Vlast magazine. - 01.08.2000 - No. 30 (381)
14. http://www.echo.msk.ru/programs/victory/559590-echo/ Interview with historian and religious scholar Roman Bagdasarov
15. http://lj.rossia.org/users/just_hoaxer/311555.html LYUNGTN
16. Kuftin B. A. Material culture of Russian Meshchera. Part 1. Women's clothing: shirt, poneva, sundress. - M.: 1926.
17. W. Shearer. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
18. quote from the book by R. Bagdasarov “The Mysticism of the Fiery Cross”, M., Veche, 2005
19. Discussion of the terms Hakenkreuz and Swastika in the LiveJournal community “Linguaphiles” (in English)
20. Adolf Hitler, "Mein Kampf"
21. Kern Hermann. Labyrinths of the world / Transl. from English - St. Petersburg: ABC-classics, 2007. - 432 p.
22. Azerbaijani Carpets (English)
23. Li Hongzhi. Zhuan Falun Falun Dafa

Literature

In Russian

1. Wilson Thomas. Swastika. The oldest known symbol, its movement from country to country, with observations about the movement of some crafts in prehistoric times/ Translation from English: A. Yu. Moskvin // History of the swastika from ancient times to the present day. - Nizhny Novgorod: Publishing House "Books", 2008. - 528 p. - P. 3-354. - ISBN 978-5-94706-053-9.
   (This is the first publication in Russian of the best fundamental work on the history of the swastika, written by the curator of the department of prehistoric anthropology of the US National Museum, Thomas Wilson, and first published in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution (Washington) in 1896).
2. Akunov V. The swastika is the oldest symbol of humanity (selection of publications)
3. Bagdasarov R.V. Swastika: sacred symbol. Ethno-religious essays. - Ed. 2nd, corrected. - M.: White Alva, 2002. - 432 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 5-7619-0164-1
4. Bagdasarov R.V. The mysticism of the fiery cross. Ed. 3rd, add. and corrected. - M.: Veche, 2005. - 400 p. - 5000 copies. - (Labyrinths of occult science). -

Thanks to the anti-Russian media and information, no one knows who works for them, many people now associate the Swastika with fascism and Adolf Hitler. This idea has been hammered into people's heads for the last 70 years. Few people now remember that the Swastika was depicted on Soviet money in the period from 1917 to 1923 as a legalized state symbol; that on the sleeve patches of soldiers and officers of the Red Army during the same period there was also a Swastika in a laurel wreath, and inside the Swastika there were the letters R.S.F.S.R. There is even an opinion that Comrade I.V. Stalin himself gave the Golden Swastika-Kolovrat as a party symbol to Adolf Hitler in 1920. So many legends and conjectures have accumulated around this ancient symbol that it is perhaps worth telling in more detail about this oldest solar cult symbol on Earth.

The swastika symbol is a rotating cross with curved ends directed clockwise or counterclockwise. As a rule, now all over the world all Swastika symbols are called in one word - SWASTIKA, which is fundamentally wrong, because Each Swastika symbol in ancient times had its own name, purpose, Protective Power and Figurative meaning.

Swastika symbolism, being the oldest, is most often found in archaeological excavations. More often than other symbols, it was found in ancient mounds, on the ruins of ancient cities and settlements. In addition, swastika symbols were depicted on various details of architecture, weapons, clothing and household utensils among many peoples of the world. Swastika symbolism is found everywhere in ornamentation as a sign of Light, Sun, Love, Life. In the West, there was even an interpretation that the Swastika symbol must be understood as an abbreviation of four words starting with a Latin letter "L":
Light - Light, Sun; Love - Love; Life - Life; Luck - Fate, Luck, Happiness(see postcard below).

English greeting card from the early 20th century

The oldest archaeological artifacts depicting swastika symbols now date back to approximately 4-15 millennium BC. (on the right is a vessel from the Scythian Kingdom of 3-4 thousand BC). According to archaeological excavations, the richest areas for the use of the swastika as a religious and cultural symbol are Russia and Siberia. Neither Europe, nor India, nor Asia can compare with Russia or Siberia in the abundance of swastika symbols covering Russian weapons, banners, national costumes, household utensils, everyday and agricultural items, as well as houses and temples. Excavations of ancient mounds, cities and settlements speak for themselves - many ancient Slavic cities had a clear form of Swastika, oriented to the four cardinal directions. This can be seen in the example of Arkaim, Vendogard and others (below is a reconstruction plan of Arkaim).

Reconstruction plan of Arkaim by L. L. Gurevich

The swastika and swastika-solar symbols were the main and, one might even say, almost the only elements of the most ancient Proto-Slavic ornaments. But this does not mean at all that the Slavs and Aryans were bad artists.
Firstly, there were a great many varieties of images of Swastika symbols. Secondly, in ancient times, not a single pattern was applied to any object just like that, because each element of the pattern corresponded to a certain cult or protective (amulet) meaning, because each symbol in the pattern had its own mystical power. By combining various mystical forces, white people created a favorable atmosphere around themselves and their loved ones, in which it was easiest to live and create. These were carved patterns, stucco molding, painting, beautiful carpets woven by hardworking hands (see photo below).

Traditional Celtic carpet with swastika pattern

But not only the Aryans and Slavs believed in the mystical power of swastika patterns. The same symbols were discovered on clay vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC. Swastika symbols in levorotatory and dextrorotatory forms are found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC. e. In Northeast Africa, archaeologists have found a funerary stele from the kingdom of Meroz, which existed in the 2nd -3rd centuries AD. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife; a Swastika is emblazoned on the clothes of the deceased.

The rotating cross adorns golden weights for scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and clay utensils of the ancient Indians, beautiful carpets woven by the Persians and Celts. Man-made belts created by the Komi, Russians, Sami, Latvians, Lithuanians and other peoples are also filled with swastika symbols, and at present it is difficult even for an ethnographer to figure out which people these ornaments belong to. Judge for yourself.

Since ancient times, swastika symbolism has been the main and dominant symbol among almost all peoples on the territory of Eurasia: Slavs, Germans, Mari, Pomors, Skalvi, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvash, Indians, Icelanders, Scots and many others.

In many ancient Beliefs and religions, the Swastika is the most important and brightest cult symbol. Thus, in ancient Indian philosophy and Buddhism (pic. on the right. Buddha’s Foot) the Swastika is a symbol of the eternal circulation of the universe, a symbol of the Buddha’s Law, to which all things are subject. (Dictionary “Buddhism”, M., “Republic”, 1992); in Tibetan Lamaism - a protective symbol, a symbol of happiness and a talisman.
In India and Tibet, the Swastika is depicted everywhere: on the walls and gates of temples (see photo below), on residential buildings, as well as on the fabrics in which all sacred texts and tablets are wrapped. Very often, sacred texts from the Book of the Dead, which are written on funeral covers, are framed with swastika ornaments before cremation.

At the gate of the Vedic Temple. Northern India. 2000

"Warships in the roadstead (in the inland sea)." XVIII century

You can see the image of many Swastikas both in an old Japanese engraving of the 18th century (picture above) and on the unparalleled mosaic floors in the halls of the St. Petersburg Hermitage (picture below).

Pavilion Hall of the Hermitage. Mosaic floor. Photo 2001

But you will not find any messages about this in the media, because they have no idea what the Swastika is, what ancient figurative meaning it carries, what it has meant for many millennia and means now for the Slavs and Aryans and many peoples inhabiting our Earth. In these media, alien to the Slavs, the Swastika is called either a German cross or a fascist sign and reduces its image and meaning only to Adolf Hitler, Germany 1933-45, to fascism (National Socialism) and the Second World War. Modern “journalists”, “is-Torists” and guardians of “universal human values” seem to have forgotten that the Swastika is the oldest Russian symbol, that in past times representatives supreme authority In order to enlist the support of the people, they always made the Swastika a state symbol and placed its image on money. This is what the princes and tsars did, the Provisional Government (see p. 166) and the Bolsheviks, who later seized power from them (see below).

Now few people know that the matrices of the 250 ruble banknote, with the image of the Swastika symbol - Kolovrat against the background of a double-headed eagle, were made according to a special order and sketches of the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II. The Provisional Government used these matrices to issue banknotes in denominations of 250, and later 1000 rubles. Beginning in 1918, the Bolsheviks introduced new banknotes in denominations of 5,000 and 10,000 rubles, on which three Swastika-Kolovrat are depicted: two smaller Kolovrat in the side ligatures are intertwined with large numbers 5,000, 10,000, and a large Kolovrat is placed in the middle. But, unlike the 1000 rubles of the Provisional Government, which had the State Duma depicted on the reverse side, the Bolsheviks placed a double-headed eagle on banknotes. Money with the Swastika-Kolovrat was printed by the Bolsheviks and was in use until 1923, and only after the appearance of USSR banknotes were they taken out of circulation.

The authorities of Soviet Russia, in order to gain support in Siberia, created sleeve patches in 1918 for the soldiers of the Red Army of the South-Eastern Front, they depicted a Swastika with the abbreviation R.S.F.S.R. inside (see below). But the Russian Government of A.V. Kolchak did the same, calling under the banner of the Siberian Volunteer Corps (see above left); Russian emigrants in Harbin and Paris, and then the National Socialists in Germany.

Created in 1921 according to the sketches of Adolf Hitler, the party symbols and flag of the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party) later became state symbols Germany (1933-1945). Few people now know that in Germany the National Socialists used not Swastika , and a symbol similar in outline to it is Hakenkreuz (bottom left), which has a completely different figurative meaning - a change in the surrounding world and a person’s worldview.

For many millennia, different designs of swastika symbols have had a powerful influence on people’s lifestyles, their psyche (Soul) and subconscious, uniting representatives of different tribes for some bright purpose; gave a powerful surge of light divine forces, revealing the internal reserves in people for comprehensive creation for the benefit of their Clans, in the name of justice, prosperity and well-being of their Fatherland.

At first, only the clergy of various Tribal cults, creeds and religions used this, then representatives of the highest state authorities began to use swastika symbols - princes, kings, etc., and after them all kinds of occultists and political figures turned to the Swastika.

After the Bolsheviks completely captured all levels of power, the need for support of the Soviet regime by the Russian people disappeared, because it would be easier to confiscate the values ​​​​created by the same Russian people. Therefore, in 1923, the Bolsheviks abandoned the Swastika, leaving only the five-pointed star, Hammer and Sickle as state symbols.

IN ancient times when our Ancestors used x "Aryan Runes, the word Swastika , translated as Who Came from Heaven. Since Rune - NVA meant Heaven (hence Svarog - Heavenly God) - WITH - Rune of direction; Runes - TIKA - movement, coming, flow, running. Our children and grandchildren still pronounce the word tick, i.e. run. In addition, the figurative form is TIKA and is now found in everyday words Arctic, Antarctic, mysticism, homiletics, politics, etc.

Ancient Vedic sources tell us that even our galaxy has the shape of a Swastika, and our Yarila-Sun system is located in one of the arms of this Heavenly Swastika. And since we are located in the galactic sleeve, our entire galaxy (its ancient name is Svasti) is perceived by us as Perun’s Way or the Milky Way.
Any person who loves to look at the scattering of stars at night can see the constellation Mokosh (Ursa Major) to the left Swastikas (see below). It shines in the skies, but has been excluded from modern star maps and atlases.

Both iconic and everyday solar symbol, bringing happiness, good luck, prosperity, joy and prosperity, the Swastika was originally used only among the white people of the Great Race, professing the Old Faith of the First Ancestors - Ingliism , the druidic cults of Ireland, Scotland, Scandinavia, and many millennia later, other peoples of the Earth began to venerate her Sacred Image: followers of Hinduism, Bon, Jainism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity of various directions, representatives of natural-religious confessions of Europe and America. The only ones who do not recognize the symbolism as sacred are representatives of Judaism. Some people may object: they say that in the oldest synagogue in Israel there is a Swastika on the floor and no one destroys it. Indeed, the swastika symbol is present on the floor in the Israeli synagogue, but only so that everyone who comes tramples it underfoot.

The Legacy of the Ancestors brought the news that for many millennia the Slavs used Swastika symbols. They were numbered 144 types: Swastika, Kolovrat, Posolon, Holy Gift, Svasti, Svaor, Solntsevrat, Agni, Fash, Mara; Inglia, Solar Cross, Solard, Vedara, Light, Fern Flower, Perunov Color, Swati, Race, Bogovnik, Svarozhich, Svyatoch, Yarovrat, Odolen-Grass, Rodimich, Charovrat, etc.

Swastika symbols carry a huge secret meaning. They contain enormous Wisdom. Each Swastika symbol reveals to us a Great picture of the universe. The Heritage of the Ancestors says that the knowledge of Ancient Wisdom does not accept a stereotypical approach. The study of ancient symbols, Runic writings and ancient Traditions must be approached with an open heart and a pure Soul.
Not for profit, but for knowledge!
Swastika symbols in Russia were used for political purposes by all and sundry: monarchists, Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, but much earlier representatives of the Black Hundred began to use their Swastikas, then the baton was picked up by the Russian Fascist Party in Harbin.

At the end of the 20th century, the Russian National Unity organization began to use Swastika symbols (see left). A knowledgeable person never says that the Swastika is German or fascist symbol. Only foolish and ignorant people say this, because they reject what they are not able to understand and know, and also try to pass off what they want as reality.

But if ignorant people reject some symbol or some information, this still does not mean that this symbol or information does not exist.

Denial or distortion of the truth to please some disrupts the harmonious development of others. Even the ancient symbol of the Greatness of the Fertility of the Mother of the Raw Earth, called in ancient times SOLARD , some incompetent people consider it to be a fascist symbol. A symbol that appeared many thousands of years before the rise of National Socialism. At the same time, it does not even take into account the fact that RNE’s SOLARD is combined with the Star of Lada the Mother of God (see left), where the Divine Forces (Golden Field), the Forces of the Primary Fire (red), the Heavenly Forces (blue) and the Forces of Nature are united together (green). The only difference between the original Mother Nature Symbol and the sign that RNE uses is the multi-colored nature of the Original Mother Nature Symbol (left) and the two-colored one of the Russian National Unity.

Ordinary people had their own names for Swastika symbols. In the villages of the Ryazan province they called her “feather grass” - the embodiment of the Wind; on Pechora “hare” - here the graphic symbol was perceived as a piece of Sunlight, a ray, a Sunny bunny; in some places the Solar Cross was called “horse”, “horse shank” (horse head), because a long time ago the horse was considered a symbol of the Sun and Wind; were called Swastika-Solyarniks and “Ognivtsy”, again in honor of Yarila the Sun. The people very correctly felt both the Fiery, Flaming Nature of the symbol (Sun) and its Spiritual essence (Wind).

Elder Master Khokhloma painting Stepan Pavlovich Veseloye (1903-1993) from the village of Mogushino, Nizhny Novgorod region, following traditions, painted the Swastika on wooden plates and bowls, calling it “saffron milk cap”, the Sun, and explained: “It is the wind that shakes and moves a blade of grass.”

In the village, to this day, on holidays, girls and women wear smart sundresses, ponevas and shirts, and men wear blouses embroidered with swastika symbols of various shapes. They bake lush loaves and sweet cookies, decorated on top with Kolovrat, Salting, Solstice and other Swastika patterns.

As mentioned earlier, before the onset of the second half of the 20th century, the main and almost the only patterns and symbols that existed in Slavic embroidery were Swastika ornaments.

But in the second half of the 20th century, in America, Europe and the USSR they began to decisively eradicate this Solar symbol, and they eradicated it in the same way as they had previously eradicated: the ancient folk Slavic and Aryan Culture; ancient Faith and folk traditions; the true Heritage of the Ancestors, undistorted by the rulers, and the long-suffering Slavic people themselves, the bearer of the ancient Slavic-Aryan Culture.

And even now, many of the same people or their descendants are trying to ban any types of rotating Solar crosses, but using different pretexts: if earlier this was done under the pretext of class struggle and anti-Soviet conspiracies, now it is a fight against extremist activity.
For those who are not indifferent to the ancient Native Great Russian Culture, here are several typical patterns of Slavic embroidery of the 18th-20th centuries. On all enlarged fragments you can see Swastika symbols and ornaments for yourself.
The use of swastika symbols in ornaments in the Slavic lands is simply innumerable. They are used in the Baltic states, Belarus, the Volga region, Pomorie, Perm, Siberia, the Caucasus, the Urals, Altai and the Far East and other regions.

Academician B. A. Rybakov called the Solar symbol - Kolovrat, a connecting “link between the Paleolithic, where it first appeared, and modern ethnography, which provides countless examples of swastika patterns in fabrics, embroidery and weaving.”

But after the Second World War, in which Russia, as well as all Slavic and Aryan peoples, suffered huge losses, the enemies of the Aryan and Slavic Culture, began to equate fascism with the Swastika.

The Slavs used this Solar sign throughout their existence.
The flow of lies and fabrications regarding the Swastika has filled the cup of absurdity. “Russian teachers” in modern schools, lyceums and gymnasiums in Russia teach children complete nonsense that The swastika is a Nazi cross made up of four letters "G" , denoting the first letters of leaders Nazi Germany: Hitler, Himmler, Goering and Goebbels (sometimes replaced by Hess). Listening to such “would-be teachers,” one might think that Germany during the time of Adolf Hitler exclusively used Russian alphabet , and not at all the Latin script and the German Runic.
Is it in German surnames: HITLER, HIMMLER, GERING, GEBELS (HESS) , there is at least one Russian letter"G" - No! But the flow of lies does not stop.
Swastika patterns and elements have been used by the peoples of the Earth for the last 10-15 thousand years, which is confirmed even by archaeological scientists.
Ancient thinkers said more than once: “Two troubles hinder human development: ignorance and ignorance.” Our Ancestors were knowledgeable and in charge, and therefore used various Swastika elements and ornaments in everyday life, considering them symbols of Yarila the Sun, Life, Happiness and Prosperity.

In general, only one symbol was called Swastika. This is an equilateral cross with curved short rays. Each beam has a 2:1 ratio (see left).
Only narrow-minded and ignorant people can denigrate everything pure, bright and dear that remains among the Slavic and Aryan peoples. Let's not be like them! Do not paint over Swastika symbols in ancient Slavic Temples and Christian churches, on the Kumirs of the Light Gods and the Images of the Many-Wise Ancestors. Do not destroy, at the whim of the ignorant and Slav-haters, the so-called “Soviet staircase”, the mosaic floor and ceilings of the Hermitage or the domes of the Moscow St. Basil’s Cathedral just because various versions of the Swastika have been painted on them for hundreds of years.

Everyone knows that the Slavic prince Prophetic Oleg nailed his shield to the gates of Constantinople (Constantinople), but few people now know what was depicted on the shield. However, a description of the symbolism of his shield and armor can be found in historical chronicles (Drawing of the Prophetic Oleg’s shield on the right).Prophetic people, i.e. those possessing the gift of Spiritual Foresight and knowledge of the Ancient Wisdom, which the Gods and Ancestors left to people, were endowed by the Priests with various symbols. One of these most notable people was the Slavic prince - Prophetic Oleg.
In addition to being a prince and an excellent military strategist, he was also a high-level priest. The symbolism that was depicted on his clothes, weapons, armor and princely banner tells about this in all detailed images.

The Fiery Swastika (symbolizing the land of the Ancestors) in the center of the nine-pointed Star of England (symbol of the Faith of the First Ancestors) was surrounded by the Great Kolo (Circle of Patron Gods), which emitted eight rays of Spiritual Light (the eighth degree of Priestly initiation) to the Svarog Circle. All this symbolism spoke of the enormous Spiritual and physical strength, which is sent to protect the Motherland and the Holy Old Faith.

They believed in the Swastika as a talisman that “attracts” good luck and happiness. In Ancient Rus' it was believed that if you draw Kolovrat on your palm, you will definitely be lucky. Even modern students draw Swastikas on their palms before exams. Swastikas were also painted on the walls of the house so that happiness would reign there; this exists in Russia, Siberia, and India.

For those readers who wish to receive more information about the Swastika, we recommend Ethno-religious essays by Roman Vladimirovich Bagdasarov

In world history textbooks and documentaries about the Second World War, we see a sign that carries the ideology of fascism. A frightening sign is painted on the armbands of the SS men, on the fascist flag. They marked captured objects. Many countries were afraid of the bloody symbol and, of course, no one thought about what the fascist swastika meant.

Historical roots

Contrary to our assumptions, the swastika is not Hitler’s invention. This symbol begins its history far before our era. In the process of studying different eras, archaeologists see this ornament on clothing and various household items.

The geography of finds is vast: Iraq, India, China and even in Africa a funeral fresco with a swastika was found. However, the largest amount of evidence of the use of swastikas in people’s everyday lives has been collected in Russia.

The word itself is translated from Sanskrit - happiness, prosperity. According to some scientists, the sign of a rotating cross symbolizes the path of the sun across the dome of heaven, is a symbol of fire and hearth. Protects the house and the temple.

Initially, tribes of white people, the so-called Aryan race, began to use the sign of a rotating cross in everyday life. However, Aryans are historically Indo-Iranians. Presumably, the indigenous territory is the Eurasian circumpolar region, the region of the Ural Mountains, and therefore the close connection with the Slavic peoples is quite understandable.

Later, these tribes actively moved south and settled in Iraq and India, bringing with them culture and religion to these lands.

What does the German swastika mean?

The sign of the rotating cross was revived in the 19th century thanks to active archaeological activities. Then it was used in Europe as a talisman that brought good luck. Later, a theory about the exclusivity of the German race appeared, and the swastika acquired the status symbol of many far-right German parties.

In his autobiographical book, Hitler indicated that he came up with the emblem of the new Germany on his own. However, in fact, this was a sign known to everyone for a long time. Hitler depicted him black, with a white ring, on a red background and called him Hakenkreuz, which in German means " hook cross».

The blood-red canvas was proposed deliberately in order to attract the attention of the Soviet people and taking into account psychological influence this shade. The white ring is a sign of national socialism, and the swastika is a sign of the Aryans' struggle for their pure blood.

According to Hitler's idea, hooks were knives prepared for Jews, gypsies and the unclean.

Swastika of the Slavs and the Nazis: differences

However, when compared with the fascist ideological emblem, a number of distinctive features were discovered:

1. The Slavs did not have clear rules for depicting the sign. A fairly large number of ornaments were considered swastikas, all of them had their own names and had special powers. They featured intersecting lines, frequent branches, or even curved curves. As you know, in the Hitler emblem there is only a tetrahedral cross with sharp curved ends to the left. All intersections and bends are at right angles;
2. The Indo-Iranians painted the sign in red on a white background, but other cultures: Buddhist and Indian used blue or yellow;
3. The Aryan sign was a powerful noble amulet that symbolized wisdom, family values and self-knowledge. According to their idea, the German cross is a weapon against the unclean race;
4. Ancestors used ornaments in household items. They decorated clothes, handles, napkins with them, and painted vases with them. The Nazis used the swastika for military and political purposes.

Thus, you cannot put both of these signs on the same line. They have quite a lot of differences, both in writing and in use and ideology.

Myths about the swastika

Highlight some delusions regarding the ancient graphic ornament:

• The direction of rotation does not matter. According to one theory, the direction of the sun to the right means peaceful creative energy, and if the rays look to the left, then the energy becomes destructive. The Slavs also used left-sided patterns to attract the patronage of their ancestors and increase the strength of the clan;
• The author of the German swastika is not Hitler. For the first time, the mythical sign was brought to the territory of Austria by a traveler - the abbot of the monastery Theodor Hagen at the end of the 19th century, from where it spread to German soil;
• The swastika in the form of a military sign was used not only in Germany. Since 1919, the RSFSR has used sleeve badges with swastikas to identify Kalmyk military personnel.

In connection with the difficult events of the war, the swastika cross acquired a sharply negative ideological connotation and, according to the decision of the post-war tribunal, was banned.

Rehabilitation of the Aryan symbol

Different states today have different attitudes towards the swastika:

1. In America, a certain sect is actively trying to rehabilitate the swastika. There is even a holiday for the rehabilitation of the swastika, which is called the World Day and is celebrated on June 23;
2. In Latvia, before a hockey match, during an exhibition flash mob, dancers unfurled a large swastika figure on an ice rink;
3. In Finland, the swastika is used on the official flag of the air force;
4. In Russia, heated debates are still raging regarding the restoration of rights to the mark. There are entire groups of swastikophiles who make various positive arguments. In 2015, Roskomnadzor spoke about the permissibility of displaying the swastika without its ideological propaganda. That same year, the Constitutional Court banned the use of the swastika in any form, due to the fact that it was immoral towards veterans and their descendants.

Thus, attitudes towards the Aryan sign are different all over the world. However, we all need to remember what the fascist swastika means, since it was a symbol of the most destructive ideology in the history of mankind and has nothing in common with the ancient Slavic sign in terms of semantic load.

Video about the meaning of the fascist symbol

In this video, Vitaly Derzhavin will tell you about several more meanings of the swastika, how it appeared and who first began to use this symbol:

After the First World War, Europe was in a state of economic and cultural crisis. Hundreds of thousands of young people went to war, naively dreaming of heroic deeds on the battlefield for the sake of honor and glory, and returned disabled in all respects. All that remains of the spirit of optimism that marked the first years of the 20th century are memories.

It was during these years that a new political movement. What united fascists in different European countries was that they were all ultranationalists. Fascist parties, organized according to a strictly hierarchical principle, included people of different social classes who were eager for active action. All of them argued that their own country or ethnic group was in danger, and believed themselves to be the only political alternative that could counter this threat. For example, democracy, foreign capitalism, communism, or, as was the case in Germany, Romania and Bulgaria, other nations and races were declared dangerous. The purpose of creating such an imaginary threat was to organize a mass movement capable of uniting the country and violently crushing competing ideas and external forces, allegedly seeking to destroy the nation. The state had to take full control of every member of society, and industry had to be organized in such a way as to achieve maximum labor productivity.

IN general framework such a strategy naturally existed different variants ideologies - depending on the historical, cultural and political background of each country. In countries with a strong Catholic Church, fascism was often combined with elements of Catholicism. In some European countries, the fascist movement degenerated into small marginal groups. In others, fascists succeeded in coming to power, and developments were marked by the cult of the fascist leader, disregard for human rights, control of the press, celebration of militarism, and suppression of the labor movement.

Italy and the “bundle of rods”, or “bundle of brushwood”

The word "fascism" was originally used to refer to the ideology of the Partito Nazionale Fascista party in Italy. The leader of the Italian fascists was former journalist Benito Mussolini. For many years Mussolini was interested in the socialist movement, but during the First World War he became a nationalist.

After World War I, Italy's economy was devastated, unemployment reached record highs, and democratic traditions declined. The war cost the lives of more than 600 thousand Italians, and although Italy was on the winning side, the country was in crisis. Many believed that Italy lost as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.

On May 23, 1919, the first fascist group Fasci di Combattimenti was formed. Skillfully using the social unrest in the country, Mussolini turned his group into a mass organization. When it was transformed into a political party in the fall of 1921, it already included 300 thousand people. Another six months later the movement united 700 thousand members. In the elections of 1921, the fascist party received 6.5% of the votes and entered parliament.

However, the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista) was not an ordinary political party. The fascist movement attracted, first of all, young men. Many of them were war veterans and knew how to obey discipline and handle weapons. Militant groups appeared in the movement, where the rule of the strong was extolled, and gradually violence became an important part of the entire party ideology. With their bloody attacks on communists and other representatives of the labor movement, the fascists sided with employers during strikes, and the Conservative government used them to suppress socialist opposition.

In 1922, the fascists took power in Italy. Mussolini threatened to march on Rome with his fighters. Following this threat, on October 31, he was invited to an audience with King Victor Emmanuel III, who offered Mussolini the post of prime minister in a conservative coalition government. It was a peaceful seizure of power, but in the mythology of fascism the event was called the “March on Rome” and was described as a revolution.

Mussolini was in power for 22 years, until July 25, 1943, when Allied troops entered Italy and the king removed the dictator. Mussolini was arrested, but he was freed by German parachute troops, allowing him to escape to Northern Italy, where on September 23 the Duce proclaimed the infamous "Republic of Salo" - a German protectorate. The "Republic of Salo" existed until April 25, 1945, when Allied troops occupied this last bastion of Italian fascism. On April 28, 1945, Benito Mussolini was captured by partisans and executed.

Totalitarian state

Mussolini, like many of his comrades, went to the front as a soldier during the First World War. Life in the trenches seemed to him to be an ideal society in miniature, where everyone, regardless of age or social origin, worked for a common goal: the defense of the country from an external enemy. Having come to power, Mussolini planned to change Italy to its core, to create a country where the entire society would be involved in a gigantic production machine and where the fascists would have total control. The expression “totalitarian state” arose in the early years of the fascist regime among its political opponents to describe precisely this type of government. Mussolini then began to use this term to describe his own ambitious plans. In October 1925, he formulated the slogan: “Everything is in the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state.”

All political power in society was to come personally from Mussolini, who was called "Duce", that is, "leader" or "leader". To motivate this concentration of power in the hands of one man, the Italian press began to praise Mussolini. He was described as the personification of the ideal man, such myths and such a cult of his personality were created around him, which in the eyes of a modern person seems ridiculous. For example, he was described as a “superman” who is able to work 24 hours a day, has fantastic physical strength and once allegedly stopped the eruption of Mount Etna with his gaze.

Heirs of the Roman Empire

The Italian state was relatively young and socially and even linguistically heterogeneous. However, even before the fascists came to power, nationalists sought to unite citizens around a single historical heritage - the history of Ancient Rome. Ancient Roman history has been an important part of school teaching since the late 19th century. Even before the outbreak of the First World War, colossal historical films were being created.

Naturally, in this atmosphere, Mussolini tried to present the fascists as the heirs of the Romans, fulfilling a historical task predetermined by fate - the return of the former power and splendor of the collapsed empire. During the reign of the Duce, the main attention was paid to the period of the rise of the Roman Empire, its military superiority, and the social structure of that time was portrayed as similar to the one that Mussolini sought to build. It is from Roman history that many of the symbols used by the fascists are borrowed.

"Bundle of brushwood" - "fascia"

The word “fascism” itself has a common root with the party symbol of Mussolini and his henchmen. Fascio littorio, lictor's fascia
- this was the name of a bundle of brushwood or rods with a bronze hatchet in the center. Such “bundles” or “sheaves” were carried by Roman lictors - low-ranking officials, clearing them in the crowd even for important people.

In Ancient Rome, such a “bundle of brushwood” was a symbol of the right to hit, beat and generally punish. Later it became a symbol of political power in general. In the 18th century, during the Enlightenment, the fasces represented republican rule as opposed to monarchy. In the 19th century, it came to mean strength through unity, since rods tied together are much stronger than the sum of each twig or lash. In the second half of the century, the words “fascination”, “fascia”, “ligament” began to mean small leftist groups in politics. And after several strikes by trade unions in Sicily in the mid-1890s, the term acquired a connotation of radicalism.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the word “fascists” was quite common. This was the name given to radical Italian political groups, both right and left. However, with the spread of the Fasci di Combattimenti party throughout the country, Mussolini monopolized the term. Gradually, the word “fascia” began to be associated specifically with the ideology of the Italian fascists, and not generally with political authority, as before.

The “bundle of brushwood” or “bundle of rods” was not only a symbol of the fascists’ perception of themselves as the heirs of Rome. The symbolism also meant the spiritual and physical “rebirth” of the Italian people, the basis of which was authority and discipline. The branches tied into one bundle became the personification of a united Italy under the leadership of the Duce. In his manifesto “The Doctrine of Fascism” (Dottrina del fascismo, 1932), Mussolini wrote: “[fascism] wants to transform not only the external forms of human life, but also its very content, man, characters, faith. This requires discipline and authority, which impresses souls and completely conquers them. Therefore, they are marked by the lictorial fasces, a symbol of unity, strength and justice.”

After Mussolini came to power, the fasces pervaded the daily lives of Italians. They were found on coins, banners, official documents, manhole covers and postage stamps. They were used by private associations, organizations and clubs. Two huge “sheaves” stood on the sides of Mussolini when he made speeches to the people in Rome.

Since 1926, members of the Fascist Party were required to wear this sign - the party emblem - on civilian clothes. In December of the same year, a decree was issued giving the symbol national significance. Three months later, the "sheaf" was included in the image of the state coat of arms of Italy, taking a place to the left of the coat of arms of the Italian royal house. In April 1929, the fasces replaced the two lions on the royal shield. Thus the state and the fascist party merged into one. And the fascia became a visible symbol of the “new order.”

Fascist "style"

Mussolini not only wanted to change society, but he also sought to transform the Italian people in accordance with the fascist ideal. The Duce began with party members who were the first to dress and behave in accordance with the fascist model, which then became associated with right-wing extremist movements around the world. For the fascists, the word “style” was not only a matter of taste in the choice of clothing. It was about closeness to the fascist ideal in everything: in habits, behavior, actions and attitude to life.

Fascism was a war ideology, and its supporters dressed like soldiers. They marched, sang fight songs, swore oaths of allegiance, took oaths of office, and wore uniforms. The uniform included boots, trousers, a special headdress and a black shirt.

Black shirts were originally worn by members of militant fascist groups who fought in the streets with communists and other political opponents. They looked like elite troops from the First World War and were called "arditi". When Mussolini came to power in 1922, he disbanded the militants and organized a national militia in their place. But black shirts remained and over time acquired such a status that a person wearing one at the wrong time could be arrested and put on trial.

In 1925, Mussolini said at a party congress: “The black shirt is not everyday wear or a uniform. This is a battle uniform that only humans can wear, pure at heart and heart."

The “ten commandments” of fascism, which were formulated in October 1931, stated: “He who is not ready, without the slightest hesitation, to sacrifice his body and soul for Italy and in the service of Mussolini, is not worthy to wear the black shirt - the symbol of fascism.” . After coming to power, black shirts began to be worn by civil servants of all departments. In 1931, all professors, and a few years later, teachers at all levels, were required to wear black shirts at all times. ceremonies. From 1932 to 1934, detailed rules were developed for wearing shirts (wearing starched collars was “absolutely prohibited”) in combination with accessories - boots, belt and tie.

Roman greeting

The fascist style of behavior also included the so-called Roman salute. Greeting outstretched right hand palm down from the second half of the XVIII centuries associated with Ancient Rome. It is unknown whether it was actually used, but there are images showing similar gestures.

French artist Jacques-Louis David depicted the oath or oath of the Horatii in a 1784 painting in which the twins, three brothers, with outstretched arms, vow to sacrifice their lives for the sake of the Roman Republic. After the French Revolution, David painted another picture, where the new, revolutionary government swears allegiance to the new constitution with the same gesture, throwing its right hands forward and upward. Inspired by David's painting, artists depicted a similar greeting in paintings on ancient Roman themes for another century.

In the middle of the 19th century, the outstretched right hand increasingly took on the character of a military greeting, widespread both among various political groups and at the level of the entire country. In the USA, for example, since the 90s of the 19th century, schoolchildren have saluted with their right hand when the American flag is raised. This continued until 1942, when America entered the war against Italy and Germany and it became politically impossible to use the same gesture as the Nazis to greet.

Italian fascists considered this greeting gesture a symbol of the heritage of Ancient Rome, and propaganda described it as a salute to masculinity, in contrast to the usual handshake, which came to be considered a weak, feminine and bourgeois greeting.

Export style

The Italian fascists were considered the founders of the style that was adopted by all other groups of a similar ideological trend in Europe in the 20s and 30s. The habit of marching in dark-colored shirts spread among the fascists.

Blindly copying the Italians were members of the British Union of Fascists, the Dutch Mussertpartiet party and the Bulgarian National Zadruga Fascists - all of them were “Black Shirts”. The Spanish Falangists in 1934 refused to introduce black shirts to distinguish themselves from the Italian fascists, and switched to blue uniforms. So did the Portuguese National Syndicalists, the Swedish supporters of Lindholm, the Irish in the Army Comrades Association and several French groups: Faisceau, Solidarité Française and Le Francisme. In Germany, members of the National Socialist Party (NSDAP) storm troopers wore brown shirts. Green shirts were worn by members of the Hungarian "Arrow Cross Party" (Nyilaskeresztes part) - "Nylasists", Croatian Ustasha and the Romanian "Iron Guard". Gray shirts were worn by members of the Swiss National Front and Icelandic National Socialists. There was a small group in the US that called themselves the Silver Shirts.

The Roman raised arm salute was used by various nationalist groups in Europe even before Mussolini came to power in Italy. With the victorious march of the Italian fascists, this gesture began to spread more and more widely. The Fascia symbol was also adopted by other fascist associations inspired by Mussolini's successes, such as the British Union of Fascists, the Bulgarian National Zadruga Fascisti, the Swiss Fascismus and the Swedish Svenska fascistiska kampförbundet.

It is in the nature of fascism, however, to praise one's own culture. Therefore, most groups in other countries began to use local ones instead of the lictorial fascia. National symbols or signs that better reflected a local version of fascist ideology.

Fascist groups and symbols in other countries

Belgium

During the period between the world wars, two parallel fascist movements arose in Belgium. The first of these mostly attracted the Walloons, the French-speaking Belgians. The leader of the movement was lawyer Leon Degrelle, editor-in-chief of the Catholic and conservative magazine Christus Rex. The organization he created became the basis of the Rexistpartiet party formed in 1930. Rexism, as the ideology of this party came to be called, combined the theses of Catholicism with purely fascist elements, for example, corporatism and the abolition of democracy. Gradually, the Rexists became closer to German National Socialism, which led to the party losing the support of the church, and with it many supporters. During World War II, the Rexists supported the German occupation of Belgium, and Degrelle volunteered for the SS.

In the emblem of the Rexist party, the letters “REX” were combined with a cross and a crown as symbols of the kingdom of Christ on earth.

The second notable fascist movement in Belgium found supporters in the Flemish part of the population. Already in the 1920s, groups of Flemish nationalists became more active in the country, and in October 1933 a significant part of them united into the Vlaamsch Nationaal Verbond (VNV) party under the leadership of Staf de Klerk. This party accepted many of the ideas of the Italian fascists. De Klerk was called "den Leiter", "leader". In 1940, his party collaborated with the occupation regime. It was banned immediately after the war.

The colors of the VNV party emblem are taken from the coat of arms of the Dutch national hero William of Orange. The triangle is the Christian symbol of the Trinity. In Christian symbolism, the triangle can also represent equality and unity. The circle in the emblem is also a Christian symbol of unity.

Finland

Fascism spread more widely in Finland than in the rest of Northern Europe. Nationalist currents were strong throughout the period between the two world wars. The country gained independence from Russia in 1917. After the Civil War of 1918, when the Whites defeated the Reds, who were supported by Soviet Russia, the fear of a communist revolution was strong. In 1932, the Isänmaallinen kansanliike (IKL) party was formed, a continuation of the anti-communist nationalist Lapua movement of the 20s.

The IKL was a purely fascist party with the addition of its own extreme nationalist dream of an ethnically homogeneous Greater Finland, which would include the territories of today's Russia and Estonia, as well as demands for a corporate structure of society. All this was presented against the backdrop of the “superman” ideology, in which the Finns were presented as biologically superior to neighboring peoples. The party existed until 1944. She managed to stand as a candidate in three elections and received just over 8% of the vote in the 1936 elections, and three years later the number of votes cast for her dropped to 7%.

Members of the IKL party wore a uniform: a black shirt and a blue tie. The party banner was also blue with an emblem: inside the circle was a man with a baton sitting on a bear.

Greece

After the 1936 elections, Greece was in a difficult situation. Fearing the growing trade union movement, the king appointed Defense Minister Ioannis Metaxas as prime minister. Metaxas took advantage of a series of strikes to declare a state of emergency and immediately abolish the country's democratic institutions. On August 4, 1936, he proclaimed a regime called the “4th of August regime” and began to create an authoritarian dictatorship with elements of fascism, taking as a model the actions of the National Union, which was in power in Portugal. Troops were repeatedly brought into Greece, and in 1941 a government loyal to Hitler came to power in the country. The regime collapsed when Greece, despite Metaxa's pro-German sympathies, sided with the Allies in World War II.

Metaxa chose a stylized double-edged ax as a symbol of the “4th of August regime”, since he considered it the most ancient symbol of Hellenic civilization. Indeed, double axes, real and in images, in Greek culture for thousands of years, they are often found among archaeological finds period of the Minoan civilization on Crete.

Ireland

In 1932, the fascist organization Army Comrades Association (ACA) was formed in Ireland, initially created to protect meetings of the nationalist party Cumann nan Gaedhael. Soon, under the leadership of former general and police chief Owen O'Duffy, the ACA became independent and changed its name to the National Guard.

Inspired by the Italian fascists, members of the organization began wearing sky-blue “party” shirts in April 1933, which is why they were nicknamed “Blue Shirts.” They also adopted the Roman salute and threatened to march on Dublin in imitation of Mussolini's march on Rome. Also in 1933, the party was banned and O'Duffy weakened his fascist rhetoric. Later he was among the founders of the nationalist party Fine Gael.

The ACA banner, which later became the flag of the National Guard, was a variant of the banner of the Irish Order of St. Patrick, introduced in 1783: a red St. Andrew's cross on a white background. The sky blue color comes from the legend of how a white cross appeared in the sky in honor of St. Andrew (this motif also appears on the flag of Scotland).

Norway

Vidkun Quisling created the nationalist party National Accord (Nasjonal Samling) in 1933. Soon the party took an orientation towards fascism and Nazism. Before the outbreak of World War II, National Accord was the fastest growing party in Norway, and after the occupation of the country by Germany, Quisling became the country's minister-president. By 1943, the party had about 44 thousand members. On May 8, 1945, the party was dissolved, and Quisling's name became synonymous throughout the world with a traitor to the motherland.

The National Accord party used the Scandinavian traditional flag as a symbol, that is, a yellow cross on a red background. Local branches of the party designated themselves "Olaf's cross" - a variant of the "solstice". This sign has been a symbol of Norway since the Christianization of the country by St. Olaf in the 11th century.

Portugal

After the First World War, Portugal lay in ruins. After the military coup of 1926, the National Union party was formally created in 1930. In 1932, the leadership of the party was taken over by former Finance Minister Antonio Salazar, who soon became prime minister. Salazar, who held power in Portugal until his death in 1970, introduced a complete dictatorship and an ultra-reactionary political system, some elements of which can be regarded as fascist. The party remained in power until 1974, when the regime was overthrown and democracy was introduced to the country.

The National Union used the so-called Mantuan cross in its symbolism. This cross, like the Iron Cross of the Nazis, is a black and white cross patté, but with narrower bars. It was used, among others, by the Nazis in France.

Another group in Portugal in the 1930s was fascist in its purest form. It was formed in 1932 and was called the National Syndicalist Movement (MNS). The leader of the movement was Roland Preto, who even in the early 20s admired Mussolini and saw similarities between his fascism and his national syndicalism. Inspired by the Italians, members of the movement wore blue shirts, earning them the nickname "Blue Shirts."

The MNS was more radical than the National Union in power, and criticized the Salazar regime for being too timid in transforming Portuguese society. The MNS was disbanded in 1934 by order of Salazar, but continued to operate underground until its leadership was expelled after a failed coup attempt in 1935. Preto settled in Spain, where he took part in the civil war on Franco's side.

The MNS movement was under strong influence Catholicism. Therefore, the cross of the Portuguese Order of Christ Crusader Knights of the 14th century was chosen as its symbol.

Romania

After the First World War, Romania, like other European countries, was overtaken by depression. And just as in Germany and Italy, economic problems and fear of communist revolution led to the emergence of extreme nationalist movements here. In 1927, charismatic leader Corneliu Codreanu created the Legion of Archangel Michael, or the Iron Guard. The “Iron Guard” combined religious mysticism with brutal anti-Semitism in its ideology. Members of the “guard” were most often recruited from among students. Codreanu's goal was the "Christian and racial purification" of the nation. Soon, from a tiny sect, the Legion of the Archangel Michael turned into a party that received 15.5% of the votes in the parliamentary elections of 1937, thus becoming the third largest party in the country.

The Iron Guard was perceived as a threat by the regime of King Carol II. When the king imposed a dictatorship in 1938, Codreanu was arrested and then killed, allegedly while trying to escape. As a result, Codreanu gained fame as a “martyr of fascism” and is still revered by modern Nazis around the world.

During World War II, members of the Iron Guard, called "legionnaires," collaborated with the occupying German forces and became notorious for their brutality.

Legionnaires greeted each other with the Roman salute or salute and wore green shirts, so they were called "greenshirts" (the color green was supposed to symbolize renewal).

The symbol of the organization was a stylized version of an intertwined Christian cross divided into three parts, reminiscent of prison bars. This sign was intended to symbolize martyrdom. The symbol was sometimes called the “Cross of Michael the Archangel” - the guardian angel of the Iron Guard.

Switzerland

In the 1920s, small fascist groups began to be created in Switzerland, following the example of neighboring Italy. In 1933, two such groups merged to form a party called the National Front. This party was heavily influenced by the German Nazis; following their example, she founded youth and women's organizations, and in the mid-30s, her own armed militia, which was called Harst or Auszug.

In the 1933 local elections, the Swiss National Front gained voter support on a wave of nationalism inspired by the Nazi rise to power in Germany. The party reached its maximum number of more than 9 thousand members in 1935, receiving 1.6% of the vote and one seat in the Swiss parliament. The party was led by Ernst Biederman, Rolf Henie and Robert Tobler. In 1940, the Front was banned by the government, but continued its activities until 1943.

The National Front created its own version of the Italian fascist style - with gray shirts. Members of the organization also adopted the Roman greeting. The symbol of the Front was a version of the Swiss flag, in which a white cross reached the borders of a red background.

Spain

The Spanish Phalanx was created in 1933. At first, like the Italian fascists and German Nazis, the Falangists tried to come to power through elections, but they failed to win over enough voters to vote for conservative parties supported by the Catholic Church.

The next chance came after the victory of the socialist Popular Front party in the 1936 elections. The Spanish military, under the leadership of General Francisco Franco, refused to recognize the election results and began an armed uprising, which resulted in the civil war of 1936-1939. Initially Franco, he allowed the Falange, whose membership increased significantly after the elections, to become the most important part of the political apparatus, and adopted the party's political program. With the help of Italy and Germany, Franco and the Falangists won the civil war. However, despite the support, during the Second World War the Phalangists did not take Hitler’s side, and thanks to this they managed to retain power in the future.

After the war, Spain, like neighboring Portugal, became an authoritarian dictatorship. The Franco regime lasted until 1975. The Phalanx was formally disbanded in 1977.

The Phalanx symbol is borrowed from the coat of arms during the reign of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, the unifiers of Spain in the 15th century. In 1931, the yoke and arrows were adopted as symbols of the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista party, which later merged with the Falange. Since ancient times, the yoke symbolized labor for a common goal, and arrows symbolized power. The red and black background is the colors of the Spanish syndicalists.

Great Britain

The British Union of Fascists (BUF) was created in 1932 by former Conservative MP and Labor government minister Sir Oswald Mosley. Mosley built his organization in the image and likeness of the Italian fascists and introduced a black uniform, for which members of the Union were called “Blackshirts.” The number of BUF reached 50 thousand people. In the mid-1930s, the party's popularity declined due to its members being involved in numerous violent incidents. The organization was banned in 1940, and Mosley spent most of World War II in prison.

Oswald Mosley believed that the British colonial empire was the modern heir to the Roman Empire, and therefore initially used a version of the Roman fasces as a party symbol. In 1936, the party adopted a new symbol: a lightning bolt inside a circle.

The colors were borrowed from the British flag. The circle is an ancient Christian symbol of unity. Lightning is a symbol of action, activity. In the post-war period, the same symbols were used by the American fascist group the National Revival Party. It is still found among right-wing extremists - for example, the British terrorist organization Combat 18 used lightning and a circle in the logo of The Order newspaper in the early 90s of the 20th century.

Sweden

In Sweden, the Swedish Fascist Struggle Organization (Sveriges Fascistiska Kamporganisation, SFKO) was created in 2006. The symbol of the "bundle of rods" was used both as a sign of the party and as the name of its main organ, Spöknippet.

After party leaders Konrad Hallgren and Sven Olaf Lindholm visited Germany, the party became closer to National Socialism and in the fall of 1929 changed its name to the Swedish National Socialist People's Party.

In 1930, it merged with other Nazi parties: Birger Furugård's National Socialist Farmers' and Workers' Association and the New Sweden Party. The new organization was first called the New Swedish National Socialist Party, and soon became the Swedish National Socialist Party (SNSP). In the 1932 elections to the second chamber of the Riksdag, the party stood as candidates in nine electoral districts and received 15,188 votes.

Over time, the ideological differences between Furugård and Lindholm worsened to such an extent that on January 13, 1933, Lindholm and his supporters were expelled from the party. The next day, Lindholm formed the National Socialist Workers' Party (NSAP). The parties began to be called “Lindholm” and “Furugård”.

In October 1938, the NSAP changed its name again to the Swedish Socialist Association (SSS). Lindholm attributed the lack of success in recruiting new members to the fact that the party became too close to German National Socialism and used the German swastika as a symbol. His party called its ideology “folksocialism”, and instead of the swastika, it adopted the “Vasakärven sheaf” as its party symbol.

This heraldic symbol the unifier of Sweden, King Gustav Vasa, is of great national importance in Sweden. The word vase in Old Swedish means a sheaf of ears of grain. In the Middle Ages, various versions of such “sheaves” or “bundles” were used in the construction of significant buildings and laying roads. The “sheaf” depicted on the coat of arms of the Vasa dynasty served, in particular, to fill ditches during the assault on fortresses. When Gustav Vasa ascended the Swedish throne in 1523, this symbol appeared on the coat of arms of the Swedish state. The king's slogan "Varer svensk" (roughly "be a Swede") was often quoted in Nazi and fascist circles.

Germany

National Socialist workers' party(NSDAP) Germany was founded in 1919. In the 1920s, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, the party grew into a mass movement, and by the time it came to power its ranks numbered almost 900 thousand members.

German National Socialism was in many ways similar to Italian fascism, but there were differences on several points. Both ideologies are marked by a pronounced cult of the leader's personality. Both of them sought to unite society into a single national movement. Both National Socialism and Fascism are clearly anti-democratic and both are anti-communist. But if the fascists considered the state the most important part of society, the Nazis instead talked about the purity of the race. In the eyes of the Nazis, the total power of the state was not a goal, but a means to achieve another goal: the good of the Aryan race and the German people. Where the fascists interpreted history as a constant process of struggle between different forms of state, the Nazis saw an eternal struggle between races.

This was reflected in the Nazi symbol, the swastika, an ancient sign that in the 19th century was combined with the myth of Aryan race like the crown of creation. The Nazis adopted many of the outward signs of fascism. They created their own version of the fascist “style” and introduced the Roman salute. See Chapters 2 and 3 for more details.

Hungary

As in other European countries, fascist groups of various persuasions arose in Hungary during the period between the world wars. Some such groups united in 1935 to form the National Will Party. Two years later, this party was banned, but in 1939 it re-emerged under the name “Arrow Cross. Hungarian movement". In May of the same year, it became the country's second largest party and won 31 seats in parliament. With the outbreak of World War II, it was banned again, but in October 1944, the German occupation authorities installed the so-called government of national unity, led by Arrow Cross chairman Ferenc Szálasi, in power. This regime lasted only a few months, until February 1945, but in a short time sent about 80 thousand Jews to concentration camps.

Supporters of the "Salashists" (named after the party leader) took their name from the Christian cross with pointed ends, a symbol used by the Hungarians in the 10th century. In the ideology of the “Salashists,” the Hungarians were the dominant nation, and the Jews were considered the main enemies. Therefore, the sign of crossed arrows is in second place after the swastika, among the most anti-Semitic symbols of fascism. The crossed arrows, as well as the custom of marching in green shirts, were borrowed from the early fascist group of 1933 HNSALWP, which later became part of the National Will Party.

During the reign of the Szalasi government in Hungary, a flag appeared in the center of which there is a white circle on a red background, and in it there are black crossed arrows. Thus, the color scheme and structure of the German flag with a swastika were completely repeated. The SS troops, formed from Hungarian volunteers, also used this symbol for the Hungarian Divisions No. 2 and No. 3. Today this symbol is banned in Hungary.

In addition, the “Salashists” used the red-white-striped flag from the coat of arms of the dynasty of Hungarian princes Arpad, which ruled the country from the end of the 9th century until 1301.

Austria

In 1933, Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss abolished parliamentary rule and introduced a one-party system under the leadership of the Fatherland Front Party. The party combined Italian fascism and elements of Catholicism in its program, in other words, it professed clerical fascism. The Fatherland Front was in opposition to German National Socialism, and in 1934, Dollfuss was killed during a putsch attempt. Clerical fascism dominated the country until 1938, when Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany.

The flag of the Fatherland Front party is a so-called crutch cross on a red and white background. The cross has the same ancient roots as the crosses of the crusader knights, and in the Christian tradition is called cross potent. Its use in the 1930s in Austria was an attempt to compete with the Nazi swastika.

Mikhail Zadornov reflects on Trekhlebov’s arrest in his blog.

Mikhail Zadornov

Remember how I once said that instead of taking the best from the Soviet past and our present, we did the opposite? The people who accuse him combine today's illiteracy, lack of education and the Soviet inquisitorial thinking of party workers.

Do they still not know what a swastika means? Hitler's Germany became Nazi not because it adopted the swastika - ancient sign Sun, but because it declared itself the superior race! Tell me, if Hitler at that time had taken for Germany and for his party a double-headed eagle - also an ancient symbol - would today's successor managers have ranked him among the Nazi symbols? How many of the power-hungry maniacs who dreamed of conquering the world used various ancient magical symbols to achieve success and convince the masses?

Of course, Trekhlebov told his students about the meaning of the swastika. After all, he taught ancient knowledge. Not only he, but all scientists in the world know about the swastika. Only our tourists, when they enter Buddhist monasteries in India, exclaim in horror: “What kind of disgusting thing is this?” when they see numerous swastikas on the walls or pillars of the monastery.

The swastika is perhaps one of the few symbols as ancient as humanity.

The swastika has been found among many peoples since time immemorial.

This is the Sun!

At first the Sun was drawn as a circle. Then they began to draw a cross closed in a circle. This meant that people began to divide space into four parts of the world. They noticed four main days in the year - two solstices and two equinoxes. Days on which there is a constant ratio between day and night at any point on Earth: the most short night, the shortest day and two days when day is equal to night. And then one of the very ancient “Kulibins” thought of giving this cross rotation, thereby indicating eternal movement and development, depending on the sun. How can you understand that a drawn cross is spinning? Tie ribbons to the ends of the cross and show in which direction the inertial force acts! Or show the rays emanating from the center circle as curved. The image of a rotating cross-sun is found by archaeologists in various parts of the world. The dating of many of them cannot be accurately determined. Only one thing is clear - some of them are from antediluvian times!

Those who consider the swastika a fascist and Nazi symbol are actually siding with... Hitler!

Yes, the word “swastika” is unpleasant to the ear of a Soviet person. The Patriotic War brought too much trouble. And the swastika remained a symbol of this misfortune in the memory on a subconscious level. But not consciously!

However, many people forget that we also had the swastika on banknotes from 1918 to 1922, and even on the sleeve patches of Red Army soldiers.

The swastika is found in Russian northern folk patterns constantly. On towels. On a spinning wheel. On vases. In the patterns of the platbands... It’s impossible to list everything!

Go to the North of Russia today, idiot investigators, and arrest everyone who you find similar towels!

Moreover, I understand that those “edited” by the church will now attack me, but the early icons also often depicted a swastika. And there are many examples of this! And there's nothing wrong with that.

Yes, the swastika can be considered a pagan sign. But in Rus', until a certain time, there was officially the so-called two-belief. This meant that people worshiped the cross as a symbol of the Sun and the crucifixion of Christ at the same time. Because for them Christ was also the embodiment of the Sun on earth! Go to Sergiev Posad and look at the crosses on the domes - in the center of the crosses there are suns! I asked more than one priest, where are the suns on the crosses from? Nobody really answered. But they probably know that this tradition - depicting crosses with the sun - has existed since the time of Sergius of Radonezh.

Can you imagine how illiterate our authorities are?!

I repeat once again that the word “swastika” is not the most pleasant for Russian ears. The Slavs called the sun sign Kolovrat. Solstice. Anti-Slavists claim that there was no such word. Right. It was not in the writings of the monastic clergy. But the people had it and still have it. It is the people who preserve the living language, but the scientists do not know the living language and often deaden it.

There were two Kolovrat in our Slavic-Russian tradition. One cross rotated along the sun, the other against the sun.

One could talk endlessly about the swastika. Yes, the word is disgusting even for me, who grew up immediately after the war, so I’ll decipher what it means.

First of all, I repeat that the word “swastika” is not of Slavic origin. Indian, Sanskrit. But Sanskrit is a language invented by the Aryan Brahmins to write down the Vedas in a new place and preserve knowledge. In addition to Sanskrit, Slavic languages ​​remained the direct carriers of the Aryan language, therefore almost all Sanskrit words, if you listen carefully to them, coincide with Russian ones.

So you shouldn’t be surprised that the word “swastika” carries a luminous meaning in both Russian and Sanskrit.

"Sva" is light. In the Vedic language they pronounced it shorter - “su”. And translated as “ God's grace" And what if not light is God's grace. After all, from the word “light” - “holy”. The word “asti” is “is” in relation to the third person singular: he is asti, she is asti. And “ka” in many languages ​​of the world, including the one that scientists call the hypocritical, politically correct “Indo-European,” meant “soul.” “Sv/u-asti-ka” – “he/she is the light of the soul”!

The Slavic “kolovrat” means the same thing – “rotating sun”. This has been written about more than once; “kolo” was the name given to the sun in ancient times. And then, when the letter “si” began to be pronounced as “k” (and vice versa) among the southern peoples (they were confused due to illiteracy), then “colo” turned into “solo”.

The swastika, or Kolovrat, is the sacred sign of the Aryans. The Aryans, long before the formation of the slave-owning civilizations known to us, populated the entire Eurasian continent. Naturally, they worshiped the Sun. The natural science knowledge of the Aryans is practically forgotten. Symbols live longer. Secret knowledge, as a rule, is not kept by scientists. Scientists cling to everything that appears. And people keep knowledge in oral tradition. Ask a Belarusian peasant or any resident of the Kola Peninsula what a swastika means. Unlike many scientists, he will tell you.

By the way, the swastika-Kolovrat was depicted on towels in a very interesting way. If you look at the towel from one side, the sun rotates clockwise, and if from the other, counterclockwise! Witty, isn't it? Symbol of eternity: darkness gives way to light, light gives way to darkness...

The Inquisition returns - they arrest you for believing in the sun!

Is it really Trekhlebov’s fault that Hitler merged the swastika with a maddened Germany?! And he desecrated her! Moreover, I took only the solar sign that rotates counterclockwise. That is only a sign of darkness!

And the ancient Greeks used the same solar symbol. But for them it was combined in a pattern that was called the “river of life.”

Our Slavic ancestors by the pattern in which the swastika was “woven” on the bride’s clothes, one could tell what kind it was. Today, by looking at Scottish skirts, you can determine which surname a noble Scot belongs to. This custom also comes from pagan times. But in Scotland, no one thinks of arresting a man walking down the street in a skirt. Or all the tailors who sew these skirts!

I watched some videos of Trekhlebov’s performances on YouTube. In one of them, he explained to his students that love, according to the Russian alphabet, means “people know God”!

And what is criminal about this? Both love and God in one teaching, in one word.

By the way, it’s very interesting, the investigators who issued the warrant for his arrest, or the prosecutors, I don’t know, are they Russian people? I mean, their native language is Russian? I recognize nationality by the language in which a person thinks, naturally not by blood and not by the shape of the skull, as was done in Hitler’s Germany.

The Slavs are direct descendants of the Aryans! Sanskrit scholars who came to Russia from India more than once emphasized that there are no more similar languages ​​in the world than Sanskrit and Russian. The Russian language is great because it has absorbed many Slavic dialects, dialects, pronunciations - it, as it were, summed up all the Slavic languages. If two people gather at a conference Slavic people and do not understand each other in their languages, they switch to Russian. I have seen a similar situation more than once in Riga, when Lithuanians were forced to speak Russian with Latvians. Although Lithuanian and Latvian are very similar to each other. But the common denominator is still Russian. (Moreover, already at a time when Russian was considered the language of the invaders).

So, let's draw the line. Trekhlebov spread knowledge about light, about the sun, and he was arrested!

Just new option legends of Lucifer! After all, Lucifer too - from the word “light” - “ray”. True, he was presented to people as a fallen angel. So here we are, Trekhlebov fallen Angel?

However, I have another point of view. Maybe those who arrested him are not such idiots as they seem. Maybe they were just paid for it? And then it’s really bad. It's no secret that today they can be arrested either because they paid, or because of a call from above. A call from above is unlikely. Nobody up there is interested in Trekhlebov. For them, a fallen angel is one who quit in business, especially in oil or gas. For example, Yulia Tymoshenko or Yushchenko... and others like them.

However, I cannot leave the feeling that some kind of showdown between today’s Slavic communities, always arguing with each other, is involved in this matter. I’m not sure, I’m not saying...If this is so, come to your senses! Quarrel, swear, go against each other “wall to wall”, but do not betray the desire for Vedic knowledge. If some community that does not like Trekhlebov’s views ordered it, then this is a great sin. This is anti-Vedicism!

But if the authorities themselves did this, then I propose to arrest approximately half of the Russian residents in the north of Russia, in Buryatia, most of the population, to close the Buryat Buddhist datsans, which, by the way, were opened in the late 40s by decree... of Stalin! Joseph Vissarionovich allowed to depict a swastika in these datsans! And he should have hated her like no one else. But he was more literate than today’s authorities! The descendant of the ancient Ossetian-Aryans, apparently, knew the essence of this sign and understood that the solar symbol itself was not to blame for the horror that Hitler Germany unleashed.

Oh-oh-oh, I almost forgot... In the Ivolginsky datsan, where the holy sage Itigelov is located, the lamas gave me felt slippers with the image of a swastika! In my opinion, the time has come to arrest me. Moreover, along with slippers!

And now tell me, gentlemen who hold power, after all that has been said, will you still continue to believe in Hitler, and not in our worthy solar ancestors?

I sympathize with Trekhlebov, but maybe thanks to his arrest, people will finally clear up a lot of things for themselves. And everything will end sunny.

P.S. By the way, Soviet party leaders tried to convince the Soviet people that Hitler’s swastika was invented by Hitler himself and it meant four connected letters “G”: Hitler, Himmler, Goebbels, Goering.

P.P.S. Since my words do not inspire confidence among part of the population, because I do not have any titles, I suggest reading the article of a real scientist.

Doctor historical sciences, laureate of the international prize named after. Jawaharlal Nehru

Natalia GUSEVA

Swastika - child of millennia

Throughout the history of human civilization, many signs and symbols have accumulated. Are signs immortal? No, in their enormous mass they are lost, disappearing from people’s memory. But those that continue to live will probably not be lost in the future. Such eternal signs include, in particular, the sun, the cross and the swastika.

It would seem - what is common between a closed circle of the sun and a four-pointed cross? Why is the formula “sun and cross” so familiar to the ear? Yes, because these two signs are almost identical. Since ancient times, they have been brought together by such a simple fact as the similarity of astronomical ideas of the ancient inhabitants of different countries. In very distant times, an image of the sun appears with cross lines inside a circle. It is believed that in this way a person tried to express his attitude to the four countries of the world, his understanding of the world order, and to depict the main areas of the firmament in their relationship with the sun and its movement.

It is impossible to say who, where and when began to depict the crossed sun. At least until all the archaeological discoveries in the world are made and dated. The sun with a cross inside a circle appears before us at different ends of the earth. Gradually, the sign of the cross seems to be freed from the embrace of the solar ring and begins to live its own life. It is sometimes depicted next to solar rosettes and with circles inside its outline, but more and more often in the form of a straight, and sometimes oblique, cross.

And in the same deep, impenetrable antiquity, the cross still continued to bear certain symbols of its connection with the sun, its direct belonging to it. Apparently, it began with the desire of people to somehow depict the very fact of the movement of the sun. And the beginning of this was to give the solar circle curved rays. After all, the cross is static, motionless, and changes in its shape do not give it the energy of sharp rotation.

But how to show the movement of the star, its rotation? The answer was found - it is necessary to dismember the ring around the cross, leaving its segments only at four ends of the cross (or five, or seven, if the cross was thought of as spokes inside the rim of the wheel of the sun). This is how the SWASTIKA was born.

In this sense, the images on vessels from Ancient Mexico are very clear.

No one will be able to answer the question about the time and place of giving the cross a new form, a new meaning, more directly, more expressively connecting it with the sun. But this happened, and a new sign appeared among the most ancient symbolic designs.

The sign itself is silent and bears neither guilt nor responsibility. People who use it for their own purposes, both plausible and unseemly, are responsible.

Since the 1930s, debates have flared up around the world about the meaning and historical role swastikas. In Russia, which suffered so cruelly from the enemy who destroyed the country under banners with the swastika sign, this hostility took hold in the souls of people and has not subsided for half a century, especially in the souls of representatives of the older generation. But, nevertheless, the prohibition of a sign in a country, or region, or city looks like: the swastika sign is too deep and ancient fate.

It is important to look at India for the reason that archaeologists and historians have found very few images of swastikas on monuments from other Asian countries close to India. Only one ancient image of this sign is mentioned in the literature, dating back to the same and even deeper antiquity - this is a swastika at the bottom of a vessel from Samaria, which is dated (or, more precisely, is usually dated) to the 4th millennium BC. Who created these many other things found that speak of the high development of the culture of the local population, who created prosperous cities and a developed agricultural civilization here?

It was one of the oldest civilizations on earth, most often mentioned in books under the name of the Indus Valley civilization, or the Harappan civilization (after the name of one of the local cities). This civilization is called pre-Aryan, because its heyday occurred in the 4th-3rd millennium BC, i.e. for those centuries when the tribes of nomadic cattle breeders of the Aryans were still moving towards India across the lands of Eastern Europe, and then Central Asia. Where did their long movement begin? According to a theory widespread in science, known as the northern or arctic theory, the ancestors of the Aryans (“Aryans”) originally lived, along with the distant ancestors of all peoples who spoke Indo-European languages, on the lands of the Arctic.